Square of Nine
The Square of Nine (originally called the Spiral Chart) is a tool of technical analysis which was first popularized by famous market forecaster W. D. Gann.[1][2][3] The chart first appeared in his corespondence course Master Charts[4], which is now a part of the W. D. Gann Master Commodities Course[5]. It is very similar to the Hexagon Chart[3], another chart described in the Master Charts course.
It is worth noting that Gann’s original use of the term “Square of Nine” refers to a completely different chart, and he referred to what is now known as the Square of Nine today as the “Spiral Chart”[4]. However, for some reason, later authors mixed up the terms and the name “Spiral Chart” has become much less popular today[2].
Construction[edit]
The Square of Nine consists of the integers arranged in the form of a square spiral.[6] One can construct it using a spreadsheet or graph paper. Place the number 1 in a central cell; to its left place the number 2; below that is 3, to the right of 3 is 4 and 5, then above 5 is 6 and then 7. To the left of 7 is 8 and then 9, which completes the first square. To the left of 9 place 10 to start a new square out, and below 10 place 11, and so on. Below is a simple example going up to 81:
| 81 | 80 | 79 | 78 | 77 | 76 | 75 | 74 | 73 |
| 50 | 49 | 48 | 47 | 46 | 45 | 44 | 43 | 72 |
| 51 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 42 | 71 |
| 52 | 27 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 20 | 41 | 70 |
| 53 | 28 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 19 | 40 | 69 |
| 54 | 29 | 12 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 18 | 39 | 68 |
| 55 | 30 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 38 | 67 |
| 56 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 66 |
| 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 |
Spiral direction[edit]
Regarding the direction of the spiral, it appears clockwise in some books[3] and counterclockwise in others[7]. In the original chart used by Gann, the direction was counterclockwise[1]. Patrick Mikula explains that it is best to spin the numbers counterclockwise, because, onto the Square of Nine, Gann liked to overlay astrological charts, most of which spin counterclockwise[7].
Angular value of each number[edit]
Zodiacal relationship in the Square of Nine[edit]
In the first volume of Gann Scientific Methods Unveiled[7], Patrick Mikula assigns the following method to overly the planetary positions on the chart:
- The axis going from 1 to 2,11, 28, and so on are 0° or 0° Aries, the spring equinox (in the Northern Hemisphere, same for below).
- The axis going from 1 to 4, 15, 34 and so on are 90° or 0° Cancer, the summer solstice.
- The axis going from 1 to 6, 19, 40, 69 and so on are 180° or 0° Libra, the autumn equinox.
- The axis going from 1 to 8, 23, 46, 77, etc. is 270° or 0° Capricorn, the winter solstice.
Simplified form and universal fomula[edit]
In Predicting Market Trends with Periodic Number Cycles[8], Carl A. Futia simplified the Square of Nine into a form which he calls the Octagon Chart. Basically, the Octagon Chart only records the numbers on the Square of Nine lying on the angles of the 8th harmonic. Here is an example:
| I | II | III | IV | V | VI | VII | VIII | IX | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0° | 2 | 11 | 28 | 53 | 86 | 127 | 176 | 233 | 298 |
| 45° | 3 | 13 | 31 | 57 | 91 | 133 | 183 | 241 | 307 |
| 90° | 4 | 15 | 34 | 61 | 96 | 139 | 190 | 249 | 316 |
| 135° | 5 | 17 | 37 | 65 | 101 | 145 | 197 | 257 | 325 |
| 180° | 6 | 19 | 40 | 69 | 106 | 151 | 204 | 265 | 334 |
| 225° | 7 | 21 | 43 | 73 | 111 | 157 | 211 | 273 | 343 |
| 270° | 8 | 23 | 46 | 77 | 116 | 163 | 218 | 281 | 352 |
| 315° | 9 | 25 | 49 | 81 | 121 | 169 | 225 | 289 | 361 |
To calculate any number in between these angles, Futia[8] provided a simple formula, which is described in the following table:
| Step | Description | Operation |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Let P be the number of which the angle you are trying to find. | P |
| 2 | Minus 1 from P | P−1 |
| 3 | Take the square root of (P−1). | (P−1)½ |
| 4 | Multiply (P−1)½ by 180, and then subtract 225 from it. | 180×(P−1)½−225 |
| 5 | Divide the answer is Step 4 by 360 and find the remainder. | MOD[180×(P−1)½−225,360] |
In all: for any natural number P>1, its approximate angular value A (in degrees) is given by:
A = MOD[180×(P−1)½−225,360]
For example, from the Octagon Chart, it is known that the angular value of 73 is 225°. Substitute P with 73 into the above formula:
A73 = MOD[180×(73−1)½−225,360] = MOD[180×8.4853−225,360] = 222.35, which is close to 225.
In Microsoft Excel, if the value of P is input in the cell A1, then the formula to calculate the angle is MOD(SQRT(A1)*180-225,360). In OpenOffice Calc, the same formula could be used except that the comma has to be replaced by a colon. Below are some examples using the formula in Excel:
| A | B | (The formula in B) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10 | 344.2099788 | <-- MOD(SQRT(A1)*180-225,360) |
| 2 | 20 | 219.9844719 | <-- MOD(SQRT(A2)*180-225,360) |
| 3 | 30 | 40.90060351 | <-- MOD(SQRT(A3)*180-225,360) |
Angular locations of perfect squares[edit]
As easily seen from the above numbers, the odd squares (9, 25, 49, etc.) progress along the 315° line on the chart. Conversely, the even squares move closely along the 45° line, which is in the exact opposite direction. This is different from the Hexagon Chart, when the perfect squares are always 210° away from each other.
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 William Delbert, Gann (1951). How to Make Profits Trading in Commodities: A Study of the Commodity Market (Revised ed.). Pomeroy, WA: Lambert Gann. ISBN 0-939093-0-22. Search this book on
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ferrera, Daniel T. (2001). The Gann Pyramid: Square of Nine Essentials. Santa Barbara, CA: Scared Science Institute. Search this book on
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Mikula, Patrick (2012). The Definitive Guide to Forecasting Using W. D. Gann’s Square of Nine (Revised ed.). Austin, TX: Mikula Forecasting Company. ISBN 978-0965051866. Search this book on
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Gann, William Delbert (1976). Master Charts. Pomeroy, WA: Lambert-Gann. Search this book on
- ↑ Gann, William Delbert (2004). Gillman, Damien, ed. The W. D. Gann Master Commodities Course. Wheels in the Sky. Search this book on
- ↑ Goldberg, Gary (12 December 2003). "Gann's Square Of Nine". Working Money. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Mikula, Patrick (2012). Gann’s Scientific Methods Unveiled. I (Revised ed.). Austin, TX: Mikula Forecasting Company. ISBN 978-0965051880. Search this book on
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Futia, Carl A. (1982). Predicting Market Trends with Periodic Number Cycles. Morris Plains, NJ: The Cyclic Forecast. Search this book on
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