Chemical brain preservation
Chemical brain preservation is trying to use of chemical preservation method, such as Aldehyde fixation or other chemical fixation technique, aiming for long term storage of a brain. Some (most transhumanist or cryonics enthusiasts) may seek for use chemical brain preservation technique to preserve the brain with the hope for future revival, and consider it as a potential technique for an alternative or adjunct to cryonics.
Technology[edit]
Vascular perfusion of a brain with chemical fixative agents followed by a plasticizing agent is one possible approach. This plastic embedding is widely used to study small sections (<1mm2) of human and animal brain tissue under laboratory conditions. Recently, scaling chemical brain preservation methods to whole mammalian brains has been demonstrated by Shawn Mikula and Winfried Denk and shown suitable for electron microscopy and brain-wide cellular connectomics (Mikula & Denk, 2015) [1] (Mikula, 2016).[2]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ Mikula, Shawn; Denk, Winfried (2015). "High-resolution whole-brain staining for electron microscopic circuit reconstruction". Nature Methods. 12 (6): 541–546. doi:10.1038/nmeth.3361. PMID 25867849.
- ↑ Mikula (2016). "Progress Towards Mammalian Whole-Brain Cellular Connectomics". Front Neuroanat. 10 (62). doi:10.3389/fnana.2016.00062. PMC 4927572. PMID 27445704.
- Bachofen, H.; Ammann, A.; Wangensteen, D.; Weibel, E.R. (1982). "Perfusion fixation of lungs for structure-function analysis: credits and limitations". J Appl Physiol. 53 (2): 528–533.
- Denk, W.; Horstmann, H. (2004). "Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy to reconstruct three-dimensional tissue nanostructure". PLoS Biol. 2 (11): e329. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020329. PMC 524270. PMID 15514700.
- Fahy, G. M.; Wowk, B.; et al. (2004). "Cryopreservation of organs by vitrification: perspectives and recent advances". Cryobiology. 48 (2): 157–78.
- Hayworth, K. J., N. Kasthuri, R. Schalek and J. W. Lichtman. 2006. Automating the Collection of Ultrathin Serial Sections for Large Volume TEM Reconstructions. Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2006 in Chicago, Illinois, USA, July 30 – August 3, 2006
- Hayworth, K. J. (2007) ATLUM Project Home Page. http://www.mcb.harvard.edu/lichtman/ATLUM/ATLUM_web.htm
- Knott, G.; Marchman, H.; Wall, D.; Lich, B. (2008). "Serial Section Scanning Electron Microscopy of Adult Brain Tissue Using Focused Ion Beam Milling". The Journal of Neuroscience. 28 (12): 2959–2964. doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3189-07.2008. PMID 18353998.
- Krucker, T., Lang, A., & Meyer, E.P. (2006). New polyurethane-based material for vascular corrosion casting with improved physical and imaging characteristics. Microsc Res Tech, 69 (2), 138-147.
- Kurzweil, R. (2006). The Singularity is Near. Penguin press
- Lemler, J.; Harris, S. B.; Platt, C.; Huffman, T. M. (2004). "The arrest of biological time as a bridge to engineered negligible senescence". Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1019: 559–563. doi:10.1196/annals.1297.104. PMID 15247086.
- Markram, H. (2006). The blue brain project. Nat Rev Neurosci 7(2): 153-60.
- Oldmixon, E.H.; Suzuki, S.; Butler, J.P.; Hoppin, F.G.; Jr (1985). "Perfusion dehydration fixes elastin and preserves lung air-space dimensions". J Appl Physiol. 58 (1): 105–113.
- Palay, S. L.; McGee-Russell, S. M.; Gordon, S.; Grillo, M. A. (1962). "Fixation of neural tissues for electron microscopy by perfusion with solutions of osmium tetroxide". J Cell Biol. 12: 385–410. doi:10.1083/jcb.12.2.385.
- Pichugin, Y.; Fahy, G. M.; et al. (2006). "Cryopreservation of rat hippocampal slices by vitrification". Cryobiology. 52 (2): 228–40. doi:10.1016/j.cryobiol.2005.11.006. PMID 16403489.
- Sandberg, A., and Bostrom, N. (2008). Whole Brain Emulation: A Roadmap. Technical Report #2008-3, Future of Humanity Institute, Oxford University.
- Sullivan, B. J.; Sekhar, L. N.; et al. (1999). "Profound hypothermia and circulatory arrest with skull base approaches for treatment of complex posterior circulation aneurysms". Acta Neurochir (Wien). 141 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1007/s007010050259.
External links[edit]
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