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The Right Honourable

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki


Not to be confused with The Honourable or The Most Honourable.
This engraving of George Cornewall Lewis includes The Right Honourable in its caption, reflecting the Home Secretary position he held at the time of its creation.

The Right Honourable (abbreviation: Rt Hon. or variations) is an honorific style traditionally applied to certain persons and collective bodies in the United Kingdom, the former British Empire and the Commonwealth of Nations. The term is predominantly used today as a style associated with the holding of certain senior public offices in the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand, and to a lesser extent, Australia.

Right in this context is an adverb meaning 'very' or 'fully'.[1] Grammatically, The Right Honourable is an adjectival phrase which gives information about a person.[2] As such, it is not considered correct to apply it in direct address, nor to use it on its own as a title in place of a name; but rather it is used in the third person along with a name or noun to be modified.[3][4][lower-alpha 1]

Right may be abbreviated to Rt, and Honourable to Hon., or both. The is sometimes dropped in written abbreviated form, but is always pronounced.

Countries with common or current usage[edit]

United Kingdom[edit]

Entitlement[edit]

Queen Victoria holding a meeting of her Privy Council. All privy counsellors are styled Right Honourable (unless they are personally entitled to a higher style).
The parliamentary robes of a baron, worn by Lord Montagu of Beaulieu. Peers of the rank of baron, viscount or earl are entitled to the style Right Honourable.
Gavyn Farr Arthur, the 675th Lord Mayor of London, was entitled to be styled "The Right Honourable Lord Mayor of London" during his year in office.

According to the British government,[5] the following persons are entitled to be styled Right Honourable:

Members of the Privy Council
The Privy Council is notionally the body of formal advisors to the sovereign. Members of the Cabinet, senior politicians, and some few other officials are appointed as members for life, and are personally entitled to be styled Right Honourable thereafter.[6][7]
Peers below the rank of marquess
Earls and countesses,[8] viscounts and viscountesses[9] and barons and baronesses[10] who hold a substantive title (whether hereditary or life) are personally entitled to the style Right Honourable.[11] A peer's wife or widow also has a legal right to the style of her husband.
The lord mayors and lord provosts of certain cities (ex officio)
The lord mayors of London, Cardiff, Belfast, Bristol and York and the lord provosts of Edinburgh and Glasgow are styled Right Honourable while in office.

Privy counsellors[edit]

Privy counsellors are appointed by the sovereign on the advice of the prime minister, and remain members for life unless they resign or are expelled. In practice, membership of the privy council is granted to:

  • all members of the Cabinet (itself technically a committee of the Privy Council), and certain other senior ministers in the government;
  • senior members of the Shadow Cabinet, the leaders of the major political parties in parliament, and the Speaker of the House of Commons;
  • the first ministers of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, and the leader of the largest opposition party in the Scottish Parliament;
  • the two archbishops of the Church of England, who sit in the House of Lords ex officio;
  • senior judges, who fulfil the judicial functions of the Privy Council;
  • senior representatives of the Commonwealth nations; and
  • senior members of the Royal Family.

A large proportion of the former and current prominent politicians of the United Kingdom are thus entitled to be styled Right Honourable.

No new appointments have been made to the Privy Council of Northern Ireland since 1971, but surviving appointed members remain entitled to the style. Non-British Commonwealth-citizen judges appointed to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council are also entitled to the style, although the appellation may be ignored in the judge's home country.

It is the current practice of the House of Lords[12] and the College of Arms to apply the style Right Honourable to privy counsellors only.[13]

Peers[edit]

All holders of a substantive peerage below the rank of marquess are entitled to be styled Right Honourable,[lower-alpha 2] as are their wives and widows. However, a peer's heir who uses a courtesy title is not accorded the corresponding style. Peers above the rank of earl are entitled to different styles: dukes and duchesses are styled The Most Noble or His or Her Grace, and marquesses and marchionesses are styled as The Most Honourable.

