Svetislav Stefanović
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Svetislav Stefanović (Novi Sad, 1 November 1877 - Belgrade, November 1944) was a poet, critic, translator, essayist, playwright, physician during the interwar in Yugoslavia.
Svetislav Stefanović was a doctor by profession, founder of the Department of Pathology, and president and founder of the Yugoslav Medical Association. He participated in Balkan Wars and World War I, and was a recipient of awards several times. He was president Serbian Literary Guild. He was the director of the Belgrade Directorate for Social and Health Care, until 1934.[1] His granddaughter is composer Ivana Stefanović.
The apologist of fascism[edit]
The arrival of the National Socialists in power in Germany influenced Stefanović to give up his previous understandings and accept the ideas that came from Italy and Germany. Svetislav Stefanović began his phase as an apologist of fascism in 1934 with a series of articles in Vreme about the renaissance of nationalism in Europe. [2] In this series of articles, Stefanović began advocating the existence of superior races in 1935, although only a year earlier had he claimed that there were no superior and inferior races. [3]
As the president of the SKZ Publishing House during the German occupation of Yugoslavia in the Second World War, he was one of the mainstays of German propaganda. He advocated a change in the literary and cultural activities of the SKZ in order to favour German literature "as one of the main sources from which the best, most useful for Serbian culture will be drawn." [4] He published propaganda texts in favour of the Germans.
He was resented for being the 1937 translator of Benito Mussolini's book "On the Corporate State". He was executed[5] in 1944 as an enemy of the people and a war criminal.
Literary work[edit]
He was modernist and avant-garde. He published poetry in the following newspapers and magazines: "Stražilovo" (1893), "Brankovo kolo" (1911-1914), "Bosanska vila" (1911-1914), "Hrvatskosrpski almanah" (1911). ), Letopis Matice srpske (1913, 1926, 1928), Srpski glasnik (1916-1917), Srpski književni glasnik (1914), Delo (1914), ' "Vihor" (1914), "Srpske novine" (1916), "Zabavnik" (1917-1918), "Dan" (1919), "Kritika" (1921-1922), " "Thought" (1919, 1922, 1923), "Republic" (1922, 1923, 1924), "Time" (1926), etc. He has also published the following books of poetry:
- "Poems original and translated I, II, III", Mostar, 1903, 1904, 1905.
- "Sun and shadows", Belgrade, 1912.
- "Stanzas and rhythms", Belgrade, 1919.
- "Borders", Belgrade, 1926.
Literary critics from Skerlić's circle denied him poetic talent.[6] Literary editor Gojko Tešić says that his "critical engagement in defending the concept of modern Serbian poetry" is much more important than Stefanović's poetry. He defended Vladislav Petković Dis' poetry in an article entitled "Honor and Freedom to Creators!" which appeared in Brankovo kolo on 15 November 1911; significant is also the essays in Bosanska vila (1912-1913), Više slobode stiha, Stih ili pesma?; and in the interwar period he defended modernist poetry, especially in the essay "Alarm of Criticism and the Youngest Modern" ("Thought", 1921) and in a controversy with Marko Car ("Thought and Politics").
Stefanović was known as a critic by his contemporaries. He thought that too much energy was being spent on the war with the old art, instead of releasing the new one. He criticized the artificial construction and lack of intuition and spontaneity in avant-garde poetry. He believed in rebellion, a renewal mission, believing that they represented a refreshment for the arts. However, in the 1930s, Svetislav Stefanović abandoned the concept he advocated, renounced modernism, became conservative and switched to the literary right.
Literature[edit]
- Gojko Tešić: "Anthology of Serbian Avant-garde Poetry 1902—1934", Svetovi, Novi Sad, 1994.
- Gojko Tešić: "Serbian avant-garde in a polemical context", Novi Sad, Svetovi, 1991.
- Stanislav Vinaver: Sun and shadows. Songs of Mr. Svetislava Stefanovića , Štampa, XI / 180, 2. VII 1912.
- Milivoj Nenin: "Svetislav Stefanović - before
References[edit]
- Translated and adapted from Serbian Wikipedia: https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%9B_(%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80)
- ↑ "Vreme", 27 .dec. 1934
- ↑ Milosavljević 2010a, pp. 77.
- ↑ Milosavljevic 2010b, pp. 42.
- ↑ Petranović 1992, pp. 424.
- ↑ Pero Simić: "Tito and the Serbs", Belgrade 2016
- ↑ "Serbian people", August 30, 1943
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