Slanica
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Slanica | |
|---|---|
| Country |  Slovakia |
| Region | Žilina Region |
| District | Námestovo District |
| Population (2021) | |
| • Total | 0 |
| • Density | 0/km2 (0/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
Slanica (Hungarian: Szlanica) is a former village in the traditional region of Orava in northern Slovakia, within the present day Námestovo District. The village was one of several Oravan villages that were disbanded and demolished during the construction of the Orava Reservoir in the 1940s and 1950s.
History[edit]
The first written record about the village (as Zlanycha) originates in 1564. Slanica was established by the Kludovsky family, originally from the Dolný Kubín quarter of Kňažia, as part of the Vlach colonisation efforts in Hungary during the 15th-17th century.
The village's name derives from the term slaný, "salty", and slanica, "salty stream", "salty water", named after a series of salty-tasting springs and streams in the area. The small local river now known as Polhoranka was also historically referred to as Slanica.
Most of the local settlers were religiously Roman Catholic, but in its final centuries, the village included a Jewish community as well.
By the second half of the 18th century, cloth manufacturing became the main industry of local craftsmen, but later saw a decline during the 19th century. There was some emigration from the village to seek better fortunes.
By 1870, the village of Slanica had 150 houses and 1 068 inhabitants, by 1930, the number of houses grew to 168, but the number of permanent inhabitants had plumetted to just 329. The final population of Slanica in the late 1940s, before the eviction of the locals, demolition works and flooding of the area, was roughly 850 inhabitants.
Present day[edit]
With the minor exception of a few historical heritage buildings, almost the entirety of the former village is now flooded under the water level of the reservoir.
Cultural heritage monuments[edit]
A village church was constructed in Slanica during the 1760s, first as a chapel with Barocque and Classicist elements, erected on a hill overlooking the rest of the village. In the early 1840s, the large chapel was expanded into a full-sized rural church and given more overtly Classicist stylings. The church still survives, as the hill it stands on became a small island now known as Slanický ostrov.
In addition to the church, the village had its own rural calvary, consisting of fourteen chapels built and decorated in a vernacular style typical of Orava. Only a few of the chapels from the uppermost parts of the calvary survive, now standing atop the same island created in the 1950s. The rest of the calvary was demolished with the rest of the village in the 1950s.
A synagogue was also built in the village proper in the mid 19th century, around 1850. A century later, during the dismantling of the village, the synagogue was demolished along with it.
Notable people[edit]
The Bernolák family from Slanica fostered several influential cultural, scholarly and churchly personalities during the 18th century and early 19th century.
- Anton Bernolák (3 October 1763 - 15 January 1813) - cleric, intellectual, linguist and early Slovak patriot, author of the first serious attempt at standardising Slovak into a modern literary language (late 18th century)
Gallery[edit]
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Slanica Island seen from the shores of the reservoir
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Church on Slanica island, the last surviving major building of the village of Slanica
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Tourists visiting church on Slanica island
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Remnant chapel of the Slanica village calvary on the island
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Remnant chapel of the Slanica village calvary on the island
References[edit]
See also[edit]
- Slanický ostrov - Slanica Island on the Orava water reservoir is the last remnant of the former village, preserving its former church and some parts of its defunct calvary
External links[edit]
Coordinates: 49°24′25″N 19°31′04″E / 49.4069°N 19.5178°E
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