North-West Frontier Theatre of WW1
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Background[edit]
Many operations occurred in the North-West Frontier Province through the late 1800s and all the way up to Indian Independence in 1947.[1] some operations occurred during WWI by pro-ottoman anti rebel tribes.[2] These forces fought on and off from Ottoman entry into the war all the way until Summer 1917.
Operations[edit]
Operations in the Tochi[edit]
There were two raids conducted by Kochi tribesman, They were later both suppressed by a single British brigade In March 1915.[3]
Operations against the Mohmands, Bunerwals and Swatis in 1915[edit]
Were a group of raids lead by pro-ottoman tribesman, It was later suppressed in September 1915.[3]
Mohmand blockade[edit]
was a blocked done on Mohmand tribesman following their declaration of Jihad. It was lifted following their suppression in 1917.[4]
Operations against the Mahsuds (1917)[edit]
A series of engagments in early 1917. A peace agreement was reached on 10 August 1917 with a Mahsud jirga.[4]
Central Powers Involvement[edit]
All of the Rebellions were caused from The ottomans declaring Jihad.[5] weapons were also smuggled through Afghanistan by the Provisional Government of India and Germany.[6]
Aftermath[edit]
Following the ending of the North-West Frontier Campaign many more similar rebellions continued until Indian independence.
See Also[edit]
- 1914 Ottoman jihad proclamation
- List of uprisings against Entente powers during World War I
- Provisional Government of India
- Hindu–German Conspiracy
References[edit]
- ↑ "Paris, John, (2 May 1912–14 June 1985), Director, National Army Museum, 1967–69", Who Was Who, Oxford University Press, 2007-12-01, doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u167857, retrieved 2024-05-23
- ↑ Baha, Lal (February 1970). "The North-West frontier in the first World War". Asian Affairs. 1 (1): 29–37. doi:10.1080/03068377008729519. ISSN 0306-8374.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Strachan, Hew (2003). The First World War. 1: To arms (1. publ. in paperback ed.). Oxford Berlin: Oxford Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0-19-926191-8. Search this book on
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Macro, Paul (2019). Action at Badama Post: the Third Afghan War ; 1919. Oxford Philadelphia: Casemate. ISBN 978-1-61200-760-1. Search this book on
- ↑ Noor, Farish A. (March 2011). "'Racial Profiling' Revisited: The 1915 Indian Sepoy Mutiny in Singapore and the Impact of Profiling on Religious and Ethnic Minorities". Politics, Religion & Ideology. 12 (1): 89–100. doi:10.1080/21567689.2011.564404. ISSN 2156-7689.
- ↑ Ansari, K. H. (July 1986). "Pan-Islam and the Making of the Early Indian Muslim Socialists". Modern Asian Studies. 20 (3): 509–537. doi:10.1017/s0026749x00007848. ISSN 0026-749X.
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