Cycloidal vibration technology
Cycloidal Vibration Therapy (CVT) is type of non-invasive mechanical massage therapy that employs a specialized motor to generate non-percussive vibrations at its surface in three orthogonal directions. This type of three-dimensional (3D) cycloidal vibration (CV) has been shown to increase blood circulation and lymphatic drainage by stimulating deep muscle activity and is used to treat a variety of medical conditions (see below).
Cycloidal Vibration[edit]
Cycloidal vibration is characterized by small amplitude, low frequency vibrations that produce motion in three different directions. The amplitude of the vibration is typically in the range of 0.1 and 0.5 mm with a frequency typically in the range of 15-75 hertz and an acceleration rate of approximately 28 m/s2. The nature of the waves allows for deep penetration, as distinct from other forms of mechanical massage. Modern CV motors utilize either 12 V or 24 V brushless DC electric motor to drive eccentrically mounted weights producing radial plane oscillations within a suspension system. Each of the three different directions of motion is created at different points in the cycle by a complex electronic speed controller (ESC) and it is the “out of phase” relationship which gives rise to a circular movement and the term cycloidal vibration.
Conventional massage products typically operate in a singular plane, either delivering percussive impacts, or orbital oscillations. The standard vibrations produced are high amplitude, high acceleration and have a high fundamental frequency.
History[edit]
Cycloidal Vibration Therapy was discovered by Wiliam L. Wettlaufer who was initially developing heavy-duty machines to screen and grade crushed stone, ores, coal and similar coarse materials.[1] Wettlaufer had developed a motor to radially distribute loads across his screens [2] and the technology was employed in a Canadian coal mine in the 1930s. Curiously the workers using Wettlaufer’s coal-sorting machine were reporting therapeutic side effects from leaning up against the machine during their breaks. Inspired by the claims of muscular and joint pain relief, Wettlaufer went on to develop scaled down versions of the motor for use in therapeutic products such as beds,[3] stools,[4][5] chairs,[6][7][8] adjustable tables [9] and cushions.[10]
In 1948, one of Wettlaufer’s prototypes and patent was bought at an auction by Mr Owen K Murphy and then commercialized. The resulting company, Niagara Therapy began designing, manufacturing and selling out of Adamsville, Pennsylvania devices such as hand held units,[11] cushions,[12] tables [13][14] and mats.[15][16][17] By 1953, 14 CVT products were available and had been sold to such notable people as Prince Sulaiman of Saudi Arabia who bought five chairs for his wives.[18]
Clinical Research[edit]
Musculoskeletal[edit]
The primary action has been proposed to be due to a “resetting” under conditions of excessive proprioceptor activity of some centrally controlled level of muscle relaxation.[19]
References[edit]
- ↑ US patent 1832518, William L. Wettlaufer, "Shaking Screen", issued 1927-11-17 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/1832518.html
- ↑ US patent 1914226, William L. Wettlaufer, "Shaking Screen", issued 1930-06-13 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/1914226.html
- ↑ US patent 1949703, William L. Wettlaufer, "Shaking Screen", issued 1934-07-16 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/1949703.html
- ↑ US patent 2235183, William L. Wettlaufer, "Therapeutic Vibrator", issued 1941-03-18 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2235183.html
- ↑ US patent 2235184, William L. Wettlaufer, "Therapeutic Vibrator", issued 1941-03-18 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2235184.html
- ↑ US patent 2307554, William L. Wettlaufer, "Therapeutic Vibrator and Massage Device", issued 1943-01-05 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2307554.pdf
- ↑ US patent 2492671, William L. Wettlaufer, "Vibratory Therapeutic Chair", issued 1949-12-27 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2492671.html
- ↑ US patent 2497751, William L. Wettlaufer, "Vibratory Therapeutic Chair", issued 1950-02-14 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2497751.html
- ↑ US patent 2448162, William L. Wettlaufer, "Therapeutic Exercise Table", issued 1948-08-31 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2448162.html
- ↑ US patent 2539712, William L. Wettlaufer, "Vibratory Therapeutic Cushion", issued 1951-01-30 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2539712.html
- ↑ US patent 2674994, William L. Wettlaufer, "Motor Operated Kinesitherapy Device", issued 1954-06-19 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2674994.html
- ↑ US patent 2687717, Owen K. Murphy, "Cushion Type Motor Operated Kinesitherapy Device", issued 1954-08-31 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2687717.html
- ↑ US patent 2717593, Owen K. Murphy, "Table Type of Motor Operated Kinesitherapy Device", issued 1955-09-13 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2717593.html
- ↑ US patent 2719769, Owen K. Murphy, "Table Type of Motor Operated Kinesitherapy Device", issued 1955-10-04 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2719769.html
- ↑ US patent 2833276, Owen K. Murphy, "Motor Operated Kinesitherapy Device", issued 1958-06-06 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2833276.html
- ↑ US patent 2852020, Owen K. Murphy, "Motor Driven Kinesitherapy Device", issued 1958-09-16 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2852020.html
- ↑ US patent 2917043, Owen K. Murphy, "Motor Operated Kinesitherapy Device", issued 1959-12-15 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2917043.html
- ↑ "O.K. Murphy's Electrical Massagers". Mechanix Illustrated. United States. September 1953. Archived from the original on 2009-02-15
- ↑ Atha, J; Wheatley, D.W. (1976). "Joint Mobility Changes Due to Low Frequency Vibration and Stretching Exercise". British Journal of Sports Medicine. London: Loughborough, Eng. 8 (1): 26–32. doi:10.1136/bjsm.10.1.26. ISSN 0306-3674.
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