Next Indian general election
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General elections are expected to be held in India by April 2029 to elect 543 members of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of Parliament.
Background
The tenure of the 18th Lok Sabha is scheduled to end in June 2029.[1] In the 2024 Indian general election, incumbent prime minister Narendra Modi ran for a third consecutive term. His Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) had enjoyed an absolute majority—a minimum of 272 seats—in the 2014 and 2019 elections. The primary opposition was the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA), a coalition formed in 2023 by the Indian National Congress (INC) and many regional parties. The BJP won 240 seats although the NDA overall secured 293 of the house's 543 seats.[2] The INDIA coalition secured 234 seats, 99 of which were won by the Congress, garnering the party the official opposition status for the first time in 10 years.[3][4][5] Seven independents and ten candidates from non-aligned parties also won seats in the Lok Sabha.[6][7][8]
Current composition of the Lok Sabha
This table relates to the composition of the Lok Sabha after the 2024 Indian general election and summarises the changes in party affiliation that took place during the 2024–present Lok Sabha.
| Party | Seats | Leader in Lok Sabha | Leader's seat | Alliance | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #FF9933;" data-sort-value="Bharatiya Janata Party" | | BJP | 240 | Narendra Modi | Varanasi | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="National Democratic Alliance" | | [[National Democratic Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #00BFFF;" data-sort-value="Indian National Congress" | | INC | 99 | Rahul Gandhi | Rae Bareli | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #FF0000;" data-sort-value="Samajwadi Party" | | SP | 37 | Akhilesh Yadav | Kannauj | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Trinamool Congress" | | [[Trinamool Congress|]] | 28 | Abhishek Banerjee | Diamond Harbour | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam" | | [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|]] | 22 | T. R. Baalu | Sriperumbudur | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Telugu Desam Party" | | [[Telugu Desam Party|]] | 16 | Lavu Sri Krishna Devarayalu | Narasaraopet | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="National Democratic Alliance" | | [[National Democratic Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #003366;" data-sort-value="Janata Dal (United)" | | JD(U) | 12 | Dileshwar Kamait | Supaul | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="National Democratic Alliance" | | [[National Democratic Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)" | | [[Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)|]] | 9 | Arvind Sawant | South Mumbai | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)" | | [[Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)|]] | 8 | Supriya Sule | Baramati | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #E3882D;" data-sort-value="Shiv Sena" | | Shiv Sena | 7 | Shrirang Barne | Maval | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="National Democratic Alliance" | | [[National Democratic Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)" | | [[Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)|]] | 5 | Chirag Paswan | Hajipur | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="National Democratic Alliance" | | [[National Democratic Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #FF0000;" data-sort-value="Communist Party of India (Marxist)" | | CPI (M) | 4 | K. Radhakrishnan | Alathur | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #008000;" data-sort-value="Rashtriya Janata Dal" | | RJD | 4 | Abhay Kushwaha | Aurangabad | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #1569C7;" data-sort-value="YSR Congress Party" | | [[YSR Congress Party|]] | 4 | P. V. Midhun Reddy | Rajampet | Others | |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #5bb30e;" data-sort-value="Aam Aadmi Party" | | AAP | 3 | Gurmeet Singh Meet Hayer | Sangrur | Others | |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian Union Muslim League" | | [[Indian Union Muslim League|]] | 3 | E. T. Mohammed Basheer | Malappuram | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #215B30;" data-sort-value="Jharkhand Mukti Morcha" | | [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|]] | 3 | Vijay Kumar Hansdak | Rajmahal | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Akali Dal (Waris Punjab De)" | | [[Akali Dal (Waris Punjab De)|]] | 2 | Sarabjeet Singh Khalsa | Faridkot | Others | |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)" | | [[Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation)|]] | 2 | Sudama Prasad | Arrah | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #FF0000;" data-sort-value="Communist Party of India" | | CPI | 2 | K. Subbarayan | Tiruppur | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Janata Dal (Secular)" | | [[Janata Dal (Secular)|]] | 2 | H. D. Kumaraswamy | Mandya | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="National Democratic Alliance" | | [[National Democratic Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Jammu & Kashmir National Conference" | | [[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference|]] | 2 | Aga Syed Ruhullah Mehdi | Srinagar | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Jana Sena Party" | | [[Jana Sena Party|]] | 2 | Vallabhaneni Balashowry | Machilipatnam | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="National Democratic Alliance" | | [[National Democratic Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Rashtriya Lok Dal" | | [[Rashtriya Lok Dal|]] | 2 | Dr. Rajkumar Sangwan | Baghpat | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="National Democratic Alliance" | | [[National Democratic Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi" | | [[Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi|]] | 2 | Thol. Thirumavalavan | Chidambaram | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Apna Dal (Soneylal)" | | [[Apna Dal (Soneylal)|]] | 1 | Anupriya Patel | Mirzapur | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="National Democratic Alliance" | | [[National Democratic Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Asom Gana Parishad" | | [[Asom Gana Parishad|]] | 1 | Phani Bhusan Choudhury | Barpeta | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="National Democratic Alliance" | | [[National Democratic Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="All India Majlis-E-Ittehadul Muslimeen" | | [[All India Majlis-E-Ittehadul Muslimeen|]] | 1 | Asaduddin Owaisi | Hyderabad | Others | |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="All Jharkhand Students Union" | | [[All Jharkhand Students Union|]] | 1 | Chandra Prakash Choudhary | Giridih | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="National Democratic Alliance" | | [[National