Brandenburg (historical land)
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Brandenburg (German: Brandenburg, Lower Sorbian: Bramborska, Upper Sorbian: Braniborska, Czech: Braniborsko) is a historical land,[1] located between the Oder and Elbe rivers.
The area of the region is identical with the March of Brandenburg:[2] a state existing from 1157 to 1618.
Name[edit]
The name Brandenburg comes from the German name of the capital of the Slavic tribe of Stodoran - Brenna (German: Brandenburg), which was captured in 1157 by Albrecht the Bear.
Location[edit]
The region is currently located within the borders of two countries: Poland, in the Lubuskie and West Pomeranian Voivodeships, and Germany in the states of Brandenburg, Saxony-Anhalt and in small parts in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.
Division into regions[edit]
As with the division of the Brandenburg March into provinces, Brandenburg as a historical land is divided into the same smaller regions:
- Old March
- Middle March
- New March
History[edit]
Brandenburg was originally settled by the tribes of the Swabian Slavs. In the 10th century, the area was conquered by Germanic tribes. In 948, King Otto I the Great established German control over the, mostly Slavic, inhabitants of these lands and established bishoprics in Havelberg and Brandenburg. After Otto I's death, an uprising of Slavs broke out, resulting in the Germans then losing much of the territory they had conquered and being forced to retreat beyond the Elbe.
In the mid-12th century, the Margrave of the Northern March, Albrecht the Bear of the Ascanian family, fought against the Slavic tribe of Stodoran. In 1150, as a result of years of military expeditions and other efforts, he formally inherited Brandenburg from the last Swabian ruler, Przybysław. In battles with Prince Jaksa of Kopanica, he finally captured the Stodoran capital of Brenna in 1157 and established the Brandenburg March. The newly created state was under the hereditary rule of the Ascanians until 1320. After the extinction of this dynasty, Brandenburg became the subject of long disputes and wars between the Luxembourg and Wittelsbach dynasties.[3]
In the 13th century, the Brandenburg margraves, taking advantage of Poland's district split[clarification needed], occupied the Lubusz land between 1249 and 1250. They then advanced along the lower Warta River, occupying lands along the Warta, Notec, Drava and Gwda rivers between Western Pomerania and Greater Poland. On these lands they established the New March (as opposed to the Middle March, between the Elbe and the Oder, and the Old March, beyond the Elbe). The Margraves carried out systematic colonization, founding new cities (including Berlin and Frankfurt on the Oder)[4] and villages, and attracting settlers from Germany.
Between 1373 and 1415, Brandenburg was part of the Crown Lands of St Wenceslas.[clarification needed][St Wenceslas lived in the 10th century.][5]
References[edit]
- ↑ "Brandenburgia". Fly.pl (in polski). Retrieved 2022-12-11.
- ↑ Adriatyk.com.pl. "Brandenburgia". www.adriatyk.com.pl (in polski). Retrieved 2022-12-11.
- ↑ "dygresje.info: turystyka | Historia Brandenburgii". dygresje.info. Retrieved 2023-01-19.
- ↑ "Polska 1138-1320". homo historicus (in polski). 2013-05-05. Retrieved 2023-01-19.
- ↑ Petr Jokeš (2020). Czesi. Przewodnik po historii narodu i państwa (in polski). Kraków: Avalon. ISBN 978-83-7730-439-6. Search this book on
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