Mon Pali language

Mon Pali
	လိက်ပါဠိဘာသာမန်
Native to	Myanmar Mon State;
Region	Lower Myanmar
Ethnicity	Mon Pali
Native speakers
Language family	Austroasiatic Monic Mon Pali; ;
Writing system	Mon-Burmese script
Official status
Recognised minority; language in	Myanmar; Thailand
Language codes
ISO 639-3	Either:; mnw – Mon Pali; omx – Old Mon Pali
Linguist List	omx Old Mon Pali
Glottolog	monn1252 Modern Mon Pali; oldm1242 Old Mon Pali
	This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For a guide to IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

The Mon Pali language^[4] Mon: လိက်ပါဠိဘာသာမန်; Burmese: မွန်ပါဠိဘာသာ, Thai: ภาษาบาลีมอญ, formerly known as Peguan and Talaing) I have resolved to devote all my energies to the writing of this book for the benefit of those who desire be clever in four Mon Pali language.

Pronunciation: (Alphabet)

The Pāḷi alphabet consist of 41 letters: 8 vowels, the niggahīta (ṁ), and 32 consonants

The Mon Pali alphabet contains 32 consonants (including a zero consonant), as follows, with consonants belonging to the breathy register indicated in gray:^[5]

က k (/kaˀ/)	ခ kh (/kʰaˀ/)	ဂ g (/gaˀ/)	ဃ gh (/ghaˀ/)	င ṅ (/ŋaˀ/)
စ c (/caˀ/)	ဆ ch (/cʰaˀ/)	ဇ j (/jaˀ/)	ၛ jh (/jhaˀ/)	ဉ / ည ñ (/ñaˀ/)
ဋ ṭ (/taˀ/)	ဌ ṭha (/tʰaˀ/)	ဍ ḍ (/ɗaˀ/)	ဎ ḍha (/tʰɛ̀ˀ/)	ဏ ṇ (/naˀ/)
တ t (/taˀ/)	ထ th (/tʰaˀ/)	ဒ da (/tɛ̀ˀ/)	ဓ dha (/tʰɛ̀ˀ/)	န na (/nɛ̀ˀ/)
ပ p (/paˀ/)	ဖ ph (/pʰaˀ/)	ဗ ba (/pɛ̀ˀ/)	ဘ bha (/pʰɛ̀ˀ/)	မ me (/mɛ̀ˀ/)
ယ ya (/jɛ̀ˀ/)	ရ ra (/rɛ̀ˀ/)	လ la (/lɛ̀ˀ/)	ဝ va (/vaˀ/)	သ s (/saˀ/)
ဟ h (/haˀ/)	ဠ ḷ (/laˀ/)	အံ ṁ (/(a)ṁ/)

In the Mon Pali script, consonants belong to one of two registers: clear and breathy, each of which has different inherent vowels and pronunciations for the same set of diacritics. For instance, က, which belongs to the clear register, is pronounced /kaˀ/, while ဂ is pronounced /ga/, to accommodate the vowel complexity of the Mon Pali phonology.^[6] The addition of diacritics makes this obvious. Whereas in Burmese Pali spellings with the same diacritics are rhyming, in Mon Pali this depends on the consonant's inherent register. A few examples are listed below

က, pronounced /ka/
ကာ, pronounced /kā/
ကိ, pronounced /ki/
ကီ, pronounced /kī/
ကု, pronounced /ku/
ကူ, pronounced /kū/
ကေ, pronounced /ke/
ကျ, pronounced /kay/
တြိ, pronounced /kri/
ဗြ, pronounced /bra/
န္ဓ, pronounced /ndha/
တ္ထ, pronounced /ttha/
ဒ္ဓ, pronounced /ddha/
တွ, pronounced /tva/
န္တ, pronounced /ntha/
ဒ္ဓ, pronounced /dva/
ကွ, pronounced /kva/
တြ, pronounced /tra/
ဠ, pronounced /ttha/
ယျ, pronounced /yya/

The Mon Pali language has 8 medials, as follows: င (/-ṅa-/), အံ (/-(a)ṁ-/), ယျ.

Consonantal finals are indicated with a virama (ကွ), as in Burmese Pali however, instead of being pronounced as glottal stops as in Burmese Pali, final consonants usually keep their respective pronunciations. Furthermore, consonant stacking is possible in Mon Pali spellings, particularly for Pali and Sanskrit-derived vocabulary.

External links

Mon Pali in Myanmar

This article "Mon Pali language" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:Mon Pali language. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.

↑ Mon Pali at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Old Mon Pali at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Mon Pali". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. Search this book on
↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Old Mon Pali". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. Search this book on
↑ "Mon". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
↑ Dho-ong Jhaan (2009-05-09). "Mon Pali Consonants Characters". Retrieved 5 September 2009.
↑ "Mon Pali". Concise encyclopedia of languages of the world. Elsevier. 2000. pp. 719–20. ISBN 978-0-08-087774-7. Search this book on

[e18-1] Mon Pali at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Old Mon Pali at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)

[Glottolog-2] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Mon Pali". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. Search this book on

[Glottolog2-3] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Old Mon Pali". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. Search this book on

[4] "Mon". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. September 2005. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

[5] Dho-ong Jhaan (2009-05-09). "Mon Pali Consonants Characters". Retrieved 5 September 2009.

[6] "Mon Pali". Concise encyclopedia of languages of the world. Elsevier. 2000. pp. 719–20. ISBN 978-0-08-087774-7. Search this book on

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Mon Pali
လိက်ပါဠိဘာသာမန်
Native to	Myanmar Mon State
Region	Lower Myanmar
Ethnicity	Mon Pali
Native speakers	^[1]
Language family	Austroasiatic Monic Mon Pali
Writing system	Mon-Burmese script
Official status
Recognised minority language in	Myanmar Thailand
Language codes
ISO 639-3	Either: `mnw` – Mon Pali `omx` – Old Mon Pali
Linguist List	`omx` Old Mon Pali
Glottolog	`monn1252` Modern Mon Pali^[2] `oldm1242` Old Mon Pali^[3]
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For a guide to IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.