Democratic Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Aazad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram)" | | [[Aazad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram)|]] | 1 | Chandrashekhar Azad | Nagina | Others | |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Bharat Adivasi Party" | | [[Bharat Adivasi Party|]] | 1 | Rajkumar Roat | Banswara | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Hindustani Awam Morcha" | | [[Hindustani Awam Morcha|]] | 1 | Jitan Ram Manjhi | Gaya | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="National Democratic Alliance" | | [[National Democratic Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Kerala Congress" | | [[Kerala Congress|]] | 1 | K. Francis George | Kottayam | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Nationalist Congress Party (post–2023)" | | [[Nationalist Congress Party (post–2023)|]] | 1 | Sunil Tatkare | Raigad | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="National Democratic Alliance" | | [[National Democratic Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam" | | [[Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|]] | 1 | Durai Vaiko | Tiruchirappalli | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Rashtriya Loktantrik Party" | | [[Rashtriya Loktantrik Party|]] | 1 | Hanuman Beniwal | Nagaur | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #FF0000;" data-sort-value="Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)" | | RSP | 1 | N.K. Premachandran | Kollam | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #FF9900;" data-sort-value="Shiromani Akali Dal" | | [[Shiromani Akali Dal|]] | 1 | Harsimrat Kaur Badal | Bathinda | Others | |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #ED1E26;" data-sort-value="Sikkim Krantikari Morcha" | | [[Sikkim Krantikari Morcha|]] | 1 | Indra Hang Subba | Sikkim | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="National Democratic Alliance" | | [[National Democratic Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="United People's Party Liberal" | | [[United People's Party Liberal|]] | 1 | Joyanta Basumatary | Kokrajhar | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="National Democratic Alliance" | | [[National Democratic Alliance|]] |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Voice of the People Party (Meghalaya)" | | [[Voice of the People Party (Meghalaya)|]] | 1 | Ricky AJ Syngkon | Shillong | Others | |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Zoram People's Movement" | | [[Zoram People's Movement|]] | 1 | Richard Vanlalhmangaiha | Mizoram | Others | |
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #DDDDDD;" data-sort-value="Independent" | | [[Independent|]] | 4 [9] | Baramulla | Others | ||
| style="width: 2px; background-color: #DDDDDD;" data-sort-value="Independent" | | [[Independent|]] | 3[10] | style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance" | | [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|]] | ||
| style="width: 2px; background-color: none;" data-sort-value="Casual vacancy" | | [[Casual vacancy|]] | 1 | NA | NA | ||
| Total | 543 | - | - | - | - | |
Delimitation
The next Lok Sabha delimitation in India is due after the first census following the year 2026. According to the 84th Amendment to the Constitution of India, the current freeze on the delimitation of constituencies is set to continue until the results of the first census taken after the year 2026 are published.[12]
Women's reservation
The introduction of women's reservation in the Lok Sabha is set to occur after the delimitation exercise based on the census following the year 2026. According to the 106th Amendment Act, 33% of the total seats will be directly allocated to women in the Lok Sabha and state legislative assemblies.[13]
Schedule
Chief Election Commissioner Rajiv Kumar has indicated that the 2029 elections would be over by the end of April to prevent heat from affecting voter turnout. Until 2004, the general elections were conducted between the cooler months of December and March.[14]
Electoral system
MPs are elected from single-member constituencies using first-past-the-post voting.
Eligible voters must be Indian citizens, 18 years or older, an ordinary resident of the polling area of the constituency and registered to vote (name included in the electoral rolls), possess a valid voter identification card issued by the Election Commission of India or equivalent. Some people convicted of electoral or other offences are barred from voting.
Article 83 of the Constitution of India requires elections to the Lok Sabha be held once every five years.
Opinion polling
References
- ↑ "Terms of the Houses". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 6 June 2024.
- ↑ Sinha, Shishir (5 June 2024). "NDA elects Modi as leader, President dissolves Lok Sabha". BusinessLine. Archived from the original on 5 June 2024. Retrieved 5 June 2024. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Aggarwal, Raghav (4 June 2024). "INDIA bloc's combined strength plays spoilsport for BJP in 2 biggest states". Business Standard. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 5 June 2024. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Aggarwai, Mithil; Frayer, Janis Mackey (4 June 2024). "India hands PM Modi a surprise setback, with his majority in doubt in the world's largest election". NBC News. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Poharel, Krishna; Lahiri, Tripti (3 June 2024). "India's Narendra Modi Struggles to Hold On to Majority, Early Election Results Show". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "7 Independents and 10 from non-aligned parties book LS seats". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 6 June 2024. Retrieved 8 June 2024. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "Lok Sabha elections: Meet seven candidates who won as independents". Archived from the original on 8 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "Who are the 7 independents elected to the Lok Sabha?". 7 June 2024. Archived from the original on 8 June 2024. Retrieved 8 June 2024. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "Winning Candidate (Independent)". Election Commission of India. Archived from the original on 5 June 2024. Retrieved 12 June 2024. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "TMC Basirhat MP Sk Nurul Islam dies at 61". The Times of India. 2024-09-25. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 2024-10-10.
- ↑ "TMC Basirhat MP Sk Nurul Islam dies at 61". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2024-10-10. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ R, Rangarajan (2024-02-06). "Understanding the delimitation exercise | Explained". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2024-06-08.
- ↑ "'God has given me the opportunity', says PM Modi as women quota bill tabled in LS". Hindustan Times. 19 September 2023.
- ↑ De, Abhishek (2024-06-03). "'Next Lok Sabha polls to be over by end of April': 5 big quotes by election body". India Today. Retrieved 2024-07-11.
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