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List of youngest birth mothers

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki


This is a list of youngest birth mothers aged less than 11 years at time of birth (not at time of conception).

List[edit]

5 years old[edit]

Date Mother Age of mother Father Country Description
May 14, 1939 Lina Medina 5 years,
7 months 		Unknown  Peru Lina Medina, from the Ticrapo District of Peru, gave birth by cesarean section in Lima at age ​5 1⁄2. The infant was a 2.69 kg (5.9 lb), 47.5 cm (18.7 in) boy named Gerardo. Medina's parents, who thought their daughter had a tumor, took her to a hospital, where she was then found to be 7 months pregnant when she was about 5 years and 6 months old. She gave birth ​1 1⁄2 months later. By interrogating her parents, the doctors understood that Medina had entered into precocious puberty (when hormone glands are activated earlier than normal) very early after her birth.[1][2][3][4][5] Medina's father was arrested on suspicion of sexual abuse, but was later released due to lack of evidence, and the baby's biological father was never identified.[1][4]

6 years old[edit]

Date Mother Age of mother Father Country Description
June 7, 1932 H. 6 years,
7 months 		Unknown British Raj British India
(now  India) 		The 6-year-old known only as "H." gave birth by cesarean section to a girl weighing 4.19 lb (1.90 kg) at Victoria Zanana Hospital in Delhi, India. She was initially admitted for what was thought to be an abdominal tumor, as she complained of localized pain in her lower abdomen. Her father said she was 7, but civic records gave her birth date as October 11, 1925, making her 6 years and 7 months old at the time of labor. She had never menstruated and her breasts were still far from being fully developed, yet she was able to breastfeed her child for 9 months.[6]
July 11, 1931 L. P. (Ukrainian: Л.П) 6 years,
9 months 		Her 69-year-old maternal grandfather  Soviet Union
( Ukrainian SSR)
(now  Ukraine) 		L. P. was about 6 years old when her 69-year-old maternal grandfather raped and impregnated her. The girl had physical development significantly ahead of her age, corresponding to at least 10 years. She had secondary sexual characteristics and menstruation since the age of 4. The pregnancy proceeded without complications. Medical concilium of Kharkiv Obstetric and Gynecological Clinic decided to take a natural birth, leaving the option of caesarean section in case of complications during childbirth. Childbirth began July 10, 1931. Early of July 11 the fetus died due to prolapse of the umbilical cord loop, after which the fetus was removed under general anesthesia with the help of instruments. Dead female fetus 50 cm long, weighing 3 kg; general development was normal, post-mortem examination revealed underdevelopment of the thyroid and thymus. L. P. had passed postpartum period without complications. She regained regular menstruation.[7] Her further fate is unknown.

8 years old[edit]

Date Mother Age of mother Father Country Description
December 5, 1759 Anna Mummenthaler 8 years,
9 months 		Her uncle[8]  Old Swiss Confederacy
(now   Switzerland) 		Anna Mummenthaler of Lauperswil, Canton of Bern gave birth to a stillborn girl when she was 8 years old.[9]
December 1884 Mum-Zi 8 years,
4 months 		Chief Akkiri Niger Coast
(now  Nigeria) 		Mum-Zi was a member of Chief Akkiri's harem on the island of Calabar. Her daughter also gave birth extremely early, making Mum-Zi a grandmother at age 17.[10][11]
August 1893 Zi 8 years,
8 months 		A relative or familiar of Chief Akkiri Niger Coast
(now  Nigeria) 		Zi, Mum-Zi's daughter, became a mother at the age of 8 years 8 months.[10][11]
January 8, 1910 Hsi 8 years A 9-year-old boy[12]  Qing dynasty
(now  China) 		An 8-year-old-girl gave birth to a healthy baby boy, who was fathered by a 9-year-old. They are the youngest recorded parents, in combined age.[13] They were farmers, with the surname Hsi, from Amoy, Fukien.[14]
August 1933 Unidentified 8 years Her husband[note 1] British Raj British India
(now  India) 		An unidentified 8-year-old girl in Jammu and Kashmir reportedly died in labor along with her child. The girl's mother, a destitute widow, said she had been forced to accept an offer of marriage for her daughter.[15]
September 13, 1936 Griseldina Acuña 8 years,
2 months 		A family friend  Colombia Griseldina Acuña of San Zenón, Magdalena Department, gave birth to a boy weighing 5 lb (2.3 kg). She was reported to have begun menstruating at age 3.[16]
December 2, 1957 Hilda Trujillo 8 years,
7 months 		Her 22-year-old cousin  Peru Hilda Trujillo gave birth to a girl named María del Rosario, who was over 6 lb (2.7 kg), at a hospital in Lima.[1] Contrary to what was reported in Time on December 16, 1957, and many other sources, she was not 9 years old, but rather one year younger.[17] The rapist was a 22-year-old cousin who had been staying in her family's one-room residence. He was later arrested.
January 12, 1993 Zulma Guadalupe Morales 8 years Her uncle  Mexico Zulma Guadalupe Morales, age 8. Her uncle raped her.[18] She gave birth by cesarean section to a boy weighing 7.04 lb (3.19 kg) at a hospital in Guadalajara, Jalisco.[19]
October 11, 2004 Unidentified 8 years,
5 months 		A 32-year-old employee of the neighborhood black-market  Colombia An unidentified girl's pregnancy was revealed by a policeman who became suspicious in early September 2004 when he noticed the girl's swollen abdomen and thought she was being exploited by drug smugglers. After the girl had X-rays done, the officer told her mother that the girl was pregnant; the hospital confirmed she was at her 32nd week of pregnancy. The girl revealed that when she had gone to a pharmacy in Ciudad Bolívar, to fetch her sick mother's medicine, an employee there raped her. She gave birth at the Meissen Hospital.[20]

9 years old[edit]

