Vietnam–Cambodia conflicts (1975–1978)
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| Vietnam–Cambodia conflicts (1975–1978) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Third Indochina War and the Cold War | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Republic of South Vietnam (unitl reunited on 2 July 1976) Vietnam |
 Democratic Kampuchea | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| |||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 60,000+ Vietnam army, supported by several thousand troops FUNSK | 19 divisions with 70.000 to 90.000 troop | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 4.200 deaths | ~30.000 deaths | ||||||
The Vietnam–Cambodia conflicts 1975–1978 were a series of border and naval clashes between the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam (until reunited on 2 July 1976), Socialist Republic of Vietnam and Democratic Kampuchea.The result of these chains of conflicts was the Southwest Border War that took place in early 1979. The result of these chains of conflicts was the Cambodian–Vietnamese War that took place in early 1979.
Beginning[edit]
In the final phase Vietnam War, relations between Republic of South Vietnam (until reunited on 2 July 1976), Socialist Republic of Vietnam and Democratic Kampuchea there are many contradictions. According army general PAVN Phạm Văn Trà: In 1972 many unit of the 9th Military Region go to Cambodia has been Khmer Rouge killed. One hospital of the 1st Division on Takéo also suffer Pol Pot go to destroy. On the 6 months early 1972 specific Military Region 203 (Cambodia's Southeast Military Region) happened 26 killings of Vietnamese soldiers, 17 cases of armed robbery, 385 kidnappings, 413 cases of goods confiscation. On the 6 months early 1973 Khmer Rouge force cause 102 cases, killed and wounded 103 Vietnamese soldiers, loot tens of tons of food and weapons.[1]
From the 1970 to 1973, went PAVN focus forces fight United States and South Vietnam then Khmer Rouge caused 174 cases, ambushed their strongholds, stole weapons and food, and killed more than 600 of their officers and soldiers.[2]
The Khmer Rouge intensified their invasion of the western region Sa Thay River, south street 19 in Gia Lai - Kon Tum province. The night of January 3, 1976 Khmer Rouge invaded Xop village (Mo Ray commune, Sa Thay district) burned all houses, looted property and captured 130 villagers. In June 1976, the Khmer Rouge strengthened their forces close to the border, invaded and encroached on land in the provinces of Long An, Binh Phuoc, Tay Ninh... and carried out provocative actions such as shooting at patrols, threaten people who are traveling and doing business near the border, ambush, arson, kidnap, plant mines to cause damage. Due to being hunted by the Khmer Rouge, tens of thousands of Cambodians fled to Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam. In 2 years (1975 - 1976), over 15,000 Cambodians fled to Vietnam.[3]
Border disputes and conflicts occurred continuously in 1977 and 1978, but the conflict actually began shortly after the Liberation Army entered Saigon.
On May 4, 1975, a group of Khmer Rouge troops raided Phu Quoc
On May 7, 1975 and May 19, 1975, the Khmer Rouge attacked the communes of Vinh Gia (Tinh Bien) and Vinh Xuong (Phu Chau district).
On May 10, 1975, the Khmer Rouge used landing ships LSM and 3 PCF ships to send troops to capture Tho Chu island, capture more than 500 Vietnamese people on the island and bring them back to Cambodia and massacre them all. On May 27, 1975, the Vietnamese People's Navy liberated Tho Chu Island.
Angered by the aggressive behavior of the Khmer Rouge, Hanoi counterattacked to regain these islands. The battle of Thổ Chu Island worried the newly established Socialist Republic of Vietnam, because at the same time, relations between Vietnam and the People's Republic of China were deteriorating. This concern was compounded by the presence of Chinese advisers in Cambodia and China's increased military aid to the Khmer Rouge armed forces.
After the raid on the islands of Tho Chu and Phu Quoc, in addition to several small raids, the Khmer Rouge made two large-scale incursions into Vietnam.
Develop[edit]
First wave of attack[edit]
The first major attack took place in April 1977. The Khmer Rouge regular army advanced 10 km deep into Vietnamese territory, occupying parts of An Giang province and massacring a large number of civilians. On the night of April 30, 1977, the Khmer Rouge simultaneously attacked 14 border communes of An Giang, massacring civilians.
