Shrine Parishioner Registration
The Shrine Parishioner Registration act (氏子調 Ujiko shirabe) was a law in Japan that forcibly registered people in Shinto Shrines.[1]
It was implemented by the Meiji government from 1871 (Meiji 4) to 1873 . It is a religious policy that obliged citizens to become parishioners of local shrines (gosha) .[1]
The official name of the law is Dajokan Proclamation No. 322, "Investigation of parishioners at large and small shrines." It is also called parishioner rule or gosha parishioner system .[citation needed]
Overview
On August 19, 1871, the Meiji government promulgated Grand Council of State Proclamation No. 322, ``Daisho Jinja parishioner survey,'' and started the parishioner survey. The parishioner's law obliges the parishioner to become a parishioner of a shrine designated as a local shrine by the same law, and has the aspect of religious policy as well as the aspect of family register and identification. This can be said to be the successor system of the prehistoric Terauke system, which was abolished in September of the same year. To put it simply, the Shinto system replaced the obligation to become a parishioner of a Buddhist temple under the terauke system.[citation needed]
However, on May 29, 1873 , Daijokan Decree No. 180 was abolished after just two years.[citation needed]
As a religious policy, it has aspects of banning Christianity (strict prohibition of heresy) and revitalizing Shintoism, but as a domestic policy, it also has the aspect of supplementing the family register system and dividing administrative units.[citation needed]
Although it was a system that used Shinto shrines and Shintoism, authority such as the decision to issue issuance was concentrated in the head of the family, and Shinto priests simply filled in the formalities and processed statistics[citation needed]
Prehistory/Background
In the Edo period, the shogunate reformed religious sects in the wake of the ban on Christianity, establishing the terauke system and creating sectarian personal reform records. Before long, the original aspect of religious policy came to have a strong aspect of public administration, especially public surveys.[citation needed]
In 1867, the Meiji government was established by Taisei Hokan The Meiji government inherited some of the policies of the Edo shogunate, as seen in the bulletin board of Gohan, including the prohibition of Christianity, the reform of religion, and the terauke system. [citation needed]
The terauke system brought benefits such as administrative supplementation and stable activities of temples, but on the other hand, it became a hotbed of corruption and there was opposition. At the end of the Tokugawa shogunate, the rise of the idea of reverence for the emperor and the movement to make Shinto a national religion created a trend of Shinto superiority . go.[citation needed]
Against this background, the Meiji government came to establish parishioners instead of the terauke system.[citation needed]
In addition, the Family Register Act was enacted immediately before the policy was implemented, and one township was assigned to each family register ward consisting of 1,000 households.[citation needed]
See Also
References
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