Date Mother Age of mother Father Country Description
March 1881 Unidentified 9 years,
7 months 		A young man of the neighborhood who fled to America to escape arrest[21]  United Kingdom Henry Dodd of Rillington, Yorkshire, reportedly delivered a baby weighing 7 lb (3.2 kg) to a nine-year-old girl in 1881. The baby was stated to have only three toes on its left foot and to have died of convulsions some time after birth. The girl reportedly began menstruating at twelve months old.[22][23]
March 16, 1908 Estelle P. 9 years Unknown  United States Dr. V. I. Pittman of Cadaretta, Mississippi, reported to have delivered a boy weighing 7 lb (3.2 kg) to nine-year-old Estelle P.[24]
August 28, 1957 Unidentified 9 years,
5 months 		Unknown  United States A 9-year-old girl gave birth to a premature boy weighing 2.5 lb (1.1 kg) at the University of Arkansas Medical Center in Little Rock, Arkansas.[25]
Only 12 days before, the doctor, obstetrician Eva F. Dodge,[26] had given a Caesarean section to an 11-year-old girl from Curtis, Arkansas who bore a baby girl weighing 6.25 lb (2.83 kg) on August 16, her 11th birthday.[27]
March 28, 1966 Unidentified 9 years Unknown  South Africa A nine-year-old from Brakpan, South Africa, gave birth by cesarean section to a baby at a hospital 30 miles (48 km) east of Johannesburg.[28]
October 18, 1967 María Eulalia Allende 9 years Ernesto Allende, her cousin in his early 20s  Argentina María Eulalia Allende, from a village in northern Córdoba Province, gave birth to a boy weighing 7 lb (3.2 kg) at a hospital in the city of Córdoba.[29][30] Ernesto Allende, her cousin and the alleged father, disappeared two months before the birth and was sought by police.
December 5, 1968 Unidentified 9 years A farm boy from her village  Argentina A girl from Cachari gave birth to a baby weighing 5 lb (2.3 kg) at a hospital in Azul, Buenos Aires Province. According to press reports, the young father offered to marry the girl, but her parents refused to give their consent.[31]
June 11, 1971 Unidentified 9 years Her father was reportedly sought by police  Peru A 9-year-old girl from the El Porvenir neighborhood of Lima gave birth to a boy weighing 7 lb (3.2 kg) at a hospital in the same city.[32]
July 10, 1980 Venesia Xoagus 9 years Unknown South Africa South West Africa
(now  Namibia) 		Venesia Xoagus, a Damara girl, gave birth by cesarean section to a healthy 3 kg (6.6 lb) boy at a hospital in Otjiwarongo.[33][34][35]
March 25, 1986 Maria Eliane Jesus Mascarenhas 9 years,
5 months 		Cosme Primo dos Santos, her 16-year-old nephew by adoption  Brazil Maria Eliane Jesus Mascarenhas, an orphaned girl adopted by rural farm workers after her mother died in childbirth, gave birth by cesarean section to a 7 lb (3.2 kg) girl named Diane in Jequié.[36][37]
April 1986 Unidentified 9 years Unknown  Kenya An unidentified girl delivered a daughter at Kenyatta Hospital in Nairobi.[38]
March 12, 1990 Unidentified 9 years Unknown  Turkey A 9-year-old girl gave birth by cesarean section to a boy at a clinic in Afyonkarahisar.[39] According to the surgeon who assisted the birth, Dr. Mehmet Telek, the mother is officially 9 years old "but, in our opinion, in fact she is a few years older than that."[40]
November 1994 Leyla Mafi 9 years A man who paid her parents to allow him to rape her, possibly a relative.  Iran According to information gathered by Amnesty International Leyla Mafi, from Arak, Iran, had been prostituted by her mother starting from the age of 8. Leyla M. had a developmental delay (at the age of 19 she was assessed to have a mental age of 8 years old). She had three children, the first at the age of 9 and then twins at age 14.[41] At age 19, she was condemned and faced the death penalty for the "moral offenses" of debauchery, incest, and illegitimate motherhood. Lawyer Shadi Sadr intervened on her behalf and with the help of Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam and Amnesty International (among others), her sentence was reduced to public beating and imprisonment. After 2006, Ms. M was sent to a rehabilitation center and eventually came to reside in an apartment with a caretaker.[42][43]
February 26, 2001 Wanwisa Janmuk
(วันวิสาข์) 		9 years Her 27-year-old husband[note 2]  Thailand Wanwisa Janmuk, married at 8, gave birth to a girl when she was 9 at a hospital in Phetchabun.[44]
April 1, 2003 María 9 years,
3 months 		Her stepfather  El Salvador María, from Candelaria de la Frontera, gave birth by cesarean section to a boy she named José Manuel. María stated that her stepfather repeatedly raped her, and that he had impregnated her.[45][46]
March 1, 2004 Unidentified 9 years A student at her school  Singapore A Singaporean girl gave birth to a boy after a fellow student at her school impregnated her. Her mother initially thought she had a urinary tract infection, but upon taking her to the doctor, learned she was already six months pregnant. The baby was placed up for adoption.[47]
December 25, 2004 Unidentified 9 years,
11 months 		A teenager in her neighborhood  Colombia A girl from Medellin, Antioquia, born in early January 1995, gave birth to a premature baby by cesarean section on Christmas Day 2004, at 9 years and 11 months. She left school after only three years, much to the dismay of her 36-year-old mother. The girl became pregnant by a neighborhood teen whose identity she swore to protect. She again became pregnant at the age of ​10 1⁄2, this time by a man in his forties who had helped the 10-year-old in her early motherhood. On February 10, 2006, she gave birth to her second child at the age of 11 years and 1 month. Social services and her mother considered it preferable to place her in a home for teen mothers, where she would be supervised and monitored until age 18.[48][49]
December 2005 Unidentified 9 years Emmanuel Mbazumutima, the family's houseboy  Rwanda An unidentified girl became pregnant after her parents' houseboy raped her. She gave birth to a boy by cesarean section at a hospital in Butare, Rwanda. The girl underwent breast development at age six and menarche at age eight.[50]
July 7, 2006 Unidentified 9 years Unknown  Brazil A girl of the Apurinã, an indigenous people from the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil, gave birth to a girl weighing nearly 2.2 kg (4.9 lb) by cesarean section at a hospital in Manaus.[51][52]
December 2, 2006 Nuvia V. T. 9 years Avilio Arostica Berrospi, her 28-year-old cousin[53]  Peru A girl from Huánuco, Peru, gave birth to a 2.5 kg (5.5 lb), 47 cm (19 in) boy via cesarean at a hospital in Lima on her ninth birthday.[54][55] She became pregnant after two of her cousins raped her. One rapist was 17 years old and the other was 28; Avilio, 28, was identified as the father using DNA testing.[56]
March 20, 2007 Unidentified 9 years Unknown  Philippines The local media reported that a 9-year-old gave birth in Barangay Turo, Bocaue, just one week before an 11-year-old gave birth in the same district.[57]
July 2007 Unidentified 9 years,
8 months 		Andrés Gabriel, her 57-year-old father  Honduras In La Esperanza, the daughter of Andrés Gabriel Gabriel and María Valentina Lorenzo became pregnant at age 9. Her father began sexually abusing her when she was 6. Upon discovering the pregnancy, Lorenzo tried to persuade her to tell authorities that she was 13 years old rather than ​9 1⁄2, and that Gabriel was actually her stepfather. The young girl gave birth to a daughter, whom she named Cindy Alejandra, by cesarean section in Tegucigalpa.[58][59] Gabriel was later sentenced to 30 years in prison; Honduran doctors were reportedly astonished by the fact that the girl had not yet experienced menarche.[60]
July 27, 2008 Unidentified 9 years,
8 months 		Alexis Rigoberto Morazán Raudales, her 32-year-old stepfather  Honduras In San Pedro Sula a 32-year-old man repeatedly raped his stepdaughter, starting when she was 8 years old. She became pregnant in December 2007, shortly after her ninth birthday. In early June, the girl was hospitalized for nausea and vomiting, and doctors were surprised to find she was 6 months pregnant. She gave birth to a son in late July 2008.[61] The stepfather was arrested and the mother was sought.[timeframe?] Police claimed that she knew that Morazán Raudales raped her daughter, but did nothing to prevent it, instead threatening the girl. The girl was placed in care[clarification needed] with her baby.
November 2008 Unidentified 9 years Her 31-year-old neighbor who regularly accompanied her to school  Colombia A girl from the countryside surrounding Bucaramanga, Colombia, gave birth to a boy in mid-November 2008 via cesarean section at age 9. A doctor from the Child Welfare' Health Department had discovered in mid-August that she was 5 months pregnant. The girl implicated her 31-year-old neighbor, who regularly accompanied her via deserted trails to her rural school, where she was in 5th grade. She stated that, in mid-March, he had thrown her to the ground in the forest and raped her.[62]
January 27, 2010 Unidentified 9 years Unknown, though her father was suspected of raping her  China A girl from Songyuan, China, gave birth by cesarean section to a boy weighing 6 lb (2.7 kg) at a hospital in Changchun. Circumstances surrounding the girl's pregnancy are not clearly known, and her parents sought legal help once it was discovered.[63][64]
May 15, 2010 Unidentified 9 years A 14-year-old neighbor  Malaysia A 9-year-old Chinese girl from Penang, Malaysia, gave birth to a healthy boy. No police report was made by the parents, who knew that the father was their 14-year-old neighbor whom their daughter loved.[65][66]
October 1, 2010 F. ("Zeina") G. 9 years,
11 months 		S.D., the uncle of her grandmother's tenant  Senegal An orphan girl "Zeina" was from a neighborhood in Dakar, Senegal, and brought up by her grandmother. The grandmother had a tenant. The tenant's uncle, nearly 60 years old, raped the orphan girl. Noting the absence of her menstruations and her weight gain, her grandmother and her aunt became aware of her pregnancy in June, when she was 5 months pregnant. Zeina gave birth by cesarean section at the Grand Yoff Hospital,[67] to a daughter she rejected.[68]
January 27, 2013 Dafne 9 years (disputed) Unidentified  Mexico Dr. Enrique Rabago, director of the Zoquipan Hospital, reported the girl and baby daughter were healthy and had returned home after receiving a Caesarean section. Dafne is one of 11 children and lives in Ixtlahuacan de los Membrillos. The 17-year-old father and Dafne were dating. A search for the baby's 17-year-old father, who may be criminally charged for having a sexual relationship with the young girl, was underway.[69] She was reportedly sterilized shortly after the birth.[70] However, questions have emerged about her true age, as she appeared to be around 15. The father may have been Dafne's 44-year-old step-father[71]

10 years old[edit]

