List of Turkic countries

This is a list about Turkic countries, autonomous republics, independent republics, beyliks, empire and dynasties that were built by Turkic people.

Historical Turkic countries

Pre-Islam era

Country	Date	Notes
Han-Zhao	304-329
Dai (Sixteen Kingdoms)	310-376
Later Zhao	319 – 351
Kidarites	320-500
Alchon Huns	370-670
History of the Huns	375-469
Northern Wei)	386-535
Northern Liang	397 – 439
Xia (Sixteen Kingdoms)	407-431
Hephthalites	440-710
Nezak Huns	484–665
Northern Zhou	557-581
Pannonian Avars	562-823
First Turkic Khaganate	MS 552–582
Western Turkic Khaganate	583-657
Eastern Turkic Khaganate	583-630
Xueyantuo	630-647
Kutrigurs	5.-6. century
Utigurs	5.-6. century
Sabir people	5.-6. century
Old Great Bulgaria	630-665
Tokhara Yabghus	630-700
Khazars	630-965
Çaç Şehir Devleti	658 – 742
Turk Shahis	665-850
Kangar union	659-750
Volga Bulgaria	665-1391
First Bulgarian Empire	681-1018
Second Turkic Khaganate	682-744
Tatar confederation	8. century -1202
Türgesh	717-766
Uyghur Khaganate	744-840
Yan (An–Shi)	756–763
Karluk Yabghu	756-840
Kyrgyz Khaganate	840-1207
Ganzhou Uyghur Kingdom	848-1036
Cumania	900 – 1241
Later Tang	923–937
Later Jin (Five Dynasties)	936–947
Later Han (Five Dynasties)	947-951
Northern Han	951–979
Qocho	991-1209

After Islam era

Country	Date
Kara-Khanid Khanate	840-1042
Pechenegs	860-1091
Tulunids	868-905
Kimek–Kipchak confederation	880-1200
Árpád dynasty	895-1301
Ikhshidid dynasty	935-969
Oghuz Yabgu State	950-1040
Karluk Khanate	960-1222
Ghaznavids	962-1187
Seljuk Empire	1037–1194
East Kara-Khanids	1042–1211
West Kara-Khanids	1042–1212
Syria Seljuks	1092–1117
Khorason Seljuks	1092–1194
Sultanate of Rum	1092–1243
Kerman Seljuk Sultanate	1092–1230
Khwarazmian Empire	1097–1231
Burid dynasty	1117–1154
Ahmadilis	1122–1225
Zengid dynasty	1127–1259
Fergana Kara-Khanid State	1141–1212
Eldiguzids	1146–1225
Beylik of Erbil	1146–1232
Salghurids	1147–1284
Khalji dynasty of Bengal	1204–1231
Iraqi Seljukis	1157–1194
Delhi Sultanate(Mamluk dynasty)	1206–1290
White Horde	1227–1378
Qarlughids	1238–1266

First Era Anatolian Beyliks

Country	Date
House of Mengüjek	1072–1277
Tzachas	1081–1098
Beylik of Dilmaç	1085–1192
Beylik of Çubukoğulları	1085–1092
Danishmendids	1092–1202
Saltukids	1092–1202
Inalids	1098–1183
Shah-Armens	1100–1207
Artuqids	1102–1408
Chobanids (beylik)	1227–1309
Beylik of Tanrıbermiş	1074–1098

After Mongolian invasion era

Country	Date
Chagatai Khanate	1227–1347
Rasulid dynasty^[1]^[2]	1229–1454
Golden Horde	1242–1502
Bahri Mamluks	1250–1389
Terter dynasty	1280–1323
Delhi Sultanate(Khalji dynasty)	1290–1321
Ottoman Empire	1299–1922
Assaf dynasty	1306–1591
House of Basarab	1310–1627
Delhi Sultanlığı(Tuğluk Khanate)	1321–1398
Moghulistan	1347–1570
Sufi dynasty	1359–1388
Timurid Empire	1370–1507
Bengal Sultanate	1352–1576
Aq Qoyunlu	1378–1508
Qara Qoyunlu	1380–1469
Nogai Horde	1398–1642
Shaybanids	1428-1468,1500-1599
Khanate of Kazan	1438–1552
Crimean Khanate	1441–1783
Astrakhan Khanate	1446–1556
Qasim Khanate	1452–1681
Khanate of Sibir	1464–1598
Kazakh Khanate	1465–1847
Great Horde	1466–1502
Adil Shahi dynasty	1490–1686
Lesser Nogai Horde	1449–1783
Budjak Horde	16. ve 17. yüzyıllar
Taskent Khanate	1501–1627
Safavid Iran	1501–1736
Qutb Shahi dynasty	1512–1687
Yarkent Khanate	1514–1680
Khanate of Khiva	1515–1920
Mughal Empire	1526–1858
Khanate of Bukhara	1561–1785
Kumul Khanate	1696–1930
Beylik of Tunis	1705–1881
Khanate of Kokand	1709–1876
Karamanli dynasty	1711–1835
Afsharid dynasty	1736–1802
Hyderabad State	1724–1948
Emirate of Bukhara	1785–1920
Qajar dynasty	1781–1925
Bukey Horde	1801–1845
Yettishar	1865–1877

