Kinko Ogami
Kinko Ogami was a founder of a Sect Shinto group.
Overview[edit]
Around 1868, at the beginning of the Meiji Restoration, the religious administration of the new Meiji government issued the Shinto-Buddhist Separation Order, resulting in the Haibutsu Kishaku and the restoration of the Unity of ritual and government system in the same year. The Taikyo Institute was established in 1872 (Meiji 5) as a missionary organization, but was dissolved in 1875 (Meiji 8). Instead, the Shinto side established the Bureau of Shinto Affairs in the same year, to which the originally disparate folk belief religions belonged, and those denominations that met certain conditions, such as the number of followers, were officially recognized as "independent denominations". This was the beginning of the denominational Shinto.
Beginning with Kurozumikyō and Shinto Shusei in 1876 (9th year of Meiji), and in 1886, Bureau of Shinto Affairs (later renamed Shinto Taikyo), and in 1899 (32nd year of Meiji), it was reorganized into a denomination called Jingu-kyo renamed Ise Shrine Offering Association.[1][lower-alpha 1] In 1908, Tenrikyo was founded, and by the time of 1908, there were a total of 13 schools (14 schools in total if the breakaway "Jingu-kyo" is included).
| Denomination | Founder | Founding date | Date of Independence | believers[2] | Priests[2] | Shrines and churches[2] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kurozumikyō | Munetada Kurozumi | 1846[3] | October 1876 | 297,351 | 1,312 | 307 |
| Shinto Shusei | Nitta Kuniteru | 1849[4] | 8,084 | 213 | 52 | |
| Jingu-kyo(→Left 1899, Disestasblished 1946) | Yoriyo Tanaka | 1882 | May 1882 | N/A[lower-alpha 3] | N/A | N/A |
| Izumo-taishakyo | Takatomi Senge | 1882[5] | 1,266,058 | 8,212 | 161 | |
| Fuso-kyo | Shishino Nakaba | 31,150 | 425 | 135 | ||
| Jikkō kyō | Hanamori Shibata | 10,910 | 250 | 87 | ||
| Shinto Taiseikyo (神道大成教) | Hirayama Seisai | 1882 | 21,515 | 173 | 30 | |
| Shinshu-kyo
(→ Withdrew from the Federation in 1976) |
Masatsugu Yoshimura | 126,181 | 203 | 93 | ||
| Ontake-kyo | Osuke Tsuda | September 1882 | 42,550 | 1,119 | 346 | |
| Shinto Taikyo | Inaba Masakuni | 1872[lower-alpha 4] | January 1886 | 21,375 | 470 | 163 |
| Shinrikyo | Tsunehiko Sano | 1880[6][7] | October 1894 | 67,248 | 938 | 139 |
| Misogikyo | Masakane Inoue | 78,675 | 482 | 61 | ||
| Konkokyo | Kinko Ogami | November 15, 1859[8] | June 1900 | 397,461 | 3,521 | 1,484 |
| Tenrikyo(→ Withdrew from the Federation in 1970) | Nakayama Miki | 1838[9] | November 1908 | 2,000,000[lower-alpha 5][10] | ||
| Tensha Tsuchimikado Shinto (→ Never joined the Federation) | 1953 | 50,000[11] | ||||
| Oomoto(→ Joined the Federation in 1956) | Nao Deguchi | 1892[12] | 1956 | 166,367 | 4,280 | 715 |
| Total (sensuo stricto) | 2,534,925[2] | 21,598[2] | 3,773[2] | |||
| Total (sensuo lacto) | 4,584,925 |
After the war, Oomoto also joined the federation, but Tenrikyo and Shinto Taiseikyo withdrew from the federation, so the federation now has 12 affiliated groups.
There are five main groups of Sect Shinto[13]
- The Fukkoshinto or Revival Shinto lineage includes Shinto Taikyo, Shinrikyo, and Izumo-taishakyo, which originates from Izumo Taisha.[13]
- Confucian Shinto is represented by Shinto Taiseikyo (神道大成教) and Shinto Shusei.[13]
- The Mountain worship lineage includes Jikkō kyō, Fuso-kyo, and Ontake-kyo.[13]
- Purification sects are Misogikyo and Shinshu-kyo.[13]
- Utopian groups are Kurozumikyō, Tenrikyo, and Konkokyo.[13]
Tenrikyo is now classified by the Agency for Cultural Affairs as one of the various religions, not as a Shinto denomination. [14]
Notelist[edit]
- ↑ One of the predecessor organizations that formed the Association of Shinto Shrines after the war.
- ↑ Statistics source excluding Tenrikyo and Tensha Tsuchimikado Shinto
- ↑ Depending on interpretation up to 98 million followers due to its role in founding the Association of Shinto Shrines
- ↑ As the Great Teaching Institute
- ↑ 2002 data
References[edit]
- ↑ 戦後に神社本庁を形成する前身組織の1つ。
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 "Religious Almanac" (2020 edition)
- ↑ "Marukoto: The Teaching of Roundness". kurozumikyo.com. Retrieved 2023-03-16.
- ↑ "Encyclopedia of Shinto詳細". 國學院大學デジタルミュージアム (in 日本語). Retrieved 2023-03-06.
- ↑ Miller, R.A. (1962). 現代日本文読本: Graded Lessons for Mastering the Written Language. Tuttle Publishing. p. 115. ISBN 9780804816472. Retrieved 2015-01-01. Search this book on
- ↑ https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9780691221298-014/pdf
- ↑ 日本国語大辞典,百科事典マイペディア,デジタル大辞泉,世界大百科事典内言及, ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典,日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ),精選版. "神理教(しんりきょう)とは？ 意味や使い方". コトバンク (in 日本語). Retrieved 2023-03-12.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
- ↑ "The Life of The Founder | KONKOKYO". www.konkokyo.or.jp. Retrieved 2017-02-03.
- ↑ Tenrikyo Doyusha (2014). Tracing the Model Path. Translated by Tenrikyo Overseas Department. Tenrikyo Doyusha.
- ↑ Stuart D. B. Picken. Historical dictionary of Shinto. Rowman & Littlefield, 2002. p. 223. ISBN 0-8108-4016-2 Search this book on .
- ↑ https://archive.ph/wip/uJNu5
- ↑ Tamura, Yoshirō (2000). Japanese Buddhism: a cultural history. Translated by Jeffrey Hunter (1st English ed.). Tokyo: Kosei Pub. Co. ISBN 4-333-01684-3. OCLC 45384117. Search this book on
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 "Kyōha Shintō | Japanese religion". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2023-03-06.
- ↑ 文化庁編さん 2011, pp. 5-6.
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