Manglish (Malayalam)
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Manglish (Malayalam: മംഗ്ലീഷ് (maṅgḷīṣŭ)), refers to various mixings of the Malayalam and English languages.
The name is a portmanteau of the names of the two languages and has been variously composed.
Distribution[edit]
This form of code-switching is more commonly seen in urban and suburban centers of Kerala, but is slowly spreading into rural and remote areas via television and word of mouth.[1] Many speakers do not realize that they are incorporating English words into Malayalam sentences or Malayalam words into English sentences.[1] For example, instead of saying nanni for "thank you", most people say thanks or "thangyu" or use English numbers and other words while speaking Malayalam."[1] This type of Malayalam speaking is slowly growing outside of cities like Kochi, Thiruvanthapuram, and Kozhikode but it's most common in Kochi. As English becomes more and more prevalent, it can be seen in small towns, villages, and even rural areas.[1]
Another factor contributing to the spread of Manglish is the popularity of Mollywood films and TV channels.[1]
Malayali diasporas[edit]
Use of Manglish has been reported among Malayalam-speaking immigrant populations in US and Canada.
Characteristics[edit]
English words are commonly inserted into sentences that otherwise follow Malayalam syntax.
A characteristic of Manglish or Malayali-English code-switching is the addition of Malayalam affixes to English words.[2] The sound "u" /ɨ̆/ is added at the end of an English noun to create a Malayalam noun form, as in "soundu" /sɐu̯ɳɖɨ̆/. English nouns often are combined with Malayalam case markers, as in "journeye" /d͡ʒɐrɳije/ or /d͡ʒəːɳije/ (accusative case), "driverinu" /ɖrɐiʋɐrinɨ̆/ (dative case, used to mean "for the driver"), and "teacherodu" /ʈiːt͡ʃːɐroːɖɨ̆/ (to the teacher, sociative case). Verbs and some nouns from the English language are converted to Malayalam verb forms by adding Malayalam verbalizers that indicate verb tense. For example, the Malayalam verb "chey/cheyyu" (/t͡ʃej~t͡ʃejjɨ̆/) is added to the English verb "drive", resulting in "drive chey" /ɖrɐiʋɨ̆ t͡ʃej/ (may become drivey /ɖrɐiʋej/ in fast speech), used to mean "do the driving". In questions, an -a gets suffixed as in "booka?" ("a book?") instead of changing the tone as in English.
Film[edit]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
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