Date Mother Age of mother Father Country Description
April 20, 1834 Sally Deweese 10 years Unknown  United States Sally Deweese of Butler County, Kentucky, was reported by Dr. D. Rowlett to have delivered a girl weighing 7.75 pounds (3.52 kg). Deweese allegedly developed breasts within weeks of birth and began menstruating at 12 months.[72]
February 1, 1858 Elizabeth Drayton 10 years,
8 months 		Reported to be 15–17 years old  United States Elizabeth Drayton of Taunton, Massachusetts, was reported to have given birth naturally to a boy weighing 8 lb (3.6 kg) after having been in labor for two or three days.[73]
April 1873 Unidentified 10 years,
6 months 		"A native gentleman" British Raj British India
(now  India) 		In an account published in 1873, C. MacNamara described having been called in early spring to examine a baby boy in Calcutta, who had reportedly been born to a 10-year-old girl.[74]
September 10, 1895 Annie H. 10 years,
1 month 		Unknown  United States Annie H., born in Bland County, Virginia, gave birth to a baby girl weighing 5 lb (2.3 kg). As the girl had undeveloped breasts and could not produce milk, her mother, who had given birth to a child herself a few months prior, nursed the girl's baby for the week she lived. Annie H. was stated to have started menstruating regularly at age five.[75]
December 13, 1905 Sallie Ellison 10 years,
2 months 		Unknown  United States Sallie Ellison gave birth to a baby weighing 8 lb (3.6 kg) at the age of 10 years, 2 months in Bristol, Virginia.[76]
April 9, 1910 Annie Epps 10 years Unknown  United States Annie Epps of Chicago gave birth to a girl weighing 6 lb (2.7 kg) at the county hospital in 1910.[77][78]
July 30, 1922 Elizabeth Irwin 10 years Rev. L. W. Irwin, her stepfather, charged with contributing to her delinquency[79]  United States Elizabeth Irwin of Hardin County, Ohio, gave birth to a boy weighing 7 lb (3.2 kg) in 1922.[79][80] Reverend Irwin reportedly prayed for the salvation of the jury that later convicted him.[81]
February 1923 Mary Cavender 10 years Willie Larue, the 26-year-old son of the girl's foster parents  United States Mary Cavender of Hidalgo County, Texas, gave birth to a boy weighing 4.5 lb (2.0 kg) in 1923.[82][83][84] Admitting his paternity, Willie Larue was charged with having "improper relations" with Cavender and sentenced to 15 years in prison.[85]
April 4, 1930 Evilan Johnson 10 years Unknown  United States Evilan Johnson gave birth to a baby weighing 8 lb (3.6 kg) at a hospital in Yazoo City, Mississippi, in 1930.[86]
October 10, 1939 María Justina Lez 10 years Her boyfriend  Argentina María Justina Lez of Villa Mercedes, San Luis, Argentina, gave birth to a girl at San Roque Hospital in 1939. The child's father reportedly petitioned for the right to marry the mother, as marriage was forbidden to girls under 13 years of age.[87]
January 10, 1944 Unidentified 10 years Unknown  United States A girl gave birth naturally to a daughter weighing 8.5 lb (3.9 kg) at a hospital in Monahans, Texas, in 1944.[88][89]
March 3, 1949 Unidentified 10 years Unknown  United States A girl gave birth to a daughter weighing 7.3 lb (3.3 kg) at a hospital in Wilmington, Delaware, in 1949.[90]
May 20, 1949 Unidentified 10 years,
7 months 		Unknown  United States A girl gave birth to a boy weighing 7.8 lb (3.5 kg) at Barber Hospital in Butler, Alabama, in 1949.[91]
May 25, 1950 Sarah Moore 10 years,
7 months 		Unknown  United States Sarah Moore gave birth prematurely to a girl she named Sarah Lee Moore in Charleston, Mississippi, in 1950.[92]
June 21, 1950 Unidentified 10 years Unknown  United States A girl gave birth to a baby boy weighing 6.5 lb (2.9 kg) at a hospital in Omaha, Nebraska, in 1950.[93]
July 13, 1951 Unidentified 10 years Unknown  United States A girl gave birth to a boy weighing 7.19 lb (3.26 kg) in Picayune, Mississippi; the girl's mother was 23 at the time.[94]
June 14, 1953 Unidentified 10 years A 50-year-old man who lived in the same apartment building as her foster parents  United States A girl gave birth to a daughter weighing 5.94 lb (2.69 kg) at a home for unwed mothers in Youngstown, Ohio, in 1953.[95][96]
November 30, 1954 Felicia Delgado Gomez 10 years Unknown  Costa Rica Felicia Delgado Gomez gave birth by cesarean section to a boy weighing 5.75 lb (2.61 kg) at a hospital in Limón, Costa Rica, in 1954.[97][98]
August 3, 1956 Unidentified 10 years Her 18-year-old brother, who was arrested  United States A girl from Spartanburg County, South Carolina, gave birth by cesarean section to a boy weighing 6 lb (2.7 kg) in the city of Spartanburg.[99]
January 22, 1958 Unidentified 10 years Her older sister's husband, age 28, was charged[100]  United States A girl gave birth by cesarean section to a boy weighing 7 lb (3.2 kg) at a hospital in San Francisco.[101]
February 6, 1964 María Sanchez Gonzalez 10 years Unknown  Mexico María Sanchez Gonzalez of Colonia Morelos, Mexico City gave birth by cesarean section to a boy weighing 5.5 lb (2.5 kg).[102]
February 12, 1964 Unidentified 10 years,
4 months[103] 		A 16-year-old boy, her foster family's son  United States A 10-year-old gave birth by cesarean section to a daughter weighing 5.94 lb (2.69 kg) at a hospital in Chicago.[104]
September 17, 1967 Hortensia Gomez Juan 10 years Her family's neighbor for whom the girl worked as a servant; he was arrested for rape  Mexico Hortensia Gomez Juan gave birth to a boy weighing 4.44 lb (2.01 kg) in Xalapa, Mexico, in 1967.[105][not in citation given]
November 29, 1968 Unidentified 10 years Unknown  Belgium In 1968, a 10-year-old gave birth by cesarean section in Antwerp, Belgium.[106]
July 1969 Unidentified 10 years Unknown  United States A girl gave birth naturally to a boy weighing 5.63 lb (2.55 kg) at Alexandria Hospital in Alexandria, Virginia, on July 29, 1969.[107]
August 14, 1971 Mirta Fontora 10 years Unknown  Argentina Mirta Fontora, a girl from Pilar Partido, Argentina, gave birth by cesarean section to a boy weighing 6.5 lb (2.9 kg) at a hospital in Pilar.[108][109]
May 25, 1979 Unidentified 10 years Unknown  United States A girl age 10 gave birth six weeks premature to twin girls, both weighing 3.38 lb (1.53 kg), by induced labor at a hospital in Indianapolis, Indiana. She is thought to have been the youngest mother of twins in U.S. history at the time.[110]
July 7, 1982 Unidentified 10 years Unknown  United States A girl age 10 from a rural town in eastern Texas gave birth to a premature baby girl, weighing 4.5 lb (2.0 kg), at Hermann Hospital in Houston. All other details were withheld by request.[111][112]
April 5, 1984 Unidentified 10 years,
8 months 		The girl's uncle and the husband of one of her babysitters were both charged with molesting her  United States A 10-year-old gave birth naturally to a 6.25 lb (2.83 kg) baby girl in Chicago.[103][113] The girl, who had not known she was pregnant, went to St. Anthony Hospital on April 4 seeking treatment for abdominal pain, and was transferred to the high-risk maternity unit at Cook County Hospital the next day.[103] The girl's uncle and her babysitter's husband were accused of raping her: the uncle admitted to doing so six times, but the babysitter's husband denied the allegations and passed a polygraph.[114]
April 5, 1996 Unidentified 10 years A neighbor  Brazil In 1996, a 10-year-old gave birth by cesarean section in Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso. A neighbor raped her.[115][not in citation given]
July 1998 Unidentified 10 years,
5 months 		Paul Narvios, the 50-year-old companion of her mother  United States Taking advantage of his relationship with her mother that lasted a few months between late 1997 and early 1998, Paul Narvios, 50, raped the girl 19 times when she was between ​9 1⁄2 and 10 years old. She exposed him and gave birth in San Mateo County, California. Narvios was revealed to be the child's father via DNA evidence. He was sentenced on September 8, 1999, to 31 years in prison, including a 26 years security, and $40,000 fine, with prohibition from reapproaching mother, daughter, and baby.[116] Narvios is currently imprisoned in the California Men's Colony and will first be eligible for parole in January 2023.[117]
September 25, 2000 Unidentified 10 years Her 28-year-old brother, who was arrested on a charge of rape  Argentina
(originally from
 Bolivia) 		A girl from Bolivia gave birth to a daughter weighing 2.5 kilograms (5.5 lb) by cesarean section at a hospital in Parque Patricios. Buenos Aires.[118][119]
