Nation of Islam and racism
From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki
Nation of Islam (NOI) is a Black nationalist religious movement founded in 1930,[1] which played a considerable role in the Civil Rights Movement (1954‒68) in the United States (US).[1] Since its founding, it has been a subject of controversy due to its promotion of ideas commonly seen as racist.[2][3]
Antisemitism
A common form of racism for which the NOI has been criticized is antisemitism. Several figureheads of the NOI, including Elijah Muhammad,[4] Malcolm X[2] and Louis Farrakhan,[3] expressed antisemitic views within their lifetime.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 * Curtis, Edward E. (2002). "Islamizing the Black Body: Ritual and Power in Elijah Muhammad's Nation of Islam". Religion and American Culture: A Journal of Interpretation. 12 (2): 167–196. doi:10.1525/rac.2002.12.2.167. ISSN 1052-1151.
- "The Muslim Program". NOI.org Official Website. 2013-10-08. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
- "Nation of Islam (NOI)". crcc.usc.edu. 2019-04-16. Archived from the original on 2024-03-10. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1
- Pollack, Eunice G. (2013). Racializing Antisemitism: Black Militants, Jews, and Israel 1950-present (PDF). Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism, Hebrew University of Israel. p. 4. Search this book on
- "Malcolm X founded Harvard University's antisemitism". Jewish News Syndicate. 22 February 2024.
Jews and Zionism have been cast as the ultimate oppressors of black Americans.
- "When Malcolm X Met the Nazis". VICE. 15 April 2015.
- Pierre, Dion J. (June 17, 2019). "How Anti-Semitism Became a Staple of 'Woke' Activism on Campus". National Association of Scholars. Retrieved October 27, 2024.
- "Nation of Islam". Anti-Defamation League. January 9, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2024.
- Pollack, Eunice G. (2013). Racializing Antisemitism: Black Militants, Jews, and Israel 1950-present (PDF). Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism, Hebrew University of Israel. p. 4. Search this book on
- ↑ 3.0 3.1
- "Louis Farrakhan". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved October 27, 2024.
- "Black Radicalism". SAPIR Journal. 2024. Retrieved October 27, 2024.
Antisemitism runs deeper in the black radical tradition than many realize
- "Antisemitism in the Black Hebrew Israelite and Christian Identity Movements". Pogram on Extremism, George Washington University (GWU). 1 August 2024.
- "Black Hebrew Isralites Are Not Jewish: Tova the Poet Unpacks the Dangers of the Extremist Fringe Group Posing Harm to Jews". Campaign Against Antisemitism. 10 March 2023.
- "Extreme Black Hebrew Israelite Movement" (PDF). Simon Wiesenthal Center. December 2022.
- ↑
- Evanzz, Karl, The Judas Factor, The Plot to Kill Malcolm X, pp. 205–206, Thunder's Mouth Press, NY, 1992; Marable, Manning, Along the Color Line Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, reprinted in the Columbus Free Press, January 17, 1997.
- Rolinson, Mary, Grassroots Garveyism, p. 193, UNC Press Books, 2007.
- Washington Post, May 6, 1967, p. E-15, July 2, 1967, January 30, 1975, p. B7; Hakim Jamal, From the Dead Level, pp. 247–48; Louis Lomax To Kill a Black Man, pp. 108–09; Karl Evanzz, The Judas Factor, pp. 284–86, The Messenger, p. 303.
- "The Messenger Passes", Time, March 10, 1975.
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