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Gavin Nicol

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki

Gavin Nicol (Gavin Thomas Nicol) is a software developer and researcher who has made contributions to the development of the World Wide Web and on the Document Object Model (DOM).[1]

Career timeline[edit]

Nicol was a member of the team at the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) that developed the first version of the DOM specification, which was published in 1998.[2] He was the primary author of the initial interface definitions and developed the initial DTD[3] used for defining the programming API’s and the processing pipeline for converting the XML specification into HTML and interface definitions in various programming languages. Derivatives of this were incorporated into the W3C documentation practices and later gave rise to WebIDL.[3]

Nicol is also known for his work on HTML Internationalization (I18N), starting with the publication of “The Multilingual World Wide Web” in 1995,[4][5][6] along with proposals for improving MIME support for I18N.[7] This work culminated in the joint development and publication of RFC 2070 “Internationalization of the Hypertext Markup Language”[8] in 1997, which was included into later standardization of HTML. He was an early proponent of using Unicode[6] on the World Wide Web and proposed an alignment of Unicode, ISO 10646 and SGML, leading to HTML adopting a broader character set, allowing for multilingualism and later adoption of Unicode and UTF8 as de-facto standards for the web. Nicol has spoken widely about Unicode and at Unicode conferences about how Unicode applied to markup languages.[9][10]

In addition to his work on the DOM and I18N, Nicol has also made contributions to other areas of web development, including XML,[11] SVG, VRML, XSLT,[12] XML Linking, XPath, XPointer, XEXPR,[13] XTND[14] and other web technologies. He is a proponent of generic markup[15] use on the World Wide Web and evolutionary standards development.[16][17]

Outside of Web technologies, Nicol has been an active researcher into alternative markup technologies such as LMNL,[18] developing a formal model for markup Called “Core Range Algebra”[18][19] and Attributed Range Algebra.[19] He is also an open source proponent and author.[20] A significant portion of Nicols’s research was done while developing into the award-winning DynaWeb[21][22] application, which was the first server that supported the stylesheet-driven conversion of HTML from SGML/XML sources.[23] This in turn was based on the DynaText publishing system from Electronic Book Technologies.

He has also written and spoken about web technology[24] and has been active in the web development community for many years. Nicol is also an entrepreneur and inventor, receiving multiple patents for technologies developed over the years.[25][26]

References[edit]

  1. Chaudhri, Akmal; Jeckle, Mario; Rahm, Erhard; Unland, Rainer (2003-07-01). Web, Web-Services, and Database Systems: NODe 2002 Web and Database-Related Workshops, Erfurt, Germany, October 7-10, 2002, Revised Papers. Springer. ISBN 978-3-540-36560-0. Search this book on
  2. "W3C announces DOM Core". www.w3.org. Retrieved January 12, 2023.
  3. 3.0 3.1 "W3C XML Specification DTD (XMLspec)". www.w3.org. Retrieved 2023-02-02.
  4. Linguistics., International Conference on Computational. Proceedings of COLING. Association for Computational Linguistics. OCLC 227005413. Search this book on
  5. "Restrospective on ERCS". xml.coverpages.org. Retrieved January 12, 2023.
  6. 6.0 6.1 "The Multilingual WWW". xml.coverpages.org. Retrieved January 13, 2023.
  7. "MIME Header Supplemented File Type". IETF Datatracker. Retrieved January 12, 2023.
  8. Yergeau, François; Adams, Glenn; Dürst, Martin J.; Nicol, Gavin T. (1997-01-01). "RFC ft-ietf-html-i18n: Internationalization of the Hypertext Markup Language". IETF Datatracker. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
  9. "DynaWeb: Interfacing large SGML repositories and the WWW". www.w3.org. Retrieved January 12, 2023.
  10. "Tenth International Unicode Conference - Conference Program". www.unicode.org. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
  11. "W3C SGML Working Group". www.w3.org. Retrieved 2023-02-01.
  12. "A Proposal for XSL". www.w3.org. Retrieved 2023-01-12.
  13. "XEXPR - XML Expression Language". www.w3.org. Retrieved 2023-01-12.
  14. "XTND - XML Transition Network Definition". www.w3.org. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
  15. Wolf, Misha. "Eleventh International Unicode Conference - Conference Program". www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2023-01-12.
  16. "xml-dev - RE: Will XML change the character of W3C? Was: Re: sunshine andstandard". lists.xml.org. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
  17. "The Rush to Standardize". www.xml.com. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
  18. 18.0 18.1 Cover, Robin. "New Website for Layered Markup and Annotation Language (LMNL)". xml.coverpages.org. Retrieved 2023-02-04.
  19. 19.0 19.1 "dblp: Extreme Markup Languages® 2002". dblp.org. Retrieved February 4, 2023.
  20. Nicol, G. T. (1993). Flex : the lexical scanner generator (Ed. 1.03, for version 2.3.7 ed.). [Cambridge, MA]: Free Software Foundation. ISBN 1-882114-21-3. OCLC 31825274. Search this book on
  21. "Inso Corporation Announces DynaWeb® 3.1; First Web Publishing Solution To Support Interactive Mathematical Equations". xml.coverpages.org. Retrieved 2023-02-04.
  22. "DynaWeb: Interfacing large SGML repositories and the WWW". www.w3.org. Retrieved February 4, 2023.
  23. US6167409A, DeRose, Steven J.; James Apple & Gavin T. Nicol et al., "Computer system and method for customizing context information sent with document fragments across a computer network", issued 2000-12-26 
  24. "Command Line Heroes: Season 7: A Language for the Web". www.redhat.com. Retrieved February 4, 2023.
  25. US6167409A, DeRose, Steven J.; James Apple & Gavin T. Nicol et al., "Computer system and method for customizing context information sent with document fragments across a computer network", issued 2000-12-26 
  26. US8332471B2, HARPLE, Dan; Sam CRITCHLEY & Rich PIZZARRO et al., "System for enhanced management of social networks on mobile devices", issued 2012-12-11 


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