September 23, 2002 Unidentified 10 years A 38-year-old man, the brother of the girl's mother's boyfriend, was arrested  Saint Lucia A 10-year-old gave birth to a boy weighing 4 lb (1.8 kg) in Saint Lucia.[120]
November 13, 2003 Unidentified 10 years Unknown  Peru A girl from Monzón District, Peru, gave birth by cesarean section to a baby weighing over 3 kg (6.6 lb) at Hermilio Valdizán Hospital in Huánuco.[121]
January 7, 2004 Unidentified 10 years The 29-year-old boyfriend of her 21-year-old sister  Argentina A 10-year-old gave birth to a baby weighing 3.22 kg (7.1 lb) in Merlo Partido, Argentina.[122]
April 13, 2005 G. R. F. 10 years Luis Ramos Coral, her 24-year-old stepfather  Chile
(originally from
 Bolivia) 		A Bolivian girl living in Calama, Chile, gave birth to a boy by cesarean section at a hospital in Antofagasta. The child became pregnant after her stepfather raped her at age 9. Her mother and step-father, who both came from Colchaca village in Potosí, Bolivia, were jailed.[123][124][125][126]
June 27, 2005 Gladys Chelagat 10 years The approximately 60-year-old caregiver who had nurtured her since her earliest childhood  Kenya Gladys Chelagat from Kericho, Rift Valley Province gave birth to a boy weighing 6.17 lb (2.80 kg) by cesarean section at a district hospital.[127]
August 28, 2005 Unidentified 10 years Unknown; her stepfather and her brother were suspected   Switzerland
(originally from
 Cameroon) 		A young girl gave birth to a daughter at a hospital in Sion, Switzerland. She had immigrated from Cameroon to Martigny, then Sierre, Switzerland, with her siblings after her mother married a Swiss citizen. A 68-year-old man who was in a relationship with the mother admitted to having molested the girl but a DNA test found that he was not the father of the girl's child.[128][129][130]
April 3, 2006 Monserrat Alvarado Gómez 10 years,
6 months 		Juan Ruelas Martínez, her family's 47-year-old neighbor  Mexico Monserrat Alvarado Gómez of Jaral del Progreso, Guanajuato, born on September 16, 1995, gave birth naturally to a girl weighing 2.3 kilograms (5.1 lb) whom she named Marisol. Ruelas Martínez, her neighbor, was sentenced to ​11 1⁄2 years in prison for raping her.[131][132]
April 2006 Unidentified 10 years William Edward Ronca, her 26-year-old stepfather  United States A young girl in Abbeville, South Carolina, gave birth by cesarean section. Her 26-year-old stepfather, William Edward Ronca, raped her. The baby was placed up for adoption.[133] Ronca admitted to having molested the girl over a two-year period and was sentenced to 25 years in prison and is currently incarcerated in the Allendale Correctional Institution. His earliest possible release date is April 19, 2027.[134]
April 2006 Unidentified 10 years,
9 months 		Julián Andrés H. López, the 30-year-old Colombian boyfriend of her babysitter, who was arrested  Spain
(originally from
 Colombia) 		A Colombian girl gave birth to a daughter in Ourense, Spain. While the mother was away, the girl's babysitter had her boyfriend over the house, and the boyfriend raped the girl.[135]
June 14, 2006 Unidentified 10 years Unknown  Brazil In 2006, a 10-year-old gave birth by cesarean section to a baby in Marechal Deodoro, Brazil.[136]
July 2006 Unidentified 10 years Her 13-year-old boyfriend  Belgium A girl from Montigny-le-Tilleul gave birth in 2006 to a child fathered by her boyfriend and schoolmate. After she had begun gaining weight, her mother put her on a diet, but when the girl visited a doctor, it was discovered that she was nine months pregnant. News of the birth did not become publicly known until 2007.[137]
August 14, 2006 Unidentified 10 years,
5 months 		Her father  Mauritius A young girl, born on March 5, 1996, began menstruating at age 8. One day in November 2005, she was sick, and stayed at home with her father. On that day, he raped her. She gave birth to her daughter by cesarean section on August 14, 2006, and the father was sent to prison.[138]
October 20, 2006 N. 10 years,
10 months 		Francisco das Chagas, her 26-year-old boyfriend  Brazil N., daughter of Francisca Ferreira dos Santos and born on December 12, 1995, gave birth by cesarean section to a baby girl at São Camilo de Itapipoca hospital in Itapipoca, Brazil. Her boyfriend, Francisco das Chagas de Lima, was also her 14-year-old sister's ex-boyfriend.[139][140]
July 2, 2007 Lucila 10 years Noé Velásquez Velásquez, her parents' 65-year-old landlord  Mexico In 2007, 10-year-old Lucila of San Lorenzo Cacaotepec, Oaxaca gave birth to a boy. Noé Velásquez Velásquez, the landlord of the house her parents rented, was jailed.[141][142][143][144]
November 9, 2007 "Evita" 10 years Alejandro Torres, her 22-year-old cousin  Nicaragua Originally from the rural island region of El Tortuguero, the poorest part of Nicaragua, 10-year-old "Evita" gave birth by cesarean section in Managua after spending two months in Bluefields. Four months earlier, her mother had summoned a campaign doctor to their farm to examine her daughter's inflated abdomen; the doctor found that she was 5 months pregnant. A few weeks later, her mother revealed to the press that Evita's 22-year-old cousin Alejandro raped Evita.[145]
February 29, 2008 Rosa "Rosita" 10 years,
8 months 		Carmen Aguilar, her 33-year-old stepfather  Nicaragua Rosa ("the other Rosita"),[note 3] born June 25, 1997, in San Miguelito, Rio San Juan Department, gave birth to a boy by cesarean section at ​8 1⁄2 months of pregnancy at the Bertha Calderón Hospital in Managua. Sexually assaulted since age 8 by her stepfather Carmen, she never experienced menstruation, as she became pregnant at her first ovulation. Her stepfather would beat and whip her to subdue her. Her pregnancy was discovered by chance at ​5 1⁄2 months, during a tour of rural medical for the poor in early December 2007.[146]
April 28, 2008 Unidentified 10 years Guadalupe Gutierrez-Juarez, her 37-year-old stepfather  United States Isabel Chasearez's 10-year-old daughter, from St. Anthony, Idaho, gave birth by cesarean section to a girl weighing approximately 6 lb (2.7 kg) at Madison Memorial Hospital in Rexburg after her mother's boyfriend raped her.[not in citation given] The man, an undocumented immigrant from Mexico, was jailed on one felony count of rape with impregnation; Chasearez was jailed as well for failing to provide proper prenatal care.[147][148] Juarez was sentenced to 5 years to life.[149]
March 18, 2009 Unidentified 10 years Fede Datilus, a 33-year-old sex offender  United States
(originally from
 Haiti) 		A 10-year-old Haitian girl of Lantana, Florida, became pregnant after a 33-year-old man raped her when she was 9. Her father learned of her pregnancy only when he took her to the clinic when she suffered labor contractions on March 18, 2009. The same day, she gave birth naturally to a full-term boy. Reluctantly, she exposed Datilus to investigators who interviewed her through a Haitian Creole interpreter (she spoke only little English, having arrived illegally in the U.S. only 30 months before). She confided that she had been afraid that she and her father would be deported to Haiti – a threat the rapist had used against her. Datilus was sentenced to life imprisonment for raping a minor under 12 years, to which 5 years for impregnating her was added.[150] Datilus is currently imprisoned in the Okeechobee Correctional Institution.[151]
April 2009 Unidentified 10 years,
9 months 		Flávio de Oliveira, her 24-year-old stepfather  Brazil A 10-year-old girl from Lagoa Grande, Minas Gerais, gave birth to a boy by cesarean section in late April 2009. The director of her school learned of the girl's pregnancy on March 20 after hearing about it in playground discussions among children. The director alerted the judicial and medical-social authorities, and immediately took her to the clinic, where her condition was confirmed: the girl was almost 8 months pregnant, though it was not visible on her. That evening, she exposed her stepfather, who was arrested as he tried to escape to Gurupi in Tocantins, 470 miles (760 km) to the north, and jailed. In March 2008, he began raping her; he impregnated her in late July 2008.[152][153]
June 8, 2009 Unidentified 10 years Her stepfather  South Africa A girl from Mitchell's Plain township, southeast of Cape Town, became pregnant after her 21-year-old uncle raped her. She became convinced that she was in love with him and that he was the father of her child.[154] However, DNA evidence proved the father was her 25-year-old stepfather, who had raped her as well. The girl gave birth to a daughter on June 8, 2009.[citation needed]