Second Era Anatolian Beyliks

Country	Date
Beylik of Bafra	1243–1460
Karamanids	1256–1483
Beylik of Lâdik	1261–1368
Sahib Ataids	1275–1342
Pervâneoğlu	1277–1322
Eshrefids	1280–1326
Menteshe	1280–1424
Dobruca Beylik	1281–1299
Alaiye	1293–1421
Karasids	1297–1360
Candar dynasty	1299–1462
Osmanogullari Beylik (Ottoman Empire)	1299–1302 (as a Beylik)
Germiyanids	1300–1423
Beyliks of Canik
Emirate of Chalybia	1301–1427
Hamidids	1301–1423
Sarukhanids	1302–1410
Emirate of Limnia	1303–1415
Aydinids	1308–1426
Kubadoğulları Emirate	1318–1422
Beylik of Teke	1321–1390
Ramadanid Emirate	1325–1608
Eretnid dynasty	1335–1381
Beylik of Dulkadir	1339–1521
Kutluşahlar Beylik	1340–1393
Taşanoğulları Beylik	1350–1398
Emirate of Erzincan	1379–1410
State of Kadi Burhan al-Din	1381–1398

Azerbaijani dynasties

Country	Date
Moqaddam family	1610–1925
Quba Khanate	1726–1806
Baku Khanate	1735–1806
Shaki Khanate	1743–1826
Tabriz Khanate	1747–1802
Ganja Khanate	1747–1804
Javad Khanate	1747–1805
Derbent Khanate	1747–1806
Ardabil Khanate	1747–1808
Khalkhal Khanate	1747–1809
Zencan Khanate	1747–1810
Shirvan Khanate	1747–1820
Karabakh Khanate	1747–1822
Erivan Khanate	1747–1828
Karadagh Khanate	1747–1828
Nakhichevan Khanate	1747–1828
Marand Khanate	1747–1828
Urmiye Khanate	1747–1865
Maku Khanate	1747–1922

Older provisional governments and republics

Country	Date
Comrat Republic	6 January – 12 January 1906
Provisional Government of Western Thrace	31 August 1913 – 29 October 1913
Bashkiria (1917–1919)	15 November 1917 – 4 November 1918
Crimean People's Republic	1917–1918
Turkestan Autonomy	1917–1918
Republic of Aras	1918
Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus	1918–1919
Idel-Ural State	1918–1919
Alash Orda	1917–1920
Azerbaijan Democratic Republic	1918–1920
Azadistan	1919–1920
First East Turkestan Republic	12 November 1932 – 6 February 1934
Hatay State	1938–1939
Tuvan People's Republic	1921–1944
Azerbaijan People's Government	1945
Second East Turkestan Republic	12 November 1944 – 20 October 1949
Government of the Grand National Assembly	3 May 1920 – 29 October 1923
Cyprus Turkish General Committee (Kıbrıs Türk Genel Komitesi)	1963–1967
Cyprus Interim Turkish Administration (Kıbrıs Geçici Türk Yönetimi)	1967–1974
Autonomous Turkish Cypriot Administration	1974–1975
Turkish Federated State of Cyprus	1975–1983
Gagauz Republic	1990–1994

