Orders of magnitude (density)

Skylab measured several orders of magnitude of the Sun's density (top scale: 10⁻¹⁸ to 10⁻⁶ g⋅cm⁻³, equivalent to 10⁻¹⁵ to 10⁻³ kg⋅m⁻³) at different temperatures and heights above its surface. See here for meanings of extra lines in the graph.

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List of orders of magnitude for density less than 1 kg/m³

Factor	Multiple	Value	Item
10−27	1 yg/m3	1 × 10−27 kg/m3	Very approximate density of the universe; roughly 1 fundamental particle/cubic meter
10−26
10−25
10−24	1 zg/m3
10−23
10−22	100 zg/m3	1 × 10−22 kg/m3	Probable lowest observed density of space in galactic spiral arm (1 hydrogen atom every 16 cubic centimeters)
10−21	1 ag/m3
10−20
10−19
10−18	1 fg/m3	1 × 10−18 kg/m3	Observed density of space in core of galaxy (600 hydrogen atoms in every cubic centimetre)
			Best vacuum from a laboratory (1 pPa)
10−17
10−16
10−15	1 pg/m3
10−14		2.0 × 10−14 kg/m3	(2.0 × 10−17 g/cm3) density of Sun's corona
10−13		1.0 × 10−13 kg/m3	(1.0 × 10−16 g/cm3) density at top of solar transition region
10−12	1 ng/m3
10−11		1.0 × 10−11 kg/m3	(1.0 × 10−14 g/cm3) density at bottom of solar transition region
10−10
10−9	1 μg/m3
10−8
10−7
10−6	1 mg/m3
10−5		1.34 × 10−5 kg/m3	Earth atmosphere at 82 kilometre altitude; star Mu Cephei's approximate mean density
10−4	0.1 g/m3	1.09 × 10−4 kg/m3	Earth atmosphere at 68 kilometre altitude
		2.0 × 10−4 kg/m3	(2.0 × 10−7 g⋅cm−3) Density of Solar photosphere–chromosphere boundary
		4.0 × 10−4 kg/m3	(4.0 × 10−7 g⋅cm−3) Density of Solar photosphere's lower boundary
10−3	1 g/m3	1 × 10−3 kg/m3	Vacuum from a mechanical vacuum pump; density of Sun just below its photosphere
10−2	10 g/m3	1.8 × 10−2 kg/m3	Earth atmosphere at 30 kilometre altitude
		9 × 10−2 kg/m3	Hydrogen gas, the least dense substance at STP
10−1	100 g/m3	1.6 × 10−1 kg/m3	Earth atmosphere at 16 kilometre altitude

List of orders of magnitude for density 1 kg/m³ and greater

Factor	Multiple	Value	Item
100	1 kg/m3	0.9 kg/m3 = 0.0009 g/cm3	Ultralight metallic microlattice.
		1.1 kg/m3 = 0.0011 g/cm3	Lowest density achieved for aerogel
		1.225 kg/m3 = 0.001225 g/cm3	Earth standard atmosphere at sea level (25°C, 1 atm)
101	10 kg/m3	10 kg/m3 = 0.01 g/cm3	Lowest density of typical aerogel
		65 kg/m3 = 0.065 g/cm3	Atmosphere of Venus at surface
102	100 kg/m3	500 kg/m3 = 0.5 g/cm3	Highest density of typical aerogel
		534 kg/m3 = 0.534 g/cm3	Lithium at near room temperature
		687kg/m3 = 0.687 g/cm3	Average density of planet Saturn
103	1 Mg/m3 1 t/m3	1000 kg/m3 = 1 g/cm3	Liquid water at 4 °C
		1030 kg/m3 = 1.030 g/cm3	Average density of liquid milk at 20 °C
		1062 kg/m3 = 1.062 g/cm3	Average human body density
		1270 kg/m3 = 1.27 g/cm3	Average density of planet Uranus
		1330 kg/m3 = 1.33 g/cm3	Average density of planet Jupiter
		1408 kg/m3 = 1.408 g/cm3	Average density of the Sun
		1640 kg/m3 = 1.64 g/cm3	Average density of planet Neptune
		1796 kg/m3 = 1.796 g/cm3	Average density of moon Io
		1830 kg/m3 = 1.83 g/cm3	Average density of moon Callisto
		1880 kg/m3 = 1.88 g/cm3	Average density of moon Titan
		1936 kg/m3 = 1.936 g/cm3	Average density of moon Ganymede
		3013±5 kg/m3 = 3.013±0.005 g/cm3	Average density of moon Europa
		3930 kg/m3 = 3.93 g/cm3	Average density of planet Mars
		5240 kg/m3 = 5.24 g/cm3	Average density of planet Venus
		5430 kg/m3 = 5.43 g/cm3	Average density of planet Mercury
		5515 kg/m3 = 5.515 g/cm3	Average density of the Earth
		7,874 kg/m3 = 7.87 g/cm3	Iron (Fe)
104	10,000 kg/m3	10,490 kg/m3 = 10.49 g/cm3	Silver (Ag)
		11,340 kg/m3 = 11.34 g/cm3	Lead (Pb)
		13,534 kg/m3 = 13.534 g/cm3	Mercury (Hg)
		19,100 kg/m3 = 19.1 g/cm3	Uranium (U)
		19,250 kg/m3 = 19.25 g/cm3	Tungsten (W)
		19,300 kg/m3 = 19.3 g/cm3	Gold (Au)
		21,450 kg/m3 = 21.45 g/cm3	Platinum (Pt)
		22,560 kg/m3 = 22.56 g/cm3	Iridium (Ir)
		22,590 kg/m3 = 22.59 g/cm3	Osmium (Os), the densest known substance at STP
		37,800 kg/m3 = 37.8 g/cm3	Fissioning uranium at 5.0 megabar (500 GPa) during implosion in a nuclear weapon
		41,000 kg/m3 = 41 g/cm3	Hassium (Hs), estimated density, assuming that an isotope featuring a long half-life exists
105	100,000 kg/m3	150,000 kg/m3 = 150 g/cm3	Core of the Sun
		159,000 kg/m3 = 159 g/cm3	Fusing deuterium at 12.5 gigabar (1.25 PPa) in a thermonuclear weapon
106	1 Gg/m3	1,560,000 kg/m3 = 1560 g/cm3	Uranium or plutonium at 100 gigabar (10 PPa) in fissile sparkplug of thermonuclear weapon
107
108
109	1 Tg/m3		White dwarf
1010
1011
1012	1 Pg/m3
1013		2 × 1013 kg/m3	Universe at end of the electroweak epoch (approximately)
1014
1015	1 Eg/m3
1016
1017		2 × 1017 kg/m3	Atomic nuclei and neutron stars
		4 × 1017 kg/m3 = 4 × 1014 g/cm3	density of a black hole

See also

• Density
• List of elements by density
• Air density
• Area density
• Bulk density
• Buoyancy
• Charge density
• Density prediction by the Girolami method
• Dord
• Energy density
• Lighter than air
• Linear density
• Number density
• Orders of magnitude
• Orthobaric density
• Paper density
• Specific weight
• Spice (oceanography)
• Standard temperature and pressure

External links

• ex.ac.uk—Conversion Calculator for Units of Density

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• Orders of magnitude (capacitance)
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