Toni Ebel
Script error: No such module "AfC submission catcheck".
Toni Ebel (born 10 November 1881 in Berlin; died 1961 in Berlin) was a German painter and one of the first trans women who received a sex reassignment surgery.
Life and work[edit]
Toni Ebel was born as Hugo Otto Arno Ebel, the oldest of eleven children. Ebel knew of her difference (presumed to be homosexuality) early, and so left home and worked as a woman in a women's clothing store while she was studying painting in Munich. She then went abroad with an elderly man. In 1911 Ebel went back to Berlin and lived as a man again, marrying and having a son. Ebel did not feel comfortable in a man's role and tried several times to commit suicide. In 1916 she was drafted into the army. After the war, Ebel was temporarily a member of the USPD. Her wife fell ill and died in 1928. Ebel lived and worked as a painter first in Berlin-Steglitz, then in Wedding, gaining a good reputation in the vicinity of Käthe Kollwitz, but finding self in a deep crisis. She requested and received a transvestite certificate and was able to live as a woman again. Through her girlfriend Charlotte Charlaques (born as Kurt Scharlach) she got in touch with Magnus Hirschfeld, who took care of him and also bought some of Ebel's paintings. From 1929 to 1933 Toni Ebel lived poorly in the basement of Hirschfeld's Institut für Sexualwissenschaft and helped the house staff. She made a formal application for a legal name change and, with the support of Hirschfeld, underwent sex reassignment surgery conducted by Erwin Gohrbandt, Felix Abraham and Ludwig Levy-Lenz in 1932. It was one of the first sex reassignment surgeries.[1]
In 1933 Toni Ebel converted to Judaism, the faith of her partner Charlaque. Both lived in modest circumstances, sublet at Nollendorfstrasse 24 in Berlin-Schöneberg. Toni Ebel received a small pension and earned some additional income from the sale of pictures. They were repeatedly harassed by their neighbors, and in 1942 they were forced to separate. After a warning from Ebels' half-sister, Toni Ebel fled to Czechoslovakia with Charlotte Charlaque in 1934. Until 1935 they lived in the Karlovy Vary (Rybáře), where Ebel painted pictures for Karlovy Vary spa guests. Then they moved to Prague and in 1937 to Brno. Ebel lived in Prague under the name Antonia Ebelova and worked as a painter. In 1942 Charlotte Charlaque was arrested by the Aliens Police. She later managed to come to the USA.[1]
After the end of the war, Toni Ebel went to East Germany, where she received a small pension as a victim of National Socialism and worked as a painter. She mainly created landscape pictures and portraits and received attention in the East Germany since the 1950s. She was a member of the Association of Visual Artists of the East Germany and was represented at the German art exhibitions in Dresden in 1953, 1958/1959 and 1962/1963.
Selected works[edit]
- Selbstporträt (Oil painting; exhibited at the Fourth German Art Exhibition in 1958/1959)[2]
- Fallobst (Oil painting; exhibited at the Fourth German Art Exhibition in 1958/1959)[3]
- Arbeiterveteran (Oil painting; exhibited at the Fifth German Art Exhibition in 1962/1963)[4]
- Bildnis meiner Schwester (Oil painting; exhibited at the Fifth German Art Exhibition in 1962/1963)[5]
- Wissen ist Macht (Oil painting; exhibited at the Fourth German Art Exhibition in 1958/1959)[6]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Lesbengeschichte - Biografische Skizzen - Charlaque". www.lesbengeschichte.org. Retrieved 2021-06-05.
- ↑ "Deutsche Fotothek".
- ↑ "Deutsche Fotothek".
- ↑ "Deutsche Fotothek".
- ↑ "Deutsche Fotothek".
- ↑ "Deutsche Fotothek".
Category:1881 births
Category:1961 deaths
Category:LGBT people from Germany
Category:Transgender and transsexual women
Category:Victims of anti-LGBT hate crimes
Category:20th-century German painters
Category:German painters
Category:German women painters
Category:LGBT history in Germany
Category:20th-century German women
This article "Toni Ebel" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:Toni Ebel. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.
|
This page exists already on Wikipedia. |