Soviets Union era republics

Autonomous Soviet republics

Country	Date	Notes
Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	30 April 1918 – 27 October 1924	Former status: Turkestan Soviet Fedarative Republic 20 April 1918 – 30 April 1918
Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	20 March 1919 – 11 October 1990	Former status: Tatar-Bashkir Soviet Republic 22 March 1918 – 20 March 1919 Later status: Bashkir Soviet Socialist Republic 11 October 1990 – 25 February 1992
Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	27 May 1920 – 30 August 1990	Former status: Tatar-Bashkir Soviet Republic Sovyet Cumhuriyeti 22 March 1918 – 20 March 1919 Later status: Tataristan Soviet Socialist Republic 30 August 1990 – 16 May 1992
Crimean Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic	18 October 1921 – 30 June 1945 12 February 1991 – 26 February 1992	Former status: Crimea Soviet Socialist Republic 28 April 1919 – 26 June 1919 Former status: Crimea Oblast 30 June 1945 – 12 February 1991
Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	27 April 1922 – 27 September 1990	Later status: Yakut Soviet Socialist Republic 27 September 1990 – 27 December 1991
Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	21 April 1925 – 24 October 1990	Former status: Chuvash Autonomous Oblast 24 June 1920 – 21 April 1925 Later status: Chuvash Soviet Socialist Republic 24 October 1990 – 13 February 1992
Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	20 January 1921 – 24 May 1991	Later status: Dagestan Soviet Socialist Republic 24 May 1991 – 25 December 1993 Kumyks 231.8 thousand (% 12.9, 1989) Azeris 75.5 thousand (% 4.2, 1989) Nogais 8.3 thousand (% 1.6, 1989)
Mountain Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	20 January 1921 – 7 July 1924	Balkar National Region 19 November 1920 – 28 January 1935 Karacay National Region 27 November 1920 – 12 January 1922
Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	9 February 1924 – 17 November 1990	Former status: Nakhichevan Soviet Socialist Republic 1920–1923 Nakhichevan Autonomous Region 1923–1924
Karakalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	20 March 1932 – 9 January 1992	Former status Karakalpak Autonomous Oblast 16 February 1925 – 20 March 1932 Later status: Karakalpak Soviet Socialist Republic 26 April 1990 – 9 January 1992
Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	5 December 1936 – 16 May 1992	Former status: Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Oblast 1924–1936
Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	10 October 1961 – 12 December 1990	Former status: Tuvan Autonomous Region 11 October 1944 – 10 October 1961 Later status: Tuvan Soviet Socialist Republic 12 December 1990 – 28 August 1991
Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	25 October 1990 – 31 March 1992	Former status: Oyrot Autonomous Region 1 June 1922 – 7 January 1948 Daglik-Altai Autonomous Oblast 7 January 1948 – 25 October 1990
Karacay-Cherkess Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	18 November 1990 – 17 October 1991	Former status: Karacay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast 12 October 1922 – 26 April 1926 Karacay Autonomous Region 26 April 1926 – 12 October 1943
Khakas Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	3 June 1991 – 29 October 1992	Former status: Khakas Autonomous Oblast 20 October 1930 – 3 July 1991

Soviet republics

Country	Date	Notes
Khorezm People's Soviet Republic	26 April 1920 – 17 February 1925	Later status: Khorezm Socialist Soviet Republic (Name and flag changed on 20 October 1923.)
Bukharan People's Soviet Republic	8 October 1920 – 17 February 1925	Later Status: Bukharan Socialist Soviet Republic (Name and flag changed on 19 September 1924.)
Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic	28 April 1920 – 25 December 1991	Former status: Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic 1922–1936
Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic	27 October 1924 – 25 December 1991	Former status: Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic 1918–1924
Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic	13 May 1925 – 26 December 1991	Former status: Trans-Hazar area 30 April 1918 – 7 August 1921 Turkmen Oblast 7 August 1921 – 13 May 1925
Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic	5 December 1936 – 26 December 1991	Former status: Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920–1925) 26 August 1920 – 15 June 1925 Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic 15 June 1925 – 5 December 1936
Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic	5 December 1936 – 26 December 1991	Former status: Kara-Kirghiz Autonomous Oblast 14 October 1924 – 15 May 1925 Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1926–1936) 1 February 1926 – 5 December 1936

Independent Turkic countries

Country	Established in	Turkish population
Republic of Turkey	1923	%80 Turkish
Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (de facto)	1983	%99 Cyprus and Turkey Turks^[3]
Azerbaijan	1991	91.6% Azerbaijanis, 0.43% Meskhetian Turks, 0.29% Tatars
Kazakhstan	1991	63.1% Kazakhs, 2.9% Uzbeks, 1.4% Uyghurs, 1.3% Tatars, 0.6% Meskhetian Turks, 0.5% Azerbaijanis, 0.1% Kyrgyzs.
Kyrgyzstan	1991	70.9% Kyrgyzs, 14.3% Uzbeks, 0.9% Uyghurs, 0.7% Meskhetian Turks, 0.6% Kazakhs, 0.6% Tatars, 0.3% Azerbaijanis.
Uzbekistan	1991	%84,5 Uzbeks, %4,8 Tajiks, %2,4 Kazakhs, %2,2 Karakalpaks, %2,1 Russian, %0,8 Kyrgyz, %0,6 Turkmens, %0,5 Tatars, %0,5 Meskhetian Turks, %0,2 Azerbaijanis, %0,2 Uyghurs, %0,2 Bashkirs, %1 Others
Turkmenistan	1991	75.6% Turkmens, 9.2% Uzbeks, 2.0% Kazakh, 1.1% Meskhetian Turks 0.7% Tatars