In order to differentiate peers who are also members of the Privy Council—and therefore entitled to a style in both capacities—from peers who are not, the post-nominal letters PC can be used to identify the privy counsellors.[lower-alpha 3] This applies to peers of all rank, as a holder of a dukedom or marquessate who becomes a Privy Counsellor retains their higher style and so could not be identified without the letters. In practice, in contexts where there might be confusion, official publications use the style Right Honourable exclusively to identify privy counsellors.[27][13]

Lord mayors, lord provosts and other officers[edit]

The lord mayors of London, Cardiff, Belfast and York; and the lord provosts of Edinburgh and Glasgow are all entitled to be styled Right Honourable while in office. The lord mayors of Belfast and Cardiff are so entitled by an explicit grant from the sovereign, and the others through ancient custom.[5] The style is used with the name of the office, not the personal name of the office-holder, e.g. "The Right Honourable Lord Mayor of London" or "The Right Honourable the Lord Provost of the City of Edinburgh".[28]

Other lord mayors may be styled Right Worshipful, and other lord provosts do not use a style. By the 1920s, a number of city mayors, including the Lord Mayor of Leeds,[29] were unofficially using the style Right Honourable, and the matter was consequently raised in parliament. The Lord Mayor of Bristol at present still uses the style Right Honourable, without official permission.[30][31] In guidance issued in June 2003, the Crown Office recommended that the lord provosts of Aberdeen and Dundee be styled Right Honourable in the same manner as those of Edinburgh and Glasgow.[28]

The Chairman of the London County Council (LCC) was granted the style in 1935 as part of the celebrations of the silver jubilee of King George V.[32] The Chairman of the Greater London Council (GLC), the body that replaced the LCC in 1965, was similarly granted the style[33] until the GLC was abolished in 1986.

Right Honourable is also used as a style by the Lord Lyon King of Arms in office,[34][35][36] preceding his title rather than his personal name, as with other applications ex officio.

In the House of Commons[edit]

In the House of Commons, members use honourable and right honourable when referring to one another.

In the chamber of the House of Commons, members are not permitted to address each other directly, nor to name other members, but must instead address the speaker and refer to other members indirectly. This practice is intended to enforce a polite tone to maintain order and good honour.[37] Members generally refer to one another as "my honourable friend" if in the same party, and "the honourable gentleman/lady/member" otherwise. If needed, constituencies ("the honourable member for ...") or ministerial offices (e.g. "my honourable friend the prime minister") can be used for clarity.[lower-alpha 4]

Referring to one another as honourable is merely a courtesy used within the House, and is not a style used outside the chamber. However, when a member is in fact entitled to be styled Right Honourable (in practice always through membership of the Privy Council), they are referred to as such in the chamber. Further embellishments are traditionally applied to clergy (reverend), military officers (gallant) and barristers (learned), a practice recommended to be abolished following a 2010 report of the Modernisation Committee but in practice continued.[38][39] In summary:

  • "Honourable" is used for members who are not privy counsellors.
  • "Right honourable" is used for members who are privy counsellors.
  • "(Right) honourable and reverend" may be used for clergy.[40]
  • "(Right) honourable and gallant" may be used for military officers.[41][42]
  • "(Right) honourable and learned" may be used for barristers.[43][44]

Collective entities[edit]

Right Honourable is added as a prefix to the name of various collective entities, including:

  • "The Right Honourable the Lords Spiritual and Temporal in Parliament Assembled", i.e. the House of Lords.
  • "The Right Honourable the Knights, Citizens and Burgesses in Parliament Assembled",[45] i.e. the House of Commons.[lower-alpha 5]
  • "The Right Honourable the Lords of the Privy Council", i.e. the Privy Council
  • "The Right Honourable the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty", i.e. the former Board of Admiralty

Canada[edit]

Further information: Canadian honorifics

In Canada, occupants of only the three most senior public offices are styled as Right Honourable (Le/La très honorable in French). Formerly, this was by virtue of their appointment to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom. However, Canadian appointments to the British Privy Council were ended by the government of Lester Pearson. Currently, individuals who hold, or have held, one of the following offices are awarded the style of Right Honourable for life:

The Right Honourable is not to be confused with His or Her Excellency, used by governors general during their term of office, or The Honourable, used only while in office by provincial premiers and cabinet ministers, and for life by senators and members of the King's Privy Council for Canada (chiefly cabinet ministers, as well as other figures such as party leaders or provincial premiers who may be appointed from time to time).

The title may also be granted for life by the Governor General to eminent Canadians who have not held any of the offices that would otherwise entitle them to the style. This has been done on two occasions: to eight prominent political figures to mark the 125th anniversary of Canadian Confederation in 1992,[lower-alpha 6] and to longtime Member of Parliament Herb Gray upon his retirement in 2002.

Living Canadians holding the style The Right Honourable
Person Birthplace Office Born Granted
Justin Trudeau Ottawa, Ontario Prime Minister December 25, 1971 November 4, 2015
Stephen Harper Toronto, Ontario Former Prime Minister April 30, 1959 February 6, 2006
Paul Martin Windsor, Ontario Former Prime Minister August 28, 1938 December 12, 2003
Jean Chrétien Shawinigan, Quebec Former Prime Minister January 11, 1934 November 4, 1993
Kim Campbell Port Alberni, British Columbia Former Prime Minister March 10, 1947 June 25, 1993
Brian Mulroney Baie-Comeau, Quebec Former Prime Minister March 20, 1939 September 17, 1984
Joe Clark High River, Alberta Former Prime Minister June 5, 1939 June 4, 1979
Mary Simon Fort Severight, Quebec Governor General August 21, 1947 July 26, 2021
Julie Payette Montreal, Quebec Former Governor General October 20, 1963 October 2, 2017
David Johnston Sudbury, Ontario Former Governor General June 28, 1941 October 1, 2010
Michaëlle Jean Port-au-Prince, Haiti Former Governor General September 6, 1957 September 27, 2005
Adrienne Clarkson Hong Kong Former Governor General February 10, 1939 October 7, 1999
Edward Schreyer Beausejour, Manitoba Former Governor General December 21, 1935 January 22, 1979
Richard Wagner Montreal, Quebec Chief Justice April 2, 1957 December 18, 2017
Beverley McLachlin Pincher Creek, Alberta Former Chief Justice September 7, 1943 January 7, 2000

Over the years, a number of prominent Canadians became members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom and thus were entitled to use the style Right Honourable, either because of their services in Britain (e.g. serving as envoys to London) or as members of the Imperial War Cabinet, or due to their prominence in the Canadian Cabinet. These included all but three of Canada's early prime ministers (Alexander Mackenzie, John Abbott, and Mackenzie Bowell), who governed before the title was used domestically.

New Zealand[edit]

Previously in New Zealand the prime minister and some other senior cabinet ministers were customarily appointed to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom and thus styled Right Honourable.[47]

In her resignation honours, the former prime minister Helen Clark did not recommend the appointment of any new privy counsellors. In 2009 it was announced that her successor, John Key, had decided not to make any further recommendations to the Crown for appointments to the Privy Council.[48]

In August 2010, the Queen of New Zealand announced that, with immediate effect, individuals who hold, and those persons who after the date of the signing of these rules are appointed to, the following offices are awarded the style Right Honourable for life:[47]

This change was made because the practice of appointing New Zealanders to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom had ceased. However, the change had little immediate effect, as all but two of the holders or living former holders of the offices granted the style had already been appointed to the Privy Council.[49][50]

The living New Zealanders holding the style Right Honourable as a result of membership of the Privy Council are:

The living New Zealanders holding the style The Right Honourable for life as a result of the 2010 changes are:

Name Reason Date Granted
Sir Anand Satyanand Former Governor-General 2 August 2010
Sir John Key Former Prime Minister
Sir Lockwood Smith Former Speaker of the House of Representatives
Sir Jerry Mateparae Former Governor-General 31 August 2011
Sir David Carter Former Speaker of the House of Representatives 31 January 2013
Dame Patsy Reddy Former Governor-General 28 September 2016
Sir Bill English Former Prime Minister 12 December 2016
Jacinda Ardern Former Prime Minister 26 October 2017
Trevor Mallard Former Speaker of the House of Representatives 7 November 2017
Dame Helen Winkelmann Chief Justice 14 March 2019
Dame Cindy Kiro Governor-General 21 October 2021
Adrian Rurawhe Speaker of the House of Representatives 24 August 2022
Chris Hipkins Prime Minister 25 January 2023

East Africa[edit]

During the periods of its existence, the Prime Minister of Kenya was styled Right Honourable. The prime ministers of Namibia and Uganda are both currently styled with the same honorific. The speaker and deputy speaker of the Parliament of Uganda are also entitled to the style.

Caribbean[edit]

The prime ministers of Grenada, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobago are styled as Right Honourable. The West Indies Federation prime minister was also styled as such during that office's short existence.

Nepal[edit]

In Nepal, the president, speaker of the House of Representatives, prime minister and chief justice of the Supreme Court are formally styled Right Honourable (Nepali: सम्माननीय, romanized: Sam'mānanīya). Ministers, members of parliament (Lower and Upper Houses and provincial parliaments) and Chief ministers of provinces are styled "Honourable" only. It is usually joked during informal discussions about the use of the word "Honourable" to differentiate senior and less senior government dignitories. It can also be spelled in English as The Rt. Hon’ble.

South Korea[edit]

In South Korea, the President, Prime Minister, Speaker of the National Assembly and Chief Justice can use the Right Honourable style.[citation needed]

Countries with rare or historic usage[edit]

Australia[edit]

In Australia, the lord mayors of Adelaide, Brisbane, Hobart, Melbourne, Perth and Sydney are entitled to be styled Right Honourable while in office.

Historically, a number of Australians were entitled to the style as members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Appointment to the Australian equivalent of the Privy Council, the Federal Executive Council, does not entitle a person to the style. Typical appointees to the Imperial Privy Council included senior politicians and judges at state and federal level. Malcolm Fraser in 1976 was the most recent prime minister to accept appointment to the Privy Council and thus to be styled Right Honourable. Of his 21 predecessors, only four were not members of the Privy Council – Alfred Deakin (declined appointment), Chris Watson (never offered), Arthur Fadden (accepted after leaving office), and Gough Whitlam (declined appointment). The last Governor-General to be entitled to the style was Sir Ninian Stephen, who left office in 1988. The last active politician to be entitled to the style was Ian Sinclair, who retired in 1998. The few Australian recipients of British peerages were also entitled to the style.

Present-day Australian governments no longer recommend Australians for elevation to the peerage or appointment to the Privy Council. However, some present-day Australian citizens either hold hereditary peerages (e.g. Malcolm Murray, 12th Earl of Dunmore) or have been awarded life peerages on the recommendation of the UK government (e.g. Trixie Gardner, Baroness Gardner of Parkes).

Living Australians holding the style The Right Honourable Reason Formerly
Ian Sinclair, AC Member of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom Former Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives
Sir William Heseltine, GCB, GCVO, AC Member of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom Former Private Secretary to the Sovereign
Trixie Gardner, Baroness Gardner of Parkes, AM, JP Life peer and House of Lords member Former Councillor on the Westminster City Council
Malcolm Murray, 12th Earl of Dunmore Earl of Dunmore Former Member of the House of Lords
Robert Fiennes-Clinton, 19th Earl of Lincoln Earl of Lincoln
Simon Abney-Hastings, 15th Earl of Loudoun Earl of Loudoun
George Dawson-Damer, 7th Earl of Portarlington Earl of Portarlington
Keith Rous, 6th Earl of Stradbroke Earl of Stradbroke
Francis Grosvenor, 8th Earl of Wilton Earl of Wilton
Nicholas St John, 9th Viscount Bolingbroke, 10th Viscount St John Viscount Bolingbroke
Charles Cavendish, 7th Baron Chesham Baron Chesham
James Lindsay, 3rd Baron Lindsay of Birker Baron Lindsay of Birker
David Campbell, 7th Baron Stratheden and Campbell Baron Stratheden

Ireland[edit]

Members of the Privy Council of Ireland were entitled to be styled Right Honourable, even after the Privy Council ceased to have any functions or to meet on the creation of the Irish Free State in December 1922. Nevertheless, the Lord Mayor of Dublin, like some of his counterparts in Great Britain, retained the use of the honorific style as a result of its having been conferred separately by legislation; in 2001 it was removed, as a consequence of local government law reform.

Sri Lanka[edit]

In Sri Lanka (formerly known as Ceylon) the British practice was followed with Ceylonese members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom were styled Right Honourable and were referred to as Mahamanya in Sinhala. Ceylonese appointees to the privy council included D. S. Senanayake and Sir John Kotelawala.[51]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ↑ This is generally the case for all similar adjectival styles (e.g. The Reverend, The Right Excellent). In contrast, styles in the form of a noun (e.g. Majesty, Holiness) can be used with the corresponding possessive pronoun in direct address or in place of a name.
  2. ↑ Black's Titles and Forms of Address claims[14] that the capitalised The before substantive peers' titles is an abbreviated form of their style. For example, "The Earl of Beaconsfield" would be short for "The Right Honourable Earl of Beaconsfield". However, this argument does not account for the second The in commonly-found formulations of the kind "The Right Honourable The Earl of Beaconsfield"[15] or "The Most Honourable The Marquess of Salisbury"[16]; and the argument is not corroborated by other guides which recommend the latter forms.[17][18][19]
  3. ↑ This practice is recommended by Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage[20][21][22] and Correct Form,[23] and Hickey's Honor and Respect;[24] and is applied consistently throughout Burke's Peerage & Baronetage.[25] However, it is considered incorrect by Black's Titles and Forms of Address, which holds that membership of the Privy Council results in no post-nominal letters because it is an office and not an honour.[26]
  4. ↑ In Hansard, references to other MPs are expanded to include a constituency or ministerial office (and name in parenthesis) as an aid to readers, whether or not this is what was actually said. Honourable is presently always abbreviated to hon.
  5. ↑ The "Knights, Citizens and Burgess" formulation is archaic, it is now more commonly "The Honourable the Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland".[46]
  6. ↑ Martial Asselin, Ellen Fairclough, Alvin Hamilton, Paul Martin Sr., Don Mazankowski, Jean-Luc Pépin, Jack Pickersgill, and Robert Stanfield.

