National-revolutionary movement
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The national-revolutionary movement, sometimes called national-revolutionary, is a nebula made up of nationalisms that are strongly distinct from traditional nationalism, in the sense that they are more involved in the social question involved geopolitically.[1]
National-revolutionary movements are characterized by their common positions and not by their internal antagonisms, nor by their positioning on the political spectrum; in fact, according to the countries and their positions on certain issues, they are classified on the right-wing/far-right[2][3] or on the left-wing/far-left[4] but above all they are ideologically syncretic.
Appelation and term[edit]
The term national-revolutionary (Nationalrevolutionäre) appeared in Germany in the 1920s.[5]
Common denominators[edit]
Common main ideas are:
• Social-nationalism with a populist variant.[6]
• The defence of the nation-state or the foundation of a new one.[7]
• A rejection of Nazism, Americanism, Marxism[5] as well as a large part of the counter-revolutionary philosophical school (notably Joseph de Maistre, Louis de Bonald or Edmund Burke).
• Anti-Americanism and anti-Zionism based on the rejection of “American-Zionist imperialism" and the imposition of world hegemony, as well as by rejection of the values advocated by the United States and support for nationalist movements in the Third World.[5] Also, American values supporting liberalism, capitalism, and individualism are contrary to national-revolutionary communitarian, socialist, and illiberal ideas.
Description[edit]
Philippe Baillet writes that the term national-revolutionary movement designates a broad current, characterized above all by a desire to overcome the right-left divide. Baillet, who was close to this type of movement, notes:
Their hostility to capitalism and the world of finance is more marked, at least expressed more virulently [...] They viscerally hate the United States of America, in the context of a criticism that goes beyond the political fight against "American imperialism" to extend to a global and systematic rejection of American civilization [...] often, they feed in connection with this Americanophobia [...] A detestation of the State of Israel.[8]
Patrick Edery notes that if the National Revolutionaries have no electoral weight, they have a non-negligible ideological influence on right-wing and left-wing movements, which means that they have catch-all ideas.[9]
Opinions, criticisms and repressions[edit]
Criticisms[edit]
The French translator Philippe Baillet, a neo-rightist, who was long associated with the traditionalist-revolutionary movement, became a virulent critic of these ideologies; 2016 his book was published: The Other Third-Worldism: from the Origins to Radical Islamism / Between Defense of Race and anti-imperialist Solidarity where he criticizes the national-revolutionary and certain tendencies of the far-right, in particular considering that these only deal with political and geopolitical subjects, for this one, the "defense of the race" would take a back seat in these circles.[5]
French conservative columnist Patrick Edery notes:
The galaxy, with often shady customs, of national-revolutionaries, left-wing nationalists, right-wing nationalists, national socialists, national-socialists and national bolsheviks has almost no electoral weight but is very influential ideologically among militants and leaders of the right and the left. [...] The convergence of the struggles of this nebula is based on the identification of a common enemy for various reasons: the US.[9]
Repressions[edit]
Under the Third Reich, persecutions affected the German national-revolutionaries who, in the German nationalist movement, refused to ally themselves with the regime of Adolf Hitler and condemned the regime, causing arrests and murders of national-revolutionaries by the Nazis.[10]
In Peru, National-Revolutionary supporters of Juan Velasco Alvarado were purged from the Peruvian Army by order of Francisco Morales Bermúdez.
In Poland, several Falanga members were charged in 2019 with committing a terrorist act in Ukraine in a court in Kraków.
In 2019, the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) presented recommendations to the Republic of Poland on the implementation of the provisions of the International Convention on Racial Discrimination of 1966, in which it demanded that Poland ban and criminalize Falanga.[11]
National-revolutionary symbols[edit]
See also[edit]
- Entryism
- Revolutionary nationalism
- Left-wing nationalism
- National syndicalism
- National Bolshevism
- Syncretic politics
- Red–green–brown alliance
- Christian socialism
- Ulusalcılık
References[edit]
- ↑ "Ribelli e borghesi". Ariannaeditrice.it (in italiano).
- ↑ « Front historique », Année Zéro, mai 1976.
- ↑ Joseph Algazy (1989). L'extrême-droite en France de 1965 à 1984. Éditions L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2-7384-0229-5. BNF: 36638062b. Search this book on
- ↑ Marcel Niedergang, "Revolutionary Nationalism in Peru" in Foreign Affairs, April 1971, vol. 49, no. 3, p. 454
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Baillet, Philippe (2016). L'autre tiers-mondisme: des origines à l'islamisme radical (in français). pp. 161–193. ISBN 978-2-913612-61-7. OCLC 961035695. Search this book on
- ↑ Thomas Pfeiffer, Die Neue Rechte in Deutschland, p. 108.
- ↑ Uwe Sauermann: Ernst Niekisch. Zwischen allen Fronten. Mit einem bio-bibliographischen Anhang von Armin Mohler. München, Berlin: Herbig, 1980, 236 S., ISBN 3-7766-1013-1 Search this book on . S. 219 – 236)
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedBaillet - ↑ 9.0 9.1 Patrick Edery (February 2023). "Le Nid D'Agents Russes en France Est-Il Dangereux? Les Réseaux De La Droit Et La Désinformation Russe". deliberatio.eu (in français).
- ↑ Birgit Rätsch-Langejürgen: Das Prinzip Widerstand. Leben und Wirken von Ernst Niekisch Dissertation Universität München, 1994/95. Bonn: Bouvier, 1997, 392 S., ISBN 3-416-02608-X Search this book on .
- ↑ "ONZ apeluje do Polski o delegalizację Młodzieży Wszechpolskiej i ