Socialist Party of Turkey
Socialist Party of Turkey Türkiye Sosyalist Fırkası | |
|---|---|
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| Last Leader | Hüseyin Hilmi |
| Founded | 1919 |
| Dissolved | 1922 |
| Headquarters | Istanbul |
| Ideology | Socialism |
| Political position | Left-wing |
The Socialist Party of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Sosyalist Fırkası, TSF) was a political party founded in 1919.
History
The party is the successor of the Ottoman Socialist Party.[1] Its chairman was the journalist Hüseyin Hilmi, who was in exile or prison after the 1913 Ottoman coup d'état. Hilmi returned to Istanbul after World War I and founded the TSF.[2]
He also founded the socialist weekly İştirak on 26 February 1919.[1][Note 1] Other leading members were Avnullah Kâzımî, Namık Hasan, Pertev, Tevfik, İbnil Tahir, İsmail Faik, Baha Tevfik, Hamid Suphi. After the fall of the Young Turks regime, the party was reactivated in 1919 under the leadership of Hüseyin Hilmi and Mustafa Fazıl under the name of Socialist Party of Turkey. The party had contact from the beginning with the Second International, it was also represented at its congresses in Bern, Amsterdam and Geneva. There was also a Workers' International Association in Istanbul, mainly made up of minorities, Greeks, Bulgarians and Jews.[3]
Although the founding in September 1919 by Dr. Şefik Hüsnü (Deymer) of the Turkish Workers and Peasants Socialist Party (Turkish: Türkiye İşçi ve Çiftçi Sosyalist Fırkası), leaning towards the Third International, led many members to leave the TSF, it successfully led the great strikes' wave of 1920.[4] In a short time the party, which basically organized trade union activities, won a lot of popularity among the workers. On the other hand, Hüseyin Hilmi successfully exploited the conflicts between the British garrison headquarters in Istanbul and the French firms. Therefore, he could get the support from British authorities in Istanbul.
After the conflicts between the French and English had been mitigated and the party had become a threat to international firms, the TSF lost its power. The firms founded and supported competing labor organizations such as Amele Siyanet Cemiyeti and forced the workers to become affiliated to these organizations. The compulsory membership in 1922 was one of the main reasons for the great defeat of the strike of streetcar workers. After this defeat, Hüseyin Hilmi was arrested and the party was dissolved.
Splinter party Independent Socialist Party (Turkish: Müstakil Sosyalist Fırkası) reported no success.
The Socialist Party of Turkey was organized almost only in Istanbul. It maintained distance from the Kemalists who led a national movement against the occupation of Anatolia, and the Communists who tried to unite the workers organizations. The TSF was more a trade union than a political party.
Notes
- ↑ born in Izmir, deceased on November 15, 1922 in Istanbul, he was nicknamed "İştirakçı Hilmi", "Socialist Hilmi", "İştirak" was the Ottoman Turkish language term for socialist, as in Arabic إشتراكي ishtirākiyy
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Temur, Haydar (2017). "Kendi Yayınları Çerçevesinde Osmanlı Sosyalist Fırkası Çevresinin Fikirleri". Atatürk Yolu Dergisi. 15 (60).
- ↑ "Türkiye solunun göz ardı edilen başlangıcı: Osmanlı Sosyalist Fırkası". Agos (in Türkçe). 17 February 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
- ↑ Benningsen, Alexandre; Lemercier-Quelquejay, Chantal (1977). Holt, Peter Malcolm; Lambton, Ann K. S; Lewis, Bernard, eds. Communism in the Central Islamic lands (chapter in The Cambridge history of Islam, Volume 1). Cambridge University Press. p. 304. ISBN 978-0-521-29136-1. Retrieved 2009-11-14. Search this book on
- ↑ "Türkiye Sosyalist Fırkası". Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
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