Supercapitalism
Supercapitalism is typically argued by critics of modern capitalism to be a form of excessive capitalism that is intent on establishing an international order of global capitalism based on consumerism.[1]:3–5[2]:16
Prominent persons who have claimed the existence of supercapitalism include Italian Fascist dictator Benito Mussolini, and former U.S. Secretary of Labor, Robert Reich.[1]:3–5[2]:16
Mussolini and Fascism
In 1933, Benito Mussolini declared Italian Fascism's opposition to what he called supercapitalism. Mussolini claimed that capitalism had degenerated in three stages: beginning with dynamic or heroic capitalism (1830-1870), followed by static capitalism (1870-1914), and then reaching its final form of decadent capitalism, known as supercapitalism, which began in 1914.[3]
Mussolini argued that Italian Fascism was in favour of dynamic and heroic capitalism for its contribution to industrialism and technical developments, but claimed that it did not favour supercapitalism, which he claimed was incompatible with Italy's agricultural sector.[4] Mussolini denounced supercapitalism for causing the "standardization of humankind" and for promoting "unlimited consumption."[5][6]
Reich
Robert Reich has criticized modern free-market capitalism as having become excessive, in that originally it was believed that democracy and capitalism were correlated but over time an extreme form of capitalism has developed in the world, which has weakened democracy.<ref>ref name=":0" />:3–5 Reich asserts that this form of "supercapitalism" in its objective to create a global form of capitalism has favoured authoritarian governments, has ignored widening disparities of wealth between the rich and the poor, has jeopardized workers' rights, and has promoted excessive consumerism.[1]:4,7
See also
- Corporatocracy
- Crony capitalism
- Socialism for the rich and capitalism for the poor
- Corporate welfare
- Managerial state
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Reich, Robert. 2008. Supercapitalism: The Transformation of Business, Democracy, and Everyday Life (2nd ed.). Random House, Inc.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Mussolini, Benito. 1935. Four speeches on the corporate state: with an appendix including the labour charter, the text of laws on syndical and corporate organisations and explanatory notes. Laboremus. p. 16.
- ↑ Falasca-Zamponi. Pp. 136.
- ↑ Falasca-Zamponi. 2000. Pp. 136.
- ↑ Falasca-Zamponi. Pp. 137.
- ↑ Mussolini, 1935. Pp. 16. "At this stage, supercapitalism finds inspiration and justification in the Utopia of unlimited consumption."
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