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Roger Dale Kamm

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Roger Dale Kamm
Born (1950-10-10) October 10, 1950 (age 73)
Wisconsin, U.S.
🏳️ NationalityAmerican
🎓 Alma materNorthwestern University
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
💼 Occupation
Known for3D cell culture and Biomechanics
🌐 WebsiteThe Kamm Mechanobiology Lab

Roger Kamm is the Cecil and Ida Green Distinguished Professor of Biological and Mechanical Engineering at MIT. He was one of the founding members of the Biological Engineering department when it was created in 1998. Roger Kamm is also a faculty member of the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research. Additionally, as Director of the EBICS NSF Science and Technology Center, Dr. Kamm has launched fundamental research and trained several students and postdocs in cellular bioengineering.

Education[edit]

Professor Kamm began his career at Northwestern University earning a degree in Mechanical Engineering in 1972. He subsequently earned both a Master's and a PhD in Mechanical Engineering at MIT. During his doctoral work in the Fluid Mechanics lab of Professor Ascher H. Shapiro, he developed an interest in biological flows through systems of collapsible vessels.[1] Since 1978, he has been a professor of Mechanical Engineering at MIT.

Contributions to medicine and biotechnology[edit]

Professor Kamm is widely regarded for his contributions to biomechanics. His interdisciplinary research over the past 35 years have addressed issues in the respiratory, ocular, and cardiovascular systems, achieving high impact as evidenced by an h-index over 100 with over 37,000 lifetime citations.[2]

Roger Kamm's research focuses on elucidating the fundamental nature of how cells sense and respond to mechanical stimuli, and use this knowledge to gain a deeper understanding of cell population behaviors such as emergence of form and function. Kamm's lab has contributed in this field in several ways, including the sensation of force by the airway epithelium in an asthmatic and the fundamental mechanisms of force-induced conformational change in focal adhesion proteins such as talin. In connection with asthma, cell culture studies performed in collaboration with J. Drazen, laid the groundwork for our understanding of how compression of the lateral intercellular space gave rise to enhanced activation of EGR signaling, contributing to an increase in the deposition of matrix in the submucosal region of the airway wall. His lab initiated cell culture studies that were continued by one of his graduate students, B. Ressler. Later, his lab focused on the molecular mechanisms of mechanotransduction, showing that conformational changes in talin led to recruitment of vinculin by force-induced activation of cryptic binding sites.

There have been three dominant models for cytoskeletal mechanics over the years: cellular solids, tensegrity, and biopolymer models. Debate continues as to which one is most applicable. His contribution has been to develop a computational, Brownian dynamics model of the cytoskeleton, capable of capturing most of the elastic and viscoelastic properties, including non-linear effects. The model has evolved over the years to the point that it now incorporates the effects of dynamic cross-links that form and rupture under force, and myosin II motors that generate internal tension. These models have recently been adapted to simulate process occurring in connection with cellular responses to stress and cell migration. His work in neuroscience includes studies on the molecular mechanisms by which small oligomers of the Alzheimer's protein form, of axon guidance due to gradients of chemoattractants, and the development of microfluidic platforms to study the formation of synapses between motor neurons and muscle, and the function of neuromuscular junctions.

Beginning in about 2005, Kamm's lab began to develop microfluidic platforms with 3D cell culture capabilities. One of the first platforms modeled angiogenesis. This led to a series of publications on both angiogenic sprouting and the formation of vascular networks by a vasculogenesis-like process. His lab now have the capability to grow perfusable, 3D vascular networks and are using these for a variety of other applications. Following the success of vascular network studies, his lab turned to applications in the context of metastatic cancer, reasoning that new in vitro models were needed to capture the complex, multi-cellular behaviors intrinsic to disease progression. This work has laid the foundation for studies of nearly every step in the process, from epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), to migration of cells through the extracellular matrix, intravasation, and adhesion and extravasation into the remote tissues.

Awards and honors[edit]

2001 Everett Moore Baker Memorial Award for Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching
2002 Eschbach Distinguished Visiting Scholar Award, Northwestern University
2004 Fellow, American Society of Mechanical Engineers
2004 Fellow, Biomedical Engineering Society[3]
2005 Fellow, International Academy of Medical and Biological Engineering
2010 Fellow, AAAS[4]
2010 The Lissner Medal (ASME) for career contributions in bioengineering
2010 Elected to the National Academy of Medicine
2011 Honorary Member (American Venous Forum)
2015 The Huiskes Medal (European Society of Biomechanics) for lifetime contributions
2018 The Nerem Medal (ASME) for contributions to education and mentoring[5]
2020 Shu Chien Award for Research Excellence (BMES Cell and Molecular BioEngineering)[6]

Patents[edit]

United States Patent 4,446,747 Kamm May 8, 1984 Method and apparatus for testing lip pressure applied to a smoking article and for calibrating the pressure testing apparatus
United States Patent 5,954,745 Gertler and Kamm, September 21, 1999
Catheter-filter set having a compliant seal (patent rights to Embolic Protection, Inc., subsequently purchased by Boston Scientific)
United States Patent 6,117,087 Kamm, et al. September 12, 2000 Method and apparatus for noninvasive assessment of a subject's cardiovascular system
United States Patent 6,605,053 Kamm, et al. August 12, 2003 Conduit designs and related methods for optimal flow control
PCT/US 20110159522 Application, Kamm et al., Filed April, 2008 Three-dimensional microfluidic platforms and methods of use thereof
Provisional patent application, Borenstein et al., October 6, 2009. Improvements to three-dimensional microfluidic platforms and methods of use thereof
PCT/US11/54029, Kamm et al., Filed October 19, 2010 Device for High Throughput Investigations of Multi-Cellular Interactions
United States Patent Application No. 13/743,223, Ragunath et al., Filed January 16, 2013 Compositions and Methods for Neovasuclarization

Startups[edit]

Roger Kamm co-founded AIM Biotech and CardioVascular Technologies. AIM Biotech produces microfluidic systems for 3D cell culture. CardioVascular Technologies focused on developing vascular filtration systems for carotid angioplasty was acquired by Boston Scientific.

References[edit]

  1. Kamm, Roger (1977). A study of external pneumatic compression for the prevention of deep venous thrombosis. MIT. p. 304. hdl:1721.1/37362. Search this book on
  2. Google Scholar https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tUpRgKwAAAAJ&hl=en. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  3. BMES Fellows https://www.bmes.org/content.asp?contentid=477. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. AAAS Fellows https://www.aaas.org/fellows/historic. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. The Nerem Medal https://www.asme.org/about-asme/honors-awards/achievement-awards/robert-nerem-education-mentorship-medal. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  6. Shu Chien Award for Research Excellence https://www.bmes.org/blog_home.asp?Display=276. Missing or empty |title= (help)

External links[edit]


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