References[edit]

  1. ↑ "right". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. March 2022. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  2. ↑ "Right Honourable". Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. March 2022. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  3. ↑ Montague-Smith (1979), pp. 33–35, 80–82.
  4. ↑ Hickey (2013), pp. 365–372, 378–379, 396–402.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Ferrers 1989, c.1116WA, "The Lord Mayors of Belfast and Cardiff and the Lord Provost of Glasgow are entitled to the style 'Right Honourable' by express grant of the Sovereign. The style is also taken by Privy Counsellors, Peers below the rank of Marquess (which includes ladies who are Peers in their own right), the Lord Mayors of London and York and the Lord Provost of Edinburgh by ancient prescriptive usage."
  6. ↑ "Privy Council members". Privy Council Office. Archived from the original on 6 December 2014. Retrieved 15 June 2015. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  7. ↑ "Right Honourable". TheyWorkForYou. Archived from the original on 6 September 2017. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  8. ↑ "Earl and Countess". Debrett's. Archived from the original on 27 September 2014.
  9. ↑ "Viscount and Viscountess". Debrett's. Archived from the original on 31 July 2014. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  10. ↑ "Baron". Debrett's. Archived from the original on 13 May 2014.
  11. ↑ "The Honourable". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. 10 August 2017. ... earls, viscounts, and barons are 'right honourable', ...
  12. ↑ "Addressing members of the Lords". House of Lords. UK Parliament. Retrieved 7 May 2022.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Home Office (30 January 2021). Titles: Guidance for Her Majesty's Passport Office operational staff on how to add and record titles and observations on a passport (PDF). Version 7.0. HM Government. p. 10. Retrieved 5 May 2022.
  14. ↑ Black (1955), p. 44.
  15. ↑ "The Right Honourable the Earl of Beaconsfield (1804–1881), KG". Art UK. Public Catalogue Foundation. Retrieved 7 May 2022.
  16. ↑ "At the Court at Buckingham Palace the 18th day of December, 1936". The London Gazette. No. 34351. 18 December 1936. p. 8187.
  17. ↑ Kidd (1985), passim.
  18. ↑ Hickey (2013), pp. 396–402.
  19. ↑ Montague-Smith (1979), pp. 21–37.
  20. ↑ Kidd (1985), p. 43, headings "Privy Counsellors" and "Rt Honourable".
  21. ↑ "Privy Counsellors and Crown Appointments". Forms of Address. Debrett's. Archived from the original on 28 May 2016. Retrieved 15 June 2015. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  22. ↑ "Privy Counsellors". Titles. Debrett's. Archived from the original on 30 June 2015. Retrieved 24 May 2015. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  23. ↑ Montague-Smith (1979), pp. 28, 35, 80–82.
  24. ↑ Hickey (2013), pp. 365–366.
  25. ↑ Mosley (1999), passim.
  26. ↑ Black (1955), pp. 44, 101–102.
  27. ↑ Ferrers (1989), cc. 1117WA–1118WA, "For official purposes, the style is omitted in many circumstances, owing to the need for brevity, clarity or informality, as the occasion dictates. For example, the style is omitted in lists of Ministers for Peers who fall below the rank of Marquess and who are not Privy Counsellors in order to distinguish them from Peers who are Privy Counsellors."
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Crown Office (June 2003). "Forms of Address for Use Orally and in Correspondence". Department for Constitutional Affairs, UK Government. Archived from the original on 6 February 2007. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  29. ↑ "Reception by the Right Hon. the LORD MAYOR OF LEEDS and LADY MAYORESS (Mr. and Mrs. HUGH LUPTON) to the B.N.O.C. on the occasion of their visit to the Theatre Royal, Leeds - 2LS Leeds, 6 November 1927". Radio Times. Archived from the original on 9 March 2016. Retrieved 9 March 2016. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  30. ↑ "The Title of Lord Mayor – Use of the Prefix 'Right Honourable'", in The Times, 7 July 1932, p. 16