December 14, 2009 Unidentified 10 years A man in his mid-30s  Jamaica A girl from Mountainside, Jamaica gave birth to a baby girl who died three weeks later.[155]
January 4, 2010 M. P. 10 years Her 15-year-old brother  Bolivia M.P., from El Torno, Bolivia, gave birth by cesarean section to a girl weighing 2.3 kg (5.1 lb) at the Instituto Maternológico Percy Boland in Santa Cruz de la Sierra.[156] Three of the girl's brothers raped her. They were 15, 17, and 19. The youngest one was her child's biological father.[157]
May 2010 Unidentified 10 years Unknown; thought to be her second child's father, a 49-year-old mason  Bolivia The father of a 10-year-old girl's first baby was not originally known, but when the same girl from Cabezas came back to Percy Boland Hospital, in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, at age 12 to give birth again, authorities succeeded to get her to talk. They apprehended a 49-year-old mason, confirmed father of the second baby and suspected of the first. He was sentenced for rape and impregnation of a minor. It is suspected that the girl's family had allowed men to rape her in exchange for money.[158]
May 2010 M. L. Ch. R. 10 years Her father  Bolivia The 10-year-old, initials M. L. Ch. R., from Zanja Honda, Tarija, gave birth to a 3.5 kg (7.7 lb) girl by cesarean section at the Percy Boland Maternity after a 49-year-old mason allegedly raped her. Fifteen months after her first child was born, she became pregnant with a son, and claimed that the father was a young man named Armando.[159][160] After her second child was born on May 7, 2012, she disappeared, and her mother admitted that both of her daughter's children were from the daughter's biological father, who had raped his child since she was 8.[161]
July 12, 2010 Unidentified 10 years,
7 months 		Her 12-year-old boyfriend  Russia The girl, from a village near Kazan, Russia, menstruated early and became pregnant shortly before she was 10, gave birth one month prematurely to a girl in Kazan.[162]
August 19, 2010 "Camille" 10 years Her 27-year-old father  Philippines A 10-year-old girl, known in the media as "Camille", gave birth to a boy in Cotabato City. Her father, who was unemployed and often drunk, began raping her when she was 8.[163][164]
October 26, 2010 Elena Chiritescu 10 years,
6 months 		Gheorghe Mecic, her 13-year-old cousin and ex-fiancé  Spain
(originally from
 Romania) 		Chiritescu, a Romanian Gypsy girl, gave birth to a 6.4 lb (2.9 kg) girl named Nicoletta Narcissa at a hospital in Jerez de la Frontera, Spain.[165][166] Chiritescu was pregnant when she moved to Spain and was seen selling flowers with her family during a local holiday in Lebrija while in the latest stages of pregnancy. Mecic remained in Romania.[167]
October 29, 2010 Unidentified 10 years Her 24-year-old distant cousin  Colombia A girl of the Wiwa people [es] people gave birth by cesarean section at San Rafael Hospital in San Juan del Cesar. In late January, the girl's mother, Sebastiana María Nieves, was absent for ten days at her sick mother's bedside. During this time, when her mother was away, a 24-year-old distant cousin raped the girl.[168]
November 10, 2010 Unidentified 10 years Her father  Bolivia A girl gave birth to a boy weighing 2.3 kg (5.1 lb) at the Percy Boland maternity ward in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia.[169]
January 19, 2011 Paulina A. 10 years Unknown  Argentina Paulina A., a Guaraní girl from Puerto Leoni, gave birth by cesarean section to a boy weighing 3.1 kg (6.8 lb) at a hospital in Posadas. Although her personal documentation gave her age as 10, it was suspected that she was older.[170]
October 22, 2011 Edith 10 years,
10 months 		Alberto Hernández Loeza, her 28-year-old stepfather  Mexico A 10-year-old girl from the community of San Francisco Totimehuacan gave birth by cesarean section to a premature boy weighing 3.3 lb (1.5 kg) in Puebla.[171] She initially stated that the father was a "graying gringo with a sombrero";[172] however, her mother revealed during police interviews that the biological father was the girl's stepfather, who had raped her.[173]
January 24, 2012 Laura Marina Villanueva[not in citation given] 10 years,
7 months 		Gaudencio Castañeda Pulido, her elder sister's 45-year-old partner  Peru Laura Marina Villanueva, from Santa Marta, Peru. Her older sister's 45-year-old companion, Gaudencio Castañeda Pulido, a former soldier and her neighbor, raped the girl three times, just before her birthday on June 24; he had previously impregnated the girl's then-15-year-old sister. Her pregnancy was discovered in late September, at 19 weeks, by chance after she was admitted for a snake bite. Castañeda Pulido went on the run when the discovery was reported in the media and continued threatening to kill the girl and her mother, Nidia Villanueva Tolentino. On January 24, 2012, she delivered a 2.21 kilograms (4.9 lb) boy by cesarean section, whom she named Justin, after singer Justin Bieber. Castañeda Pulido was sentenced to 35 years in jail.[174][175]
March 29, 2012 Unidentified 10 years Unknown; a 15-year-old associate of the girl was suspected  Colombia A girl of the Wayuu people gave birth to a 2.6 kg (5.7 lb), 47 cm (19 in) girl by cesarean section at a clinic in Riohacha.[176][177][178][179] She rejected her daughter.[citation needed]
May 2012 Unidentified 10 years,
9 months 		Antônio Lisboa Filho, her 28-year-old father  Brazil In late December 2011, Antônio Lisboa Filho, age 28, discovered that his ten-and-a-half-year-old daughter, whom he had been raping regularly since she was eight, was 4 months pregnant. He fled from Coroatá, Maranhão with his wife Maria Alves Conceição and their other children, abandoning the girl with her maternal grandmother, Francisca Maria Conceição. Conceição alerted authorities of the rape and the parents' subsequent escape. As the pregnancy had advanced past the legal cut-off date for abortions, the girl delivered the baby via cesarean section in early May 2012, a month before term.[180] Police also suspected the man of raping the girl's 8-year-old sister.[181]
May 11, 2012 Unidentified 10 years,
11 months 		Her 15-year-old distant cousin  Argentina The girl, from San Miguel, Argentina, was admitted to the Vidal hospital in Corrientes in early March 2012 after complaining of stomach pains and a swollen stomach. After an ultrasound the doctors realized that she was 26 weeks pregnant. The young girl stated that a 15-year-old distant cousin raped her in late August 2011. He has since been prosecuted. She gave birth one month before term by cesarean section to a 2.420 kg (5.34 lb), 45 cm (18 in) girl, who was named Tatiana and placed in an incubator and on a drip-feed.[182]
August 13, 2015 Mainumby (a court-appointed pseudonym)[183] 10-11 years[184] Gilberto Benítez Zárate, her 42-year-old stepfather  Paraguay The 10-year-old girl was brought to an Asunción hospital by her mother, who believed that she had a tumor, where doctors discovered that she was five months pregnant and alerted authorities. They told the mother that her daughter's life was at risk and she requested permission from the Paraguayan government for an abortion, which was denied. The case caused debate nationally and abroad about Paraguay's strict anti-abortion laws.[185][183] The stepfather fled, but was arrested in Boquerón, Caazapá Department. He denied paternity but a DNA test came out positive. Mainumby's mother had denounced Benítez for sexual abuse of her daughter four times in the previous year, yet authorities never intervened. After the pregnancy's discovery, she was herself arrested and charged with negligence and sexual abuse of a child, and sentenced to two months in prison for the former.[184][183][186][187]
August 5, 2019 Masenengen 10 years Unknown  Nigeria A girl from Nigeria gave birth to her daughter.[188]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ↑ Girls in India could customarily be married after reaching puberty.
  2. ↑ Thai law allows for the marriage of minors arranged by their parents.
  3. ↑ Rosa had been dubbed "the other Rosita" by the press in reference to the famous Rosa V. Reyes Fletes, another young Nicaraguan girl, born in late August 1993, who lived with her family in Costa Rica. In early 2003, she aborted her pregnancy at age ​9 1⁄2; it was done illegally, as her country prohibited abortion. Her case was later the subject of a documentary by American filmmakers Barbara Attie and Jane Goldwater.

