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List of barbarian tribes of ancient (pre - modern) Europe and Asia

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki


[ What about standard references ?

[ Went to the review chat room, and will be adding some links into the definitions. It does seem to be a bit of a rough thing to put the definition at the start. Any place else better to put them ? ]

Really, the standard references are original sources, and sources that are tried and true.

I can give my own sense of what those are.

This is a list of the barbarian tribes of Ancient and Pre-Modern Asia and Europe, sectioned by putative language and culture types, giving the years the tribes were in transit, and separating the peoples by culture and language types.

Barbarian tribes of Ancient, Medieval, and Pre-Modern Europe and Asia[edit]

This is a list of the barbarian tribes of Europe and Asia, sectioned by the argued culture or language type, and giving the years the tribes were in transit.

The form of movement is more often by land than sea, is en masse (all slaves, children, wives, cattle, all livestock of any kind, tents, carts, and horses, in a single movement, typically of 1,500 to 400,000 individual humans and livestock), with the distance covered in a period of decades, from 1100 to 4100 miles.

It is also absolutely distinct from annual transhumance, such as among the Vlachs or the Basques, and instead is purposeful, and generally intent on movement to a sea coast, to river basins (such as the Arno and the Po), or to a plain (such as the Gangetic plain).

This is also distinct from migratory cultures and peoples that do not transit with siege arms, such as the Romani, or the Huguenots.

As societies, they are often originally maritime peoples (examples include the Gauls, the Angles, the Saxons), or from the steppes, or both (as in the case of the Ostrogoths and the Varangians).

The shift to a fixed location and a fixed set of fiefs and leases, constitutes the end of the status as barbarians, thus the Franks in the period of the early descendants of Clovis.

The form of transit is what defines these as barbarian tribes and peoples, and for that reason, at least informally, the list does not include the Umbrians, the Samnites, the Sicels, the Picts, the Etruscans, the Medes, the Persians, or the Ligurians. Also, for the reason this List does not duplicate a List of Ancient Slavic Peoples and Tribes, as the peoples of the Balkans, the Urals, and the Danube appear to have changed, following the conquest of Dacia, to migrations in much small groups (as clans or families). The same applies to the Scots, the Irish, and the Welsh, who appear to have changed, following the conquest of Britain, to migrations in much small groups (as clans, villages, or families).

The list sequences are intended to put the more commonly known peoples first, and then the more recent first, unless there is doubt about categorization (such as the Heruli, who may have been Goth or Dane, but more probably German only)

Persian culture - influenced Turkic peoples and tribes[edit]

Turkish culture - influenced Turkic peoples and tribes[edit]

Greek culture - influenced Turkic peoples and tribes, after the fall of the Flavians[edit]

Mongol - culture influenced Eastern Turkic peoples and tribes[edit]

Southern Indo-European peoples and tribes after the rise of the Macedonian Empire[edit]

Central and Asian Indo-European peoples and tribes after the rise of the Macedonian Empire[edit]

Byzantine and Dane - Influenced Central and Western Indo-European peoples and tribes after the fall of the Roman Republic[edit]

Eastern Indo-European peoples and tribes before the rise of the Macedonian Empire[edit]

The Lombards, Western Indo-European peoples and tribe after the fall of the Macedonian Empire[edit]

The Franks, Western Indo-European Germanic peoples and tribes after the rise of the Macedonian Empire[edit]

The Germans, Western Indo-European peoples and tribes, Celtic and Britain - related, from before the rise of the Macedonian Empire. (Also see List of ancient Germanic peoples and tribes )[edit]

The following list is expressly constructed to reflect those German peoples and tribes that transited or emigrated as barbarians, versus those that appeared in the historic record after periods of migration, tribal conquests, or migratory herding (thus excluding for now the Allemani and the Burgundians, and perhaps the Geats, for example).

The Goths, Western Indo-European Germanic peoples and tribes after the fall of the Macedonian Empire, some with Celtic influences[edit]

The Gauls, Western Indo-European peoples and tribes, Germanic - related, from before the rise of the Macedonian Empire[edit]

The Danes, Western Indo-European peoples and tribes, Germanic - related, from after the rise of the Macedonian Empire[edit]

The Mongols, peoples and tribes, Altaic - related, from before the rise of the Macedonian Empire, and later influenced by Turkish cultures (see List of Chagatai khans )[edit]

The Cumans, peoples and tribes, Altaic - related, from after the fall of the Macedonian Empire, and later influenced by Mongol, Turkish, Indo-European, and Altaic cultures[edit]

The Huns, confederacies and tribes, Altaic - related, from after the fall of the Macedonian Empire, and later influenced by Indo-European cultures[edit]

The Hungarians, peoples and tribes, Uralic - related, from after the fall of the Macedonian Empire, and later influenced by Indo - European cultures[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ ...
  2. ↑ Kermeli, Eugenia (2009). "Osman I". In Ágoston, Gábor; Bruce Masters (eds.). Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. p. 444. "Reliable information regarding Osman is scarce. His birth date is unknown and his symbolic significance as the father of the dynasty has encouraged the development of mythic tales regarding the ruler's life and origins, however, historians agree that before 1300, Osman was simply one among a number of Turkoman tribal leaders operating in the Sakarya region."
  3. ↑ Concise Britannica Online Seljuq Dynasty Archived 2007-01-14 at the Wayback Machine article
  4. ↑ ...
  5. ↑ ...
  6. ↑ ...
  7. ↑ Damgaard, P. B.; et al. (May 9, 2018). "137 ancient human genomes from across the Eurasian steppes". Nature. Nature Research. 557 (7705): 369–373. Bibcode:2018Natur.557..369D. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0094-2. PMID 29743675. S2CID 13670282. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
  8. ↑ Lindner, Rudi Paul (1983). Nomads and Ottomans in Medieval Anatolia. Indiana University Press. p. 10. "In fact, no matter how one were to try, the sources simply do not allow the recovery of a family tree linking the antecedents of Osman to the Kayı of the Oğuz tribe."
  9. ↑ ..
  10. ↑ ..
  11. ↑ The Hungarians and the Bulgarians, Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire Chapter XV Gibbons, E.
  12. ↑ ..
  13. ↑ ..
  14. ↑ ..
  15. ↑ ..
  16. ↑ Pol. ii. 17
  17. ↑ Liv. v. 35.
  18. ↑ Kristó 1996 Hungarian p. 71.
  19. ↑ The Hungarians and the Bulgarians, Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire Chapter XV Gibbons, E.

References[edit]


[ Definition:

barbarian

Links listing

https://www.britannica.com/topic/barbarian-invasions

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/barbarian

https://www.etymonline.com/word/barbarian

duration of existence as a tribe

Based on the historical record - when a group, or clan, or tribe, or people, enter into a political organization defined by historical record.

For instance, the tribes or peoples that are no longer mentioned in the political or legal or historic record, as a political entity, is how the time frame is defined.

At some point, the Franks formed a settled political system that included not only Franks within the Frankish kingdoms, but also other tribes.

The first number, then, is the first mention in the historic or political record, as a tribe or people. And the last date, is when, for all legal or political or military purposes, the tribe ceased to be apparent in one of those areas.

Again, for the Franks, this occurred once they no long functioned in those areas, but instead, as a cultural group [such as the Anglo-Normans, the Normans, the Angevins]


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