N-v-t distinction
In sociolinguistics, N-V-T is a framework of analysis proposed by Manuela Cook (1997, 2010) for the interpretation of pronouns and other forms of address.
N-V-T considers a dimension of neutrality (N) in addition to the customary informal T and formal V; and caters for a continuum of shades of meaning between poles T and V, where N can be a doorway into negotiated T or V. Semantic and structural N-V-T strategies will vary from language to language; and both pronominal and nominal encoders are taken into account.
The closeness associated with T is viewed as a means of serving factor solidarity but also as an opportunity to exert power. The distance associated with V is viewed as a means of serving factor power but also as an opportunity to provide N social space.
This tripartite classification has been acknowledged as a new proposal further to the usual T-V model. See 'History and usage' on the T–V distinction page.
References[edit]
Cook, M., 1997, 2010. Uma Teoria de Interpretação das Formas de Tratamento na Língua Portuguesa, Hispania. Vol. 80 (3), American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portuguese, 451-464. English version (2010), www.lusophonepublishing.com-nvt-theory.html.
Cook, M., 2014. Beyond T and V - Theoretical Reflections on the Analysis of Forms of Address, American Journal of Linguistics. Vol. 3 (1), Scientific & Academic Publishing, 17-26. www.journal.sapub.org/linguistics.[unreliable source?]
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