Zig Programming Language
 | |
| Paradigm | imperative, compiled, procedural |
|---|---|
| Designed by | Andrew Kelley |
| First appeared | 2015 |
| Stable release | 0.3.0
/ September 28, 2018[1] |
| Typing discipline | static |
| Platform | i386, x86-64, arm, aarch64, bpf, hexagon, mips, powerpc, r600, amdgcn, sparc, s390x, thumb, spir, lanal |
| OS | Cross-platform[2][3] |
| License | MIT[4] |
| Filename extensions | .zig |
| Website | ziglang |
| Influenced by | |
| C, C++, Go | |
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Zig is an open-source programming language designed for "robustness, optimality, and clarity".[3][5][6] The language is intended to compete directly with C and libc is not a dependency, although you can still directly import C header files.[5][7][6] The founder and main designer of Zig is Andrew Kelley.[6]
Language Design[edit]
Specific inspirations for Zig's design include the following:
- C: Strict outlook on language features
- Rust: Avoiding null types
- Go: Defer
- Jai: Allocators, compile-time function evaluation
- Node.js: @import, async, and await
- LLVM IR: Builtins
The syntax takes cues from C, Rust, and Go. Zig is designed with thorough safety in mind, and as such manual memory management is critical feature, holding the principal that "edge cases matter."[7][8] Zig purposefully discards C's preprocessor, instead focusing on other compile-time code possibilities. The language is designed to make cross-compilation easy.[5] Zig utilizes LLVM currently.[9]
The standard library has been influenced by musl, libc, and wine.
Examples[edit]
Hello World[edit]
const debug = @import("std").debug;
pub fn main() void {
debug.warn("Hello, world!\n");
}
Importing C Header Files[edit]
const c = @cImport({
@cInclude("stdio.h");
});
Enumerations[edit]
const CatBreed = enum {
Siamese,
Bengal,
Shorthair,
Other,
};
You can also clarify the integers associated with each name.
const CatBreed = enum(u8) {
Siamese = 0,
Bengal = 1,
Shorthair = 5,
Other = 10,
};
Factorial[edit]
The code below is an implementation of the factorial function in Zig. Marking a parameter with comptime indicates that the value must be known at compile-time, something that Zig places importance on.[10]
const std = @import("std");
pub fn factorial(comptime n: comptime_int) comptime_int {
return if (n > 0) n * factorial(n - 1) else 1;
}
pub fn main() void {
std.debug.warn("{}\n", u128(factorial(30)));
}
References[edit]
- ↑ "GitHub Releases". Github.com. Retrieved 2018-11-12.
- ↑ "GitHub Readme". Github.com. Retrieved 2018-11-12.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Elizabeth, Jane (2017-10-19). "New programming language Zig aims to be more pragmatic and readable". Jaxenter.com. Retrieved 2018-11-12.
- ↑ "GitHub License File". Github.com. Retrieved 2018-11-12.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Cardoza, Christina; Moore, Madison (2016-08-29). "SD Times news digest". Sdtimes.com. Retrieved 2018-11-12.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Yegulalp, Serdar (2016-08-29). "New challenger joins Rust to topple C language". Infoworld.com. Retrieved 2018-11-12.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Ziglang Website". Ziglang.org. Retrieved 2018-11-12.
- ↑ "Recurse Center Presentation". Recurse.com. Retrieved 2018-11-12.
- ↑ "LLVM Weekly News". LLVMweekly.org. Retrieved 2018-11-19.
- ↑ "Ziglang Documentation". Ziglang.org. Retrieved 2018-11-12.
External links[edit]
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