Shikongo shaKalulu
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| Shikongo shaKalulu | |
|---|---|
| King of the Ondonga | |
| Reign | c. 1859–1874 |
| Predecessor | Shipanga shaAmukwiita |
| Successor | Kambonde I kaNankwaya |
| Died | 1874 Omandongo, Ondonga |
| Burial | |
Shikongo shaKalulu (also written Shikongo Kalulu; died 1874) was omukwaniilwa (king) of the Ondonga from about 1859 until his death. He kept court at Omandongo in what is now Onayena Constituency, Oshikoto Region. He is remembered for inviting the first Christian missionaries into northern Namibia and for a warrior reputation after he ousted his predecessor Shipanga shaAmukwiita.[1]
Reign
After King Nangolo dhaAmutenya died (c. 1857), Shipanga shaAmukwiita took the kingship. Shikongo defeated him in battle with help from Ovaherero and Nama fighters. Shipanga fled to Oukwanyama and later returned with Kwanyama allies; he was beaten again. Shikongo then settled at Okangili in Oshitambi and later at Omandongo. Some Herero stayed in Ondonga.
Oral accounts say he was the only left-handed king of Ondonga, a trait once thought unlucky for a ruler. He spoke Otjiherero and some Khoekhoegowab from contact with Nama parties who came north. He is described as a raiding king who kept pressure on neighbouring groups and as popular with his own subjects. The Museums Association of Namibia dates his reign c. 1858–1874; king lists usually give 1859–1874.
Missionaries
Shikongo sent a party to Otjimbingwe to ask for teachers. On 9 July 1870 the first Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Mission workers reached Ondonga. He placed children in the mission school. The later station at Olukonda, where Martti Rautanen (Nakambale) lived from 1880, grew out of that invitation; Shikongo himself was already dead by then.
Death and burial
He died in 1874 after some sixteen years as king. Tradition holds that he was murdered and that the queen consort and her mother were killed afterwards, accused of causing his death. He is buried at Omandongo, near the graves of Nehale lya Mpingana and the site of the 1870 missionary landing.
Vice-president Nangolo Mbumba laid a wreath at the grave during a northern tour.[2] He was succeeded by Kambonde I kaNankwaya, who moved the court to Onamungundo.
See also
References
- ↑ "Oombale Dhiihaka" (PDF). Museums Association of Namibia. Retrieved 2 September 2026.
- ↑ "Vice President visits Omukwaniilwa GwaNdonga Shikongo Shakalulu gravesite". NBC. Retrieved 2 September 2026.
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