A few months later, on September 25 of the same year, four divisions of the Khmer Rouge captured many points in the districts of Tan Bien, Ben Cau and Chau Thanh (Tay Ninh province), burned 471 houses, and killed nearly 800 people. killed, wounded or missing
By the end of 1977, the border province of An Giang was put in a state of war
In retaliation, on December 31, 1977, six divisions of the People's Army of Vietnam entered Cambodia as far as Neak Luong until January 5, 1978, before withdrawing, taking some important figures with them. Cambodian side, including future Prime Minister Hun Sen. This attack was seen as a "warning" for the Khmer Rouge. The Vietnamese proposed a diplomatic solution to establish a demilitarized zone along the border, but Pol Pot refused, and fighting continued.
On February 1, 1978, the Communist Party of Kampuchea met to discuss anti-Vietnam policy and decided to establish 15 divisions. In their resolution, it was written: "As long as every day to kill a few dozen, every month to kill a few thousand, every year to kill a few thousand, you can fight 10, 15, up to 20 years. Do 1 kill 30, sacrifice 2 million Cambodians to destroy 50 million[ Vietnamese" Pol Pot sent 13 of the 17 main divisions and several local regiments to continuously attack Vietnamese territory, some 15–20 km deep.
In January 1978, the Khmer Rouge attacked and occupied part of the territory of Phu Chau and Bay Nui districts of An Giang province. On January 19, 1978, Division 330, Vietnam People's Army, Division 330 of Military Region 9 made a big attack at Bay Nui. On February 5, 1978, the Vietnamese army won a great victory in Khanh An, Khanh Binh (Phu Chau) with a combined battle of divisional forces (infantry, air force, navy, tank, artillery, artillery). soldiers) in front of the Khmer Rouge's 2nd (Elder Red) division.
During those attacks, the Khmer Rouge carried out massacres against the Vietnamese, one example being the Ba Chúc massacre in April 1978 in which 3157 civilians were killed.
From December 1977 to June 14, 1978, according to unofficial data from an overseas researcher, the Vietnamese side suffered 30,642 soldiers casualties, of which the death toll was 6902. More than 30,000 people had to evacuate to the rear, leaving 60,000 hectares of productive land abandoned. According to the book "Compulsory War" by Colonel Nguyen Van Hong of the Vietnam People's Army, it can be estimated that Vietnam suffered 8,500 casualties, of which the death toll was nearly 3,000.
Second wave of attack[edit]
On December 13, 1978, equipped and supported by China, the Khmer Rouge mobilized 10 out of 19 divisions (about 50,000 to 60,000 troops) to invade Vietnam across the border. Three divisions attacked Ben Soi with the goal of capturing Tay. Ninh town, two divisions attacked Hong Ngu (Dong Thap province), two divisions attacked Bay Nui area (An Giang), one division attacked Tra Pho and Tra Tien. (Kien Giang). In the occupied areas, the Khmer Rouge carried out a genocidal strategy against the Vietnamese, as it did with the Khmer.
The Vietnamese army fought back fiercely and held back the advance, at the same time draining the life force of the Khmer Rouge. The Khmer Rouge's advance was blocked and could not be developed. With the exception of Ha Tien, which was briefly captured, not a single town in Vietnam was captured. According to statistics from Vietnam, from June 1977 to December 1978, they destroyed 38,563 Khmer Rouge troops and captured 5,800 other soldiers. According to Time Magazine, the Vietnamese army conducted air strikes and ground fighting, hitting Khmer Rouge units along the border in order to weaken the Khmer Rouge before the Vietnamese army started the campaign. about 17,000 Khmer Rouge troops.
References[edit]
- ↑ NLD.COM.VN (2019-01-05). "40 năm chiến thắng chiến tranh bảo vệ biên giới Tây Nam: Cuộc chiến tranh bắt buộc". nld.com.vn (in Tiếng Việt). Retrieved 2021-10-17.
- ↑ "Tội ác tày trời của tập đoàn Pol Pot gây ra cho Việt Nam". www.qdnd.vn (in Tiếng Việt). Retrieved 2021-10-17.
- ↑ nhất, Chuyên trang Tầm Nhìn-Đọc báo điện tử, Báo mới 24h, Tin tức trong ngày mới (2019-01-04). "Những người lính quân hàm xanh trên tuyến đầu bảo vệ tổ quốc". Chuyên trang Tầm Nhìn – Đọc báo điện tử, Báo mới 24h, Tin tức trong ngày mới nhất (in Tiếng Việt). Retrieved 2021-10-17.
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