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Little Mother". Time. 16 December 1957. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  2. ↑ "El increíble caso de Lina Medina: Madre a los 5 años" [The incredible case of Lina Medina: Mother at age 5]. Los archivos de la Tierra (in español). 4 June 2009. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 8 July 2012. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ Bogart, Rachel (20 June 2007). "The Story of Lina Medina, the World's Youngest Mother". Yahoo Voices. Archived from the original on 28 July 2014. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Mikkelson, Barbara; Mikkelson, David P., eds. (July 21, 2004). "Youngest Mother". Snopes.com. Retrieved 16 January 2009.
  5. ↑ "Six decades later, world's youngest mother awaits aid". The Telegraph: Calcutta. 27 August 2002. Archived from the original on August 28, 2002. Retrieved 30 June 2011. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  6. ↑ Keane, Hilda L. (1933). "A Case of Maternity at Seven Years of Age". British Medical Journal. 2 (3794): 567–569. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.3794.567. Retrieved 9 December 2011. Unknown parameter |s2cid= ignored (help)
  7. ↑ Хажинский, П. Х.; Ершов, С. И. (1933). "О «pubertas praecox» и беременность и срочные роды у шестилетней девочки" [About "pubertas praecox" and pregnancy and term delivery in a six-year-old girl]. Журнал акушерства и женских болезней. 44 (1): 173–180.
  8. ↑ Medvei, V.C. (1993) The History of Clinical Endocrinology: A Comprehensive Account of Endocrinology from Earliest Times to the Present Day, CRC Press, New York, 576 pages.
  9. ↑ Schmidt (1760). "Lettre écrite à Monsr. J. J. d'Annoni" [Letter written to Mr. J. J. d'Annoi]. Acta Helvetica (in français). 4: 167–168. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Family Records". Nealirc.org. Retrieved 13 August 2010.[self-published source]
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Lyall, Archibald (1936). The Future of Taboo in These Islands. K. Paul, Trench, Trubner. p. 114. ASIN B0006DAYAW. Search this book on
  12. ↑ Charles Zastrow; Karen K. Kirst-Ashman (10 February 2012). Brooks/Cole Empowerment Series: Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment. Cengage Learning. p. 281. ISBN 978-1-133-70889-6. Search this book on
  13. ↑ Janet Shibley Hyde (January 1986). Understanding Human Sexuality. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-031581-5. Search this book on
  14. ↑ Robert LeRoy Ripley (1957). Ripley's Believe it Or Not: Wonder Book of Strange Facts. Universal Guild. Search this book on
  15. ↑ Vaughn, Kathleen (1933). "Pregnancy in Childhood". British Medical Journal. 2 (3798): 759. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.3798.759-a. PMC 2369490. Retrieved 12 December 2012.
  16. ↑ Restrepo, Alonso; Perez R., Hernal; Uribe Piedrahita, Cesar; Urueta F., Carlos Adolfo; Uribe Jaramillo, Eugenio; Grau, Luis Carlos (1 June 1937). "Maternidad precoz" [Precocious maternity]. Boletín Clínico [Clinical Bulletin] (in español). 3 (9): 479–499. Retrieved 28 December 2011.
  17. ↑ "8 years 7 months 28 days mother". La Nación. 5 January 1958. Retrieved 13 May 2012.
  18. ↑ "Bambina, violentata dallo zio, partorisce a 8 anni" [Girl, raped by her uncle, gives birth at 8-year]. Corriere della Sera (in italiano). 15 January 1993. Retrieved 12 May 2012.
  19. ↑ "8-Year-Old Gives Birth in Mexico". Deseret News. 15 January 1993. Archived from the original on 25 September 2018. Retrieved 16 November 2011. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  20. ↑ "Estupor por embarazo a los 8 años" [Astonished at being pregnant at age 8]. El Tiempo [The Time(s)] (in español). 8 September 2004. Retrieved 12 May 2012.
  21. ↑ Williams, Dawson; Taylor, Charles Louis (1904). "Early Pregnancy". The British Medical Journal. 2: 52. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5243.52-a. Retrieved 17 November 2020. Unknown parameter |s2cid= ignored (help)
  22. ↑ Dodd, Henry (1881). "Remarkable Case of Early Maternity". American Medical Journal. 97: 264. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  23. ↑ "Remarkable Case of Early Maternity". The Canadian Journal of Medical Sciences. 6: 151. 1881. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  24. ↑ Pittman, V. I. (1908). "Pregnancy at Nine Years of Age". Memphis Medical Monthly. University of Michigan. 28 (6): 315. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
  25. ↑ "9-Year-Old Mother Has 2.5 lb Boy". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. 31 (5). 30 August 1957. p. 1. Retrieved 17 November 2011.
  26. ↑ "Dodge, Eva Francette". Encyclopedia of Arkansas. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  27. ↑ "Girl Of Eleven Now Is Mother". Spokane Daily Chronicle. 1957-08-17. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  28. ↑ "African Girl, 9, Gives Birth to a Baby". Williamson Daily News. 28 March 1966. Retrieved 17 November 2011.
  29. ↑ "Girl of nine has baby". The Sydney Morning Herald. 1967-10-20. Retrieved 17 November 2011.
  30. ↑ "Girl gives birth". Windsor Star. 19 October 1967. Retrieved 17 November 2011.
  31. ↑ "Mom at 9". Windsor Star. 9 December 1968. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
  32. ↑ "Peru Girl, 9, Gives Birth To Boy". Lakeland Ledger. 12 November 1971. Retrieved 17 November 2011.
  33. ↑ "Afrika'da 9 yaşında bir çocuk anne oldu". Milliyet (in Türkçe). Johannesburg, South Africa. 1980-07-10. p. 3. Retrieved 2011-03-04.
  34. ↑ The world's strangest mysteries. New York: Gallery Books. 1987. pp. 684–686. ISBN 0-8317-9678-2. Search this book on
  35. ↑ "S. African, 9, Gives Birth To Boy By cesarean Section". Jet. Johnson Publishing Company. 58 (20): 28. 1980-07-31. ISSN 0021-5996. Retrieved 2011-11-16.
  36. ↑ "Brazilian girl: mother at age 9". The Rock Hill Herald. 1986-04-11. p. 29. Archived from the original on 2022-01-22. Retrieved 2012-05-10. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  37. ↑ "Brazilian 9-year-old gives birth to a healthy 7-pounder". Deseret News. 1986-03-29. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  38. ↑ "Nine-year-old gives birth". The Calgary Herald. 1986-04-28. p. A20. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  39. ↑ "Girl, 9, gives birth". New Straits Times. 1990-03-16. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  40. ↑ "Cumhuriyet-15.3.1990 Günü 18. Sayfa" (in Türkçe). Cumhuriyetarsivi.com. 1990-03-15. Archived from the original on 2014-12-26. Retrieved 2014-04-23. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  41. ↑ "craintes d'exécution imminente / craintes de flagellation Leyla M." [Leyla M. threatened with death for child prostitution] (in français). Amnesty International. 2004-12-10.
  42. ↑ Iranian child victim of prostitution, BBC News
  43. ↑ "Iran has the status of being the world's last official executioner of children. Amnesty International is publishing this report..." amnestyusa.org.
  44. ↑ "Thai officials shocked to hear of nine-year-old becoming a mother". New Straits Times. 2001-03-10. Retrieved 2011-11-16.
  45. ↑ Posada, M.; Sanchez, M. (2003-04-04). "Reiteradas violaciones del padrastro" [Repeated rapes from her stepfather]. El Diario de Hoy [Today's Daily] (in español). Archived from the original on 2012-03-23. Retrieved 2011-12-10. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  46. ↑ Posada, Mario (2003-04-10). "Quiero que el niño crezca junto a mí" [I want the child (boy) to grow up with me]. El Diario de Hoy [Today's Daily] (in español). Archived from the original on 2004-11-08. Retrieved 2011-12-10. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  47. ↑ "S'pore student gives birth at 9". AsiaOne News. 2007-02-28. Archived from the original on 2007-05-21. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  48. ↑ "Madre por segunda vez con solo 11 años" [Mother for the second time at only 11 years of age]. El Tiempo [The Time] (in español) (Bogotá ed.). 2006-01-12. Retrieved 2012-08-01.
  49. ↑ "A los 11 años, mamá por segunda vez" [At age 11, mother for the second time]. El Tiempo [The Time] (in español). 2006-01-12. Retrieved 2012-08-01.
  50. ↑ Mugabe, Grace (2005-12-10). "Nine-year-old girl gives birth". The New Times. Archived from the original on 2007-10-13.
  51. ↑ "Nine-year-old girl gives birth". News24. 2006-07-08. Archived from the original on May 9, 2010. Retrieved 2011-11-16. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  52. ↑ "9yo girl gives birth in Amazon". ABC News Online. 2006-07-08. Retrieved 2011-11-16.
  53. ↑ "Una niña peruana de ocho años, embarazada de seis meses tras ser violada" [An 8-year-old Peruvian girl, 6 months pregnant after being raped]. El País [The Country] (in español). 2006-09-28. Retrieved 2012-07-10.
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  55. ↑ Lazo, Veronica (2006-12-10). "En el Valle de las Niñas Embarazadas" [In the Valley of the Pregnant Girls]. El Mundo [The World] (in español). Retrieved 2012-07-10.
  56. ↑ "Niña huanuqueña embarazada está cerca de ser madre" [Pregnant Huanucoan girl is close to becoming a mother]. El Comercio [(The) Commerce] (in español). 2006-12-01. Archived from the original on 2008-02-19.
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  63. ↑ "Girl, 9, gives birth". News Limited. 2010-02-02. Archived from the original on 2021-06-14. Retrieved 2021-05-24. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
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  76. ↑ "One Cent For Mrs. Bradley". The Baltimore Sun. 1905-12-13. Retrieved 2011-12-28.[permanent dead link](subscription required)
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  78. ↑ "Stork Brings Girl To 10-Year-Old Mother". The Toledo News-Bee. 13 April 1910. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  79. ↑ 79.0 79.1 "Girl Mother Accuses One". The Border Cities Star. 14 September 1922. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
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  81. ↑ "Pastor Prays For Jury That Convicted Him". Detroit Free Press. 17 December 1922. Retrieved 2011-12-09.[permanent dead link](subscription required)