  31. ↑ "Lord Mayor of Bristol". Bristol City Council. Archived from the original on 21 March 2009. Retrieved 26 December 2008. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  32. ↑ "Royal Guests of L.C.C. The Queen At The County Hall, Honour For Chairman". The Times. 1 June 1935. p. 16.
  33. ↑ "Home Office". The London Gazette. No. 43613. 30 March 1965. p. 3195.
  34. ↑ "The Lord Lyon". The Court of the Lord Lyon. Retrieved 10 May 2022. Dr Joseph John Morrow CBE QC LLD DL FRSE, The Right Honourable the Lord Lyon King of Arms.
  35. ↑ "Other Notices". The Edinburgh Gazette. No. 26518. 2 September 2008. p. 3660. Anyone believing they have a better claim to the dignity of the Barony of Cartsburn should write to the Rt Hon Lord Lyon at H.M. New Register House, Edinburgh, EH1 3YT within 40 calendar days ...
  36. ↑ Callaghan, Jamie (7 May 2019). "Crail to be presented new coat of arms". Fife Today. Retrieved 10 May 2022. The Right Honourable the Lord Lyon King of Arms, the head of Lyon Court, is the most junior of the Great Officers of State in Scotland ...
  37. ↑ "Forms of address". BBC News. 1 September 2008. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
  38. ↑ Afghanistan Archived 14 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Hansard. (2021). An example of the use after recommended abolition.
  39. ↑ "Factsheet G7 - Some Traditions and Customs of the House" (PDF). House of Commons. August 2010. p. 2.
  40. ↑ Ross, William (4 February 1998). "Functions of the Commission". Hansard. House of Commons debates. 305. UK Parliament. c. 1154. My hon. and reverend Friend the Member for Belfast, South (Rev. Martin Smyth) ... Search this book on
  41. ↑ Ansell, Caroline (11 November 2020). "Remembrance, UK Armed Forces and Society". Hansard. House of Commons debates. 683. UK Parliament. c. 967. Retrieved 9 May 2022. ... as raised by my right hon. and gallant Friend the Member for Bournemouth East (Mr Ellwood). Search this book on
  42. ↑ Mitchell, Andrew (15 March 2022). "Ukraine". Hansard. House of Commons debates. 710. UK Parliament. c. 835. Retrieved 9 May 2022. My right hon. and gallant Friend, who made such a great speech earlier ... Search this book on
  43. ↑ Johnson, Boris (Prime Minister). "Engagements". Hansard. House of Commons debates. 704. UK Parliament. c. 909. I know that the right hon. and learned Gentleman is eligible for his booster. Search this book on
  44. ↑ "Re-elected Bercow dragged to Speaker's chair". BBC News. Archived from the original on 27 November 2017. Retrieved 1 May 2018. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help) This video is of the speech of Speaker John Bercow after his re-election as Speaker after the 2017 general election, referring to "the right honourable and learned gentleman, the member for Rushcliffe", i.e. Father of the House Kenneth Clarke, who is a barrister.
  45. ↑ "Catalogue.nla.gov.au". nla.gov.au. Archived from the original on 1 November 2011. Retrieved 1 May 2018. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  46. ↑ "Public Petitions to the House of Commons". parliament.uk. Archived from the original on 23 April 2010. Retrieved 1 May 2018. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 "The Right Honourable". www.dpmc.govt.nz. Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. Archived from the original on 8 April 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2017. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  48. ↑ "Honours Q and A" (PDF). 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 June 2011. Retrieved 29 June 2009. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  49. ↑ "Use of the title 'The Right Honourable' in New Zealand, 2 August 2010". The Queen's Printer. 2 August 2010. Archived from the original on 5 August 2010. Retrieved 3 August 2010. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  50. ↑ This did not apply to former governor-generals Sir Paul Reeves, Dame Catherine Tizard and Dame Silvia Cartwright and former speakers Sir Kerry Burke, Sir Robin Gray, Sir Peter Tapsell, Sir Doug Kidd and Margaret Wilson
  51. ↑ "D.S. Senanayake – A nation's father, undisputed leader of all time | Daily FT". www.ft.lk.

Sources[edit]

External links[edit]


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