Contemporary autonomous republics and regions

Autonomous republics governed by Russia

Autonomous republics which Turks lives as majority

Country	Date	Notes
Bashkortostan	1991-....	Turkic people consist population of 57,6%. Bashkirs are %29.5, Tatars are %25,4, Chuvash people are 2,7%. Islam is popular amongst Bashkirs and Tatars. Christianity is popular amongst Chuvash people.
Chuvashia	1991-....	Chuvash people consist %67,7 and Tatars 2,8% of the population. Christianity is popular amongst Chuvash people. Islam is popular amongst Tatars
Tatarstan	1991-....	Turkic people consist 57,6% of the population. Tatars are %53,2, Chuvash people are %3,1. Islam is popular amongst Tatars. Christianity is popular amongst Chuvash people.
Tuva	1991-....	Tuvans consist 82% of the population. Budism and Tengrism are popular amongst Tuvans.
Sakha Republic	1991-....	Turkic people consist 51% of the population. Yakuts are 49,9%, Dolgans are 0,2, Tatars are 0.7. Christianity and Tengrism are popular amongst the Turks in the region.

Autonomous republics which Turks lives as minority

Country	Date	Notes
Altai Republic	1991-....	The 40% of the population are Turkic people. Altais are %34,5, Kazakhs are 6,2% of the population Shamanism, Tengrism, Burkhanism and Christianity is popular in the Turkic people in the region.
Balkars	1991-....	Origin name is Kabardino-Balkaria. Islam is popular in the region.
Dagestan	1991-....	The population of the 25% consist of Turkic people such as Kumuks, Azeris and Nogais. Islam is popular in the region.
Khakassia	1991-....	Khakas Turks are 12% of the population. Christianity is popular amongst Khakas Turks.
Karachay-Cherkessia	1991-....	Islam is popular in the region.

Autonomous regions

Country	Date	Notes
Gagauzia	1991-....	Autonomous region governed by Moldova Christianity is popular in Gagauz people.
Karakalpakstan	1991-....	Autonomous region governed by Uzbekistan. Karakalpaks consist 32% of the population. Uzbeks are 32% and 25% are Kazakhs.
Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic	1991-....	Autonomous region governed by Azarbaijan. Has border with Turkey. The 99% of the population consist of Azarbaijani Turks.
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region	1955-....	Autonomous region governed by China. The 61.14% of the population consist of Turkic people such as Uyghurs, Salar people and Yugurs. Islam is popular amongst the Turkic people in the region.
Xunhua Salar Autonomous County	?
Jishishan Bonan, Dongxiang and Salar Autonomous County	?
Sunan Yugur Autonomous County	1954-...
Aksay Kazakh Autonomous County	1954-...
Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture	1954-...

International Turkic organizations

Organization	Member	Observer members
Organization of Turkic States	Turkey Azerbaijan Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan	Turkmenistan Hungary TRNC

References

↑ Holt, P.M.; Lambton, Ann K.S.; Lewis, Bernard, eds. (1978). The Cambridge History of Islam. 1A. Cambridge University Press.
↑ Bosworth, C.E.; Savory, Roger; Issawi, Charles; Udovitch, A.L., eds. (1989). The Islamic World: From Classical to Modern Times (Essays in Honor of Bernard Lewis). Darwin Press.
↑ "Tablo – 8 : Yaş Grubu, Milliyet ve Cinsiyete Göre Sürekli İkamet Eden (de-jure) KKTC Vatandaşı Nüfus. TOPLAM". Archived from the original on 14 March 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2019.

External links

Tarihteki 16 Türk Devleti ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti – Kurucularının Büstleri (Şarkışla, Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Parkı içerisinde)

This article "List of Turkic countries" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:List of Turkic countries. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.

[1] Holt, P.M.; Lambton, Ann K.S.; Lewis, Bernard, eds. (1978). The Cambridge History of Islam. 1A. Cambridge University Press.

[2] Bosworth, C.E.; Savory, Roger; Issawi, Charles; Udovitch, A.L., eds. (1989). The Islamic World: From Classical to Modern Times (Essays in Honor of Bernard Lewis). Darwin Press.

[3] "Tablo – 8 : Yaş Grubu, Milliyet ve Cinsiyete Göre Sürekli İkamet Eden (de-jure) KKTC Vatandaşı Nüfus. TOPLAM". Archived from the original on 14 March 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2019.

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