  82. ↑ "Texas Girl, Age Ten is Mother". The Crawfordsville Review. 3 April 1923. Retrieved 2011-12-12.
  83. ↑ "Death Asked For Child's Despoiler at Corpus Christi". The Victoria Advocate. 23 May 1923. Retrieved 2011-12-12.
  84. ↑ "Prison For Father of Child's Baby". Rochester Evening Journal. 22 May 1923. Retrieved 2011-12-12.
  85. ↑ "Despoiler Given 15 Years". The Victoria Advocate. 23 May 1923. Retrieved 2011-12-12.
  86. ↑ "Ten-Year-Old Girl is Youngest Mother". Baltimore Afro-American. 5 April 1930. Retrieved 2011-12-19.
  87. ↑ "Ten-Year-Old Mother". St. Joseph News-Press. 12 October 1939. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  88. ↑ "8 Pound Baby Born To Girl, 10". Lewiston Morning Tribune. 11 January 1944. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  89. ↑ "Youngest Mother: 10 Years Old". Mount Washington News. 21 January 1944. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  90. ↑ "10-Year-Old Gives Birth To Daughter". Lewiston Morning Tribune. 16 March 1949. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  91. ↑ "10-Years-Old Girl Gives Birth To Son Weighing 7 3/4 Pounds". Meridian Daily Journal. 21 May 1949. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  92. ↑ "10-Year-Old Girl Gives Birth to Baby in Mississippi Town". The Washington Afro American. 20 June 1950. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  93. ↑ "10-Year-Old Girl Has 6.5 lb Son". Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. 23 June 1950. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  94. ↑ "10-Year-Old Girl Gives Birth to 7-Pound Child". Miami Sunday News. 25 July 1951. Retrieved 2011-12-19.[permanent dead link]
  95. ↑ "10-Year-Old Girl Becomes A Mother". The Calgary Herald. 22 June 1953. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  96. ↑ "Shows Little Interest: 10-Year-Old Prefers Doll to Baby". Los Angeles Times. 21 June 1953. Retrieved 2011-12-09.[permanent dead link](subscription required)
  97. ↑ "Girl, 10, Becomes Mother". Hartford Courant. 1 December 1954. Archived from the original on July 19, 2012. Retrieved 2011-12-12. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)(subscription required)
  98. ↑ "10-Year-Old Girl Is A Mother". The News and Courier. 8 December 1954. Archived from the original on 2022-01-22. Retrieved 2011-12-12. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  99. ↑ "10-Year-Old Girl Gives Birth in Spartanburg". The News and Courier. 7 October 1956. Retrieved 2011-12-09.[permanent dead link]
  100. ↑ "Son of 10-Year-Old". Spokane Daily Chronicle. 1958-01-22. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  101. ↑ "Girl, 10, Mother of 7-Pound Son". Star-News. 24 January 1958. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  102. ↑ "10-Year-Old Mom Likes Son Best". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. 26 February 1964. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  103. ↑ 103.0 103.1 103.2 "10-year-old gives birth". The Milwaukee Journal. 6 April 1984. Retrieved 2011-11-17.[permanent dead link]
  104. ↑ "10-Year-Old Has Baby in Chicago". The Free Lance–Star. 14 February 1964. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  105. ↑ "Names & Faces in the News". The Boston Globe. 22 September 1967. Retrieved 2011-12-09.[permanent dead link](subscription required)
  106. ↑ "Girl, 10, Gives Birth To Baby". Warsaw Times. 29 November 1968. Retrieved 2011-12-12.
  107. ↑ "Child Born To Girl, 10". The Blade. 1 August 1969. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  108. ↑ "10-year-old girl gives birth to boy". The Miami News. 16 August 1971. Archived from the original on 2021-11-08. Retrieved 2011-11-17. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  109. ↑ "Mother at the Age of 10". The Tuscaloosa News. 16 August 1971. Retrieved 2011-12-12.
  110. ↑ "10-year-old gives birth to twins; doing 'just fine'". The Gazette. 1 June 1979. Retrieved 2011-11-16.
  111. ↑ The world's strangest mysteries. New York: Gallery Books. 1987. p. 684. ISBN 0-8317-9678-2. Search this book on
  112. ↑ "10-year-old gives birth to premature baby". Merced Sun-Star. 13 July 1982. Archived from the original on 2020-10-08. Retrieved 2011-11-17. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  113. ↑ "10-year-old gives birth to premature baby". Mohave Daily Miner. 6 April 1984. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  114. ↑ Wattley, Philip; Wood, Henry (7 April 1984). "2 men held after girl, 10, has baby". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on July 12, 2012. Retrieved 2011-11-17. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)(subscription required)
  115. ↑ "Rape victim, 10, gives birth". Waterloo Region Record. 6 April 1996. Archived from the original on February 1, 2013. Retrieved 2011-12-28. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)(subscription required)
  116. ↑ "SAN MATEO COUNTY / Girl, 10, Gave Birth – Abuser Sentenced". San Francisco Chronicle. 1999-09-09. Retrieved 2012-07-20.
  117. ↑ [1][dead link]
  118. ↑ "Una niña de 10 años dio a luz una beba" [A 10-year-old girl gave birth to a baby]. La Nación [The Nation] (in español). 27 September 2000. Retrieved 2011-11-16.
  119. ↑ "Una niña de diez años fue madre, tras sufrir abuso sexual" [A girl of 10 years became a mother through suffering sexual abuse]. Terra (in español). 26 September 2000. Archived from the original on 29 September 2011. Retrieved 2011-11-16. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  120. ↑ Larbey, Christine (25 September 2002). "10-year-old delivers four-pound baby". The Star. Archived from the original on 2002-10-02. Retrieved 2011-12-28.
  121. ↑ "Niña de diez años da a luz en selva" [Girl of ten years gives birth in jungle]. El Siglo de Torreón (in español). 13 November 2003. Retrieved 2011-11-16.
  122. ↑ "Niña de 10 años dio a luz en Argentina" [Girl of 10 years gave birth in Argentina]. Terra (in español). 8 January 2004. Archived from the original on 2012-09-13. Retrieved 2011-12-28. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  123. ↑ "Niña de 10 años abusada por su padrastro dio a luz en Antofagasta" [Girl of 10 years abused by her stepfather gave birth in Antofagasta]. Radio Cooperativa [Cooperative Radio] (in español). 2005-04-15. Archived from the original on 2012-08-02. Retrieved 2011-11-16. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  124. ↑ "Pareja responsable de niña embarazada quedó en prisión preventiva" [Pair responsible for pregnant girl left in protective custody]. Radio Cooperativa [Cooperative Radio] (in español). 2005-01-10. Archived from the original on 2012-07-22. Retrieved 2011-11-16. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  125. ↑ "Niña de nueve años quedó embarazada tras presunta violación" [Girl of nine years left pregnant after presumed rape]. Radio Cooperativa [Cooperative Radio] (in español). 2005-01-09. Archived from the original on 2012-07-24. Retrieved 2011-11-16. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  126. ↑ "Calama: una niña boliviana embarazada a los 10 años" [Calama: A Bolivian girl pregnant at 10 years] (in español). 2005-01-12.[self-published source?]
  127. ↑ "10 year old gives birth in Kenya". XenForo. Archived from the original on 2021-05-15. Retrieved 2020-11-02. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  128. ↑ "10-year-old gives birth". Daily Times. 2005-09-20. Archived from the original on 2012-04-14. Retrieved 2011-11-16.
  129. ↑ "10-year-old gives birth to a child". The Times of India. 2005-09-20. Retrieved 2011-11-16.
  130. ↑ Monay, Patrick (2005-09-21). "Abusée, puis maman à 10 ans: le calvaire d'une élève comme les autres". 24 Heures (in français). Retrieved 2011-11-16.
  131. ↑ "Niña de 10 años dio a luz en Guanajuato" [Girl of 10 years gave birth in Guanajuato]. Univision (in español). 2006-04-07. Retrieved 2011-11-16.
  132. ↑ "Es madre desde los diez años y es relegada del apoyo del gobierno" [(She) is a mother from ten years and is relegated from government aid] (in español). Correo. 2007-05-11. Archived from the original on August 10, 2011. Retrieved 2011-11-16. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  133. ↑ "Man Sentenced For Impregnating 10-Year-Old". WYFF4. 2007-04-24. Archived from the original on 2011-11-28. Retrieved 2011-11-16. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  134. ↑ "Inmate details". public.doc.state.sc.us. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
  135. ↑ "Es una hermanita más para ella" [Another little sister for her]. Faro de Vigo (in español). 2007-11-24. Retrieved 2021-11-25.
  136. ↑ "AL: Menina de dez anos dá à luz bebê" [AL: Ten-year-old girl gives birth to a baby]. ClickPB (in português). 2006-06-14. Archived from the original on 2018-12-06. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  137. ↑ "10-year-old gives birth". Expatica. 2007-09-28. Archived from the original on 2008-06-15. Retrieved 2011-11-16. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  138. ↑ "Maman à dix ans à Maurice" (in français). Radio Moris. 2006-08-31. Archived from the original on April 3, 2015. Retrieved 2012-07-20. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)[self-published source?]
  139. ↑ "Inaceitável: menina de dez anos dá à luz" [Unacceptable: ten-year-old girl gives birth]. Diário do Nordeste (in português). 2006-11-01. Archived from the original on 2012-04-06. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  140. ↑ Almedia, Mozarly (2006-12-11). "Criança de 10 anos é mãe em Itapipoca" [10-year-old girl is mother in Itapipoca]. Diário do Nordeste (in português). Archived from the original on 2012-04-06. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  141. ↑ "Pide niña de 10 años ayuda para su embarazo" [10-year-old girl asks for help in her pregnancy]. Terra (in español). 2006-04-25. Archived from the original on 2007-07-02. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  142. ↑ "Pide ayuda médica niña de diez años embarazada de siete meses por violación" [10-year-old girl, 7 months pregnant, asks for medical aid]. El Porvenir [The Future] (in español). 2007-04-27. Archived from the original on 2012-03-25. Retrieved 2011-11-16. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  143. ↑ Martínez, Jessica Cecilia (2007-09-26). "Oaxaca: difícil situación vive Lucía, abusada por militar retirado" [Oaxaca: Lucía, abused by retired military man, lives in difficult situation]. CIMAC Noticias [CIMAC News] (in español). Archived from the original on 2019-03-28. Retrieved 2011-11-16. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  144. ↑ "Decide niña continuar embarazo producto de una violación" [Girl decides to continue pregnancy resulting from a rape]. Quadratin (in español). 2007-04-24. Retrieved 2011-11-16.
