Textual variants in the First Epistle of John

Textual variants in the First Epistle of John are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

Most of the variations are not significant and some common alterations include the deletion, rearrangement, repetition, or replacement of one or more words when the copyist's eye returns to a similar word in the wrong location of the original text. If their eye skips to an earlier word, they may create a repetition (error of dittography). If their eye skips to a later word, they may create an omission. They may resort to performing a rearranging of words to retain the overall meaning without compromising the context. In other instances, the copyist may add text from memory from a similar or parallel text in another location. Otherwise, they may also replace some text of the original with an alternative reading. Spellings occasionally change. Synonyms may be substituted. A pronoun may be changed into a proper noun (such as "he said" becoming "Jesus said"). John Mill's 1707 Greek New Testament was estimated to contain some 30,000 variants in its accompanying textual apparatus which was based on "nearly 100 [Greek] manuscripts." Peter J. Gurry puts the number of non-spelling variants among New Testament manuscripts around 500,000, though he acknowledges his estimate is higher than all previous ones.

Legend

A guide to the symbols used in the body of this article.

• number beginning with "0": uncial
• number not beginning with "0": minuscule
• Byz: Byzantine text-type
• cop: Coptic versions
• eth: Ethiopian versions
• ƒ: Family
• geo: Georgian versions
• it: Itala (Old Latin/Vetus Latina)
• lat: Vulgate and some Itala versions
• 𝔐: Majority Text
• mss: manuscripts
• ${\mathfrak {P}}$: papyrus
• ℓ or Lect.: lectionary
• rell: reliqui; "all other manuscripts"
• slav: Slavic versions
• syr: Syriac versions
• TR (or "ς"): Textus Receptus
• vg: Vulgate

Notable manuscripts

• א: Codex Sinaiticus (01)
• A: Codex Alexandrinus (02)
• B: Codex Vaticanus (03)
• C: Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (04)
• K^ap (K): Codex Mosquensis I (018)
• L^ap (L): Codex Angelicus (020)
• P^apr (P): Codex Porphyrianus (025)
• Ψ: Codex Athous Lavrensis (044)

Notable textual variants

1 John 1:4

ἡμῶν] (our) – ‭א, B, L, Ψ, 049, 69, 88, 181, 322, 326, 436, 1067, 1175, 1241, 1409, pm, Lect, it^ar, it^p, it^t(pt),, it^z, vg^ww, vg^st, cop^sa, geo, Ps-Oecumenius^comm, Theophylact^comm, TR^{Stephens 1550}, WH

ὑμῶν] (your) – (see John 16:24) A, C, K, P, 056, 0142, 5, 6, 33, 81, 104, 323, 330, 442, 451, 468, 614, 629, 630, 945, 1241, 1292, 1505, 1611, 1735, 1739, 1844, 1852, 1877, 1881, 2138, 2298, 2344, 2412, 2464, 2495, Byz, l422, l598, l938, l1021, it^ar, it^c, it^dem, it^div, it^t(pt), vg^cl, syr^h, syr^pal, cop^bo, arm, eth, slav, Augustine, Ps-Oecumenius^text, Bede, Theophylact^text, TR^{Scrivener 1894} Dio

ἡμῶν ἐν ὑμῖν] syr^p

1 John 1:5

αγγελια – A, B, Byz

επαγγελια – C, P, 33, 69, 81, 323, 614, 630, 945, 1241, 1505, 1739, 2495

αγαπη της επαγγελιας – Ψ

1 John 4:3

τὸν Ἰησοῦν] (Jesus) – A, B, 322, 323, 945, 1241, 1739, (1881 omit τὸν), 2298, it^c, it^div, it^p, it^q, it^z, vg, cop^bo, Irenaeus^lat, Irenaeus^{according to 1739mg}, Clement^{according to 1739mg}, Tertullian^1/2, Origen^gr, Origen^lat(2/3), Lucifer Priscillian^1/3, Tyconius^1/3, Didymus^lat, Cyril^4/5, Fulgentius^1/2, mss^{according to Socrates}, WH

Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν] (Jesus Christ) – 629*, 1735, it^ar, it^dem, vg^mss, Tertullian^1/2, Cyril^1/5

τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἐν σαρκὶ ἐληλυθότα] (Jesus is come in the flesh) – Ψ, (33, 2344 ἐληλυθέναι), 81, 436, 630, 1067, 1409, 1505, 1611, 1852, 2138, (2464 omit τὸν), 2495, vg^ms, syr^p, syr^h, arm, geo, Tyconius^1/3, Augustine^2/16, (Theodoret)

Ἰησοῦν κύριον ἐν σαρκὶ ἐληλυθότα] (Jesus Lord is come in the flesh) – ‭א

τὸν Χριστόν (Christ) – cop^sa cop^bo(mss)

Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν ἐν σαρκὶ ἐληλυθότα] (Jesus Christ is come in the flesh) – (see 1 John 4:2) K, 056, 0142, 181, 330, (614, 2412 τὸν Χριστόν Ἰησοῦν) 629^c, 1243, 1292, 1844, (1846 τὸν Χριστόν), 2127, 2492, Byz^pt, Lect, (ℓ⁸⁸³ omit ἐν σαρκὶ), it^l, eth, slav, (Polycarp), Origen^lat(1/3), (Cyprian), Priscillian^2/3, Tyconius^1/3, (Tyconius^1/3), Ambrose^2/3, (Ambrose^1/3), Marcus Eremita^vid, Augustine^9/16, (Augustine^5/16), Fulgentius^1/2, Ps-Oecumenius, Theophylact

τὸν Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν ἐν σαρκὶ ἐληλυθότα] (Jesus Christ is come in the flesh) – L, 049, 88, 104, 326, 451, 1175, Byz^pt, ℓ⁵⁹⁰, ℓ^AD, TR, Dio

1 John 5:6

δι' ὕδατος καὶ αἵματος (through water and blood) – B, K, Ψ, 049, 056, 0142, 181, 330, 451, 629, 1739*, 1881, 2127, Byz, Lect, it, vg, syr^p

δι' ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος (through water and spirit) – 43, 241, 463, 945, 1241, 1831, 1877*, 1891

δι' ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος καὶ αἵματος (through water and spirit and blood) – P, 81, 88, 442, 630, 915, 2492, arm, eth

δι' ὕδατος καὶ αἵματος καὶ πνεύματος (through water and blood and spirit) – א, A, 104, 424^c, 614, 1739^c, 2412, 2495, ℓ^598m, syr^h, cop^sa, cop^bo, Origen

δι' ὕδατος καὶ αἵματος καὶ πνεύματος ἁγίου (through water and blood and the Holy Spirit) – 61, 326, 1837

5:7b-8a

Main article: Comma Johanneum

See also

• Alexandrian text-type
• Biblical inerrancy
• Byzantine text-type
• Caesarean text-type
• Categories of New Testament manuscripts
• Comparison of codices Sinaiticus and Vaticanus
• List of New Testament verses not included in modern English translations
• List of major textual variants in the New Testament
• Textual variants in the New Testament
• Western text-type

Further reading

• Novum Testamentum Graece et Latine, ed. E. Nestle, K. Aland, Stuttgart 1981.
• Bruce M. Metzger & Bart D. Ehrman, "The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration", OUP New York, Oxford, 4 edition, 2005
• Bart D. Ehrman, "The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture. The Effect of Early Christological Controversies on the Text of the New Testament", Oxford University Press, New York - Oxford, 1996, pp. 223–227.
• Bruce M. Metzger, "A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament: A Companion Volume to the United Bible Societies' Greek New Testament", 1994, United Bible Societies, London & New York.

External links

• The Comparative Critical Greek New Testament
• Variantes textuais
• Varianten Textus receptus versus Nestle-Aland

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• List (textual criticism)
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• List of major textual variants in the New Testament

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