Hurricane Isaac 2021
| Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS/NWS) | |
 Tropical Storm Isaac weakening over the eastern Caribbean Sea on September 14, 2018 | |
| Formed | September 7, 2018 |
|---|---|
| Dissipated | September 15, 2018 |
| (Remnant low after September 14th) | |
| Highest winds | 1-minute sustained: 75 mph (120 km/h) |
| Lowest pressure | 995 mbar (hPa); 29.38 inHg |
| Fatalities | None reported |
| Damage | $500,000 (2018 USD) |
| Areas affected | West Africa, Lesser Antilles, Haiti, Jamaica, Cayman Islands, Cuba |
| Part of the 2018 Atlantic hurricane season | |
Hurricane Isaac was a minimal hurricane making landfall in the Lesser Antilles and then going on to affect the Caribbean Sea with gale winds. This was the ninth named storm, the fifth hurricane of the very deadly 2018 Atlantic hurricane season. Isaac was a Category 1 hurricane (Saffir-Simpson Hurricane scale). Formed in the east-central tropical Atlantic Ocean and moved westward. The hurricane weakened. A tropical storm passed through the Lesser Antilles, resulting in localized torrential rain and floods. This wave was first given the possibility of becoming a tropical cyclone in a 48-hour (2-day) forecast 90 hours before its occurrence. The developmental probability in the two-day forecast was upgraded to a medium category at 60 hours before formation and a high category at 42 hours before formation.[1][2]
Meteorological history
Isaac emerged from tropical waves that migrated off the west coast of Africa on September 7. Wide cyclones already existed when convection was active. It moved over the eastern Atlantic Ocean, and the low pressure gradually intensified over the next few days. The waves were moving steadily west. Deep convection focused bursts started late September 6, leading to the formation of a well-defined center marking development. It became a tropical cyclone by 1200 UTC on September 7, just over 600 nautical miles west of Cape Verde Islands. The depression moved slightly eastward due to the weak steering flow. Wind shear did not strengthen during the first days after formation. It weakened the next morning, and the cyclone reached tropical storm intensity by 1200 UTC on September 8. The plan for the "best track" of Isaac's path is shown in the picture. Where there is wind and pressure, the story shown in the pictures 2 and 3 respectively, the best track positions and intensity are listed. On September 8, the subtropical ridge north of Isaac was better formed, and the tropical cyclone started moving westward at a speed of 10–15 knots. At the same time, Isaac was above 27 °C warm sea level buried in a humid environment with low shear forces. Intensification followed, and at 00:00 UTC on September 10, Isaac became a hurricane. In September, it was about 1,100 nautical miles east of the Windward Islands. Dry air, previously isolated from the north, began to envelop Isaac's circulation. Hurricane strength was reached. Dry air probably suppressed convection inside the phenomenon. The hurricane's eyewall and outer bands ended with Isaac's fortress (Figure 4). On September 11, the cyclone gradually weakened due to upper pressure from the north and increased westerly shear. This trough was fortified by two larger systems: Florence in the Northwest Atlantic and Helene in the Northeast Atlantic. The movement continued for several more days, which caused the center of the storm to shift. It was exhibited on September 12 and 13.[3]
Damages
There are no reports of deaths related to Isaac. Strong rain and strong waves caused some damage in the Lesser Antilles, especially in St. Lucia. The press reported flooding in some areas of Anse la Rey and Castries and fallen trees in the Barre de forest area. Small landslides and floods were also mentioned in media reports on the island of Dominica. The origin of Isaac was well foretold. Table 2 shows the time to start formation associated with the first NHC Tropical Weather Forecast (TWO) for each region's probability categories. The wave that developed into Isaac was first included in a 108-hour forecast. It was given a low probability as soon as it moved to the west coast of Africa before formation (60%) 90 and 72 hours before category formation each of the tropical cyclones. These waves were initially unlikely to become tropical. A hurricane was predicted for 90 hours for 48 hours (2 days) of hurricane occurrence. The development probability was upgraded from the 2-day forecast to a medium category 60 hours before formation and promoted to superlative status 42 hours before Isaac was born.[4]
References
- ↑ "Hurricane ISAAC Advisory Archive". www.nhc.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2022-01-15.
- ↑ https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL092018_Isaac.pdf. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help); Missing or empty|title=(help); External link in|website=(help); Missing or empty|url=(help) - ↑ "Hurricane ISAAC". www.nhc.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2022-01-15.
- ↑ "Hurricane ISAAC". www.nhc.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2022-01-15.
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