  145. ↑ "Una niña embarazada de un violador reabre la polémica del aborto terapéutico en Nicaragua" [A girl impregnated by a rapist reopens controversy of therapeutic abortion in Nicaragua]. El Mundo [The World] (in español). 2007-09-04. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
  146. ↑ Rosthchuh, Tatiana (2008-01-23). "Tiene sólo 10 años y 7 meses de embarazo" [(She) is only 10 years old and 7 months old and pregnant]. El Nuevo Diario [The New Daily] (in español). Archived from the original on 2012-01-20. Retrieved 2012-10-17. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  147. ↑ Eaton, Nate (2008-05-08). "Rape Victim was 9-Years-Old When She Got Pregnant; Other New Developments". KIDK. St. Anthony, Idaho: Fisher Communications. Archived from the original on 2008-05-10.
  148. ↑ "Rape Charge After Girl, 10, Delivers Baby". ABC News. 2008-05-08. Archived from the original on 2009-10-29. Retrieved 2011-11-16. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  149. ↑ "Rapist gets 5-year-to-life sentence". Standard Journal. November 25, 2008.
  150. ↑ Roustan, Wayne K. (2011-03-23). "Lantana man gets life in prison for impregnating girl, 9". SunSentinel.
  151. ↑ "Inmate Population Information Detail". www.dc.state.fl.us.
  152. ↑ "Minas Gerais: menina de 10 anos é abusada e está grávida" [Minas Gerais: 10-year-old girl is abused and is pregnant]. UOL Mais (in português). 2009-03-20. Archived from the original on 2015-04-03. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  153. ↑ "Meninas de 10 e 15 anos grávidas" [Girls ages 10 and 15 are pregnant]. UAI (in português). 2009-03-21. Archived from the original on 2016-01-20. Retrieved 2020-03-16. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  154. ↑ Stujit, Adriana (2009-06-06). "Ten-year-old Cape Town child 8 months pregnant". Censorbugbear reports.
  155. ↑ Lee, Michael (2010-01-19). "10-Y-0 Gives Birth in St Bess – Baby dies three weeks later". The Jamaica Star. Archived from the original on 2010-04-11. Retrieved 2011-12-12. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  156. ↑ Vaca Justiniano, Berthy (2009-10-30). "Niña violada está embarazada" [Raped girl is pregnant]. El Deber [The Duty] (in español). Archived from the original on 30 January 2010. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  157. ↑ Lacio, Freddy (2010-01-06). "La niña abusada por sus hermanastros dio a luz" [The girl abused by her stepbrothers gave birth]. El Deber [The Duty] (in español). Archived from the original on November 14, 2012. Retrieved 2011-12-09. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  158. ↑ Peña y Lillo, C.; Escobar, R. (2012-05-09). "Investigan el abuso a niña que vuelve a dar a luz" [Abuse of a girl who returns to give birth investigated]. El Deber [The Duty] (in español). Archived from the original on 2012-12-31. Retrieved 2012-07-22. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  159. ↑ "91 niñas de 10 a 13 años dieron a luz el año pasado" [91 girls of ages 10 to 13 gave birth in the past year]. El Deber [The Duty] (in español). 2012-05-10. Archived from the original on 2012-12-31. Retrieved 2012-07-22. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  160. ↑ "Una menor de 12 años da a luz a su segundo hijo" [A minor of 12 years gives birth to her second child]. El Día [The Day] (in español). 2012-05-09. Archived from the original on 2015-04-03. Retrieved 2012-07-22. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  161. ↑ "Niña huye y descubren que su padre la violaba" [Girl escapes and it's discovered that her father raped her]. Ultimas Noticias de Bolivia [Latest News from Bolivia] (in español). 2012-05-12. Archived from the original on 2021-03-03. Retrieved 2012-07-22. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  162. ↑ Глебова, Светлана (July 13, 2010). "В ТАТАРСТАНЕ 10-ЛЕТНЯЯ ДЕВОЧКА РОДИЛА ЗДОРОВОГО РЕБЕНКА". Комсомольская Правда. Archived from the original on 2013-11-01 – via Tatpressa.ru. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  163. ↑ Señase, Charlie C. (2010-08-28). "Girl, 10, gives birth; dad charged with incest". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on 2010-08-31. Retrieved 2011-11-17. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  164. ↑ "The youngest mother in Philippine history". GMA News. 2012-05-29. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
  165. ↑ "Report: 10-Year-Old Gives Birth in Spain". CBS News. 2010-11-02. Archived from the original on 2010-11-03. Retrieved 2010-11-02.
  166. ↑ "La prima de la madre de 10 años: "El padre tiene 20 años y además es su primo hermano"" [Cousin of the 10-year-old mother: "The father is 20 years old and is also her first cousin"]. Telecinco (in español). 2010-11-05. Retrieved 2012-05-12.
  167. ↑ ABCDESEVILA (3 November 2010). "La niña de 10 años que dio a luz en Jerez llegó embarazada desde Rumanía – abcdesevilla.es". ABCDESEVILA.
  168. ↑ "Niña Wiwa de diez años dió a lus una bebé" [Ten-year-old Wiwan girl gave birth to a baby] (in español). Caracol Radio. 2010-11-01. Archived from the original on 2013-01-02. Retrieved 2011-12-09. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  169. ↑ "Una niña de 10 años da a luz a un varoncito en la maternidad" [10-year-old girl gave birth to a boy in the maternity ward]. El Deber [The Duty]. 2011-11-13. Archived from the original on 2012-12-31. Retrieved 2011-12-09. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  170. ↑ "Niña mbya fue madre a los diez años" [Mbyá girl was a mother at 10 years of age]. Territorio Digital [Digital Territory] (in español). 2011-01-19. Archived from the original on 2012-04-06. Retrieved 2022-05-04.
  171. ↑ Boyle, Christina (2011-11-10). "10-year-old Mexican girl gives birth to baby boy after 31-week pregnancy". Daily News. Archived from the original on November 16, 2011. Retrieved 2011-11-16. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  172. ↑ Jiménez, Carlos; Cruz, Elvia (2011-11-10). "Madre a los 10 años y sin ayuda" [Mother at age 10 and without help]. La Razón [The Reason] (in español). Archived from the original on 2015-04-03. Retrieved 2012-05-14. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  173. ↑ Cruz López, Elvia (2011-11-14). "El padrastro acusado de violar a menor en Puebla" [The stepfather accused of raping a minor in Puebla]. La Razón [The Reason] (in español). Archived from the original on 2011-11-15. Retrieved 2012-05-14. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  174. ↑ "Niña de 10 años es madre por violación" [10-year-old girl is mother by rape]. Perú21 (in español). 2012-02-04. Archived from the original on 2012-02-07.
  175. ↑ Godoy, Jeremías (2012-02-02). "Piden cárcel para maldito" [Jail is sought for wicked man]. Correo (in español). Archived from the original on 2014-04-19.
  176. ↑ "10-Year-Old Gives Birth To Baby Daughter in Colombia". The Inquisitr. 2012-04-06. Retrieved 2012-04-07.
  177. ↑ "Colombian girl, 10, gives birth to baby girl". The Daily Telegraph. 2012-04-06. Archived from the original on 2022-01-11. Retrieved 2012-04-07. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  178. ↑ "10-Year-Old Girl Gives Birth to Daughter". ABC News. 2012-04-01. Retrieved 2012-04-07.
  179. ↑ "Niña wayúu de 11 años dio a luz en Riohacha" [11-year-old Wayú girl gave birth in Riohacha] (in español). RCN Radio. 2012-03-30. Archived from the original on 2012-04-09. Retrieved 2012-04-07. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  180. ↑ Aguiar, Daniel (2012-01-24). "Coroatá-MA: Pai engravida filha de 10 anos e foge com a mãe da menina" (in português).
  181. ↑ "Pai que engravidou a filha de 10 anos pode ter abusado de su outra filha de 8 anos" (in português). 2012-01-26. Archived from the original on 2017-03-08. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  182. ↑ "Una niña de 10 años violada por un primo lejano de 15 años fue madre en Corrientes" [Girl of 10 years raped by distant cousin, age 15, became mother in Corrientes]. lanacion [thenation] (in español). 2012-05-12. Archived from the original on 2012-05-15. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  183. ↑ 183.0 183.1 183.2 Blair, Laurence (2015-08-13). "Paraguayan 11-year-old gives birth after pregnancy sparked abortion debate". The Guardian. Retrieved 2022-05-04.
  184. ↑ 184.0 184.1 "THEY NEVER SAW ME AS A PERSON, THEY SAW ME AS AN INCUBATOR" (PDF). Amnesty International. On 24 May, Mainumby's 11th birthday, her mother was able to visit her for the first time for 15 minutes. Mainumby gave birth by caesarean section on 13 August.
  185. ↑ Cué, Carlos E. (5 May 2015). "Paraguay impide el aborto de una niña violada de 10 años y 34 kilos". El País – via elpais.com.
  186. ↑ "ADN comprobó la paternidad de denunciado – Nacionales – ABC Color". abc.com.py. ABC Color.
  187. ↑ Santi Carneri Tamaryn (2020-11-20). "From child pregnancy to childbirth: when a pregnant girl's only option is the path set out for her by the religious lobby". Equal Times. A similar case created a media uproar around the world in 2015. Ten-year-old Mainumby, the pseudonym she was given to protect her from discrimination and harassment in her neighbourhood, was also forced to carry her pregnancy to term after being raped, in this case by her stepfather.
  188. ↑ Kasinja, Mc Noel (8 October 2020). "Youngest Mother In Africa: Girl (10) Gave Birth in Nigeria".

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