Zahran tribe
Zahran Tribe (Arabic: قبيلة زهران) is one of the oldest Arabian tribes in the Arabian Peninsula.[1] It is regarded as one of the largest tribes in Asir.[2]
Al Baha is the homeland of Zahran and Ghamid.[3] Large numbers, however, currently live in western Saudi Arabia (mainly in Mecca, Jeddah), Riyadh and Dammam due to large migration from villages and small cities during the 1960s and '70s in search of a better life. Zahran is a well-known tribe before and after Islam. Many of them left their houses, homes and relatives and joined the prophet Mohammed in Medina.[3]
Branches
- Banu Daws which comprises three divisions: Banu Manhib and Banu Fahm and Banu Ali.[4][5]
- Banu 'Amr which includes three divisions: "Banu Harir and Banu 'Adwan" (Banu 'Adwan occupied Adwan village in Syria and gave the village its name).[4][6]
- Banu Yusa which includes five divisions: Banu Hasan, Bal-Khirmar, Banu Kinanah (not to be confused with Banu Kinanah), Banu 'Amir (not to be confused with Banu 'Amir) and Ahl Baydan.[4]
Zahrani Arabic dialect
Zahrani Arabic dialect is closely related to standard Arabic language. The original roots of Zahrani dialect came from Yemen, which is the original source of Arabic language.[1] Ahmed Abdul Ghafur Attar, a Saudi poet and linguist, has said in an article that the language of the Hejaz, especially that which is spoken in Belad Ghamdi and Zahran, is close to the Classical Language.[7]
Faisal Ghori (Arabic فيصل غوري), a famous scholar of Arabic Literature in his book Qabayil Al- Hejaz (Hejazi tribes) wrote: we can say that there are some tribes in Arabia whose language today is much closer to the classical Arabic language. The tribes of Belad Ghamid and Zahran are a good example of this.[7]
Zahrani tribal governance
"Nearly 750,000 members of the Zahran tribe in Al Baha, one of the leading tribes in the kingdom, enthusiastically cast their ballots to elect their chief. It was the first-ever election to choose a tribal chief in the predominantly Saudi tribal society. Saudi Arabia held elections for municipal councils two years ago as part of its democratic reforms. Speaking to Gulf News, Prince Mohammad Bin Saud Bin Abdul Aziz, governor of Al Baha, said: "It is fabulous that even tribal people have joined in the new stream by choosing their chieftain in a democratic way." Mohammad Bin Yahya Al Zahrani won the election, defeating his lone rival by a big margin."[8][9]
Zahrani tribal weddings
Modern times are changing the way tribal weddings are viewed and performed. "On women’s customs, Najma Al-Zahrani said, 'The elder women in the bride’s family received members of the groom’s family and this was marked by ululation, drum beats and recitation of welcoming poems. The food served at weddings was called 'hospitality dishes' and consisted of traditional confectioneries, meals, coffee, dates and pastries,' Najma said, while adding that although many women wear extravagant and often-revealing clothes to weddings (women-only parties) these days, many tribal women still prefer to wear traditional clothes that are adorned with silver ornaments. Another major difference that many people spoke about is the value of dowry given to the bride. In the past, anything from SR5,000 to SR10,000 was acceptable. These days, dowries range from SR35,000 to SR100,000, which puts a huge burden on the groom and his family as they are also responsible for covering the costs of renting marriage halls and paying for all related expenses. “We used to give a few thousand riyals to the bride, slaughter a few goats and everyone went home happy. These days, girls aren’t happy when they receive tens of thousands of riyals, not to mention the dozens of goats and camels that are sacrificed to feed guests on the day of the wedding. Guests are even served fruits and sweets, something that was rare during my day,” added Najma."[10]
Notable people from Zahran tribe
- Abu Hurairah one of the sahabah (companions) of Muhammad.[11]
- Ibn Duraid Abbasid poet.[3]
- Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi Arabian lexicographer and philologist.[3]
- Faris al-Zahrani Saudi Arabian Al-Qaeda member.[12][13]
- Khalid al-Zahrani one of the September 11 hijackers.[12]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Alzahrani, Halimah. "Phonological Description of Zahrani Dialect": 2.
- ↑ Near East/South Asia Report. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1983. Search this book on
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Cuddihy, Kathy (2001). An A to Z of Places and Things Saudi. Stacey International. ISBN 9781900988407. Search this book on
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Near East/South Asia Report. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1983. p. 17. Search this book on
- ↑ "May 1968. - White Rose eTheses Online" (PDF).
- ↑ Schumacher, Gottlieb; Oliphant, Laurence; Le Strange, G. (Guy) (1889). Across the Jordan; being an exploration and survey of part of Hauran and Jaulan;. Robarts - University of Toronto. London, Watt. Search this book on
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Nadwi, Abdullah Abbas. A study of the Arabic dialects of the Belad Ghamid and Zahran region of Saudi Arabia on the basis of original field recording and an examination of the relationship to the neighbouring regions. p. 1. Search this book on
- ↑ "Saudi tribesmen hold first-ever election." Saudi Election Website. October 5, 2006.
- ↑ Dostal, Walter; Kraus, Wolfgang (2005-07-08). Shattering Tradition: Custom, Law and the Individual in the Muslim Mediterranean. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 9781850436348. Search this book on
- ↑ "Marriage in Al-Baha: Past and present." Saudi Gazette. Saturday, 14 July 2012 - 24 Shaban 1433 H.
- ↑ "His Name and Genealogy". Al-Islam.org. Retrieved 2018-11-12.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Ahmed, Akbar (2013-02-27). The Thistle and the Drone: How America's War on Terror Became a Global War on Tribal Islam. Brookings Institution Press. ISBN 0815723792. Search this book on
- ↑ "من هو فارس الشويل الذي أعدمته السعودية وما علاقته بالقاعدة؟ | الخليج أونلاين". الخليج أونلاين (in العربية). Retrieved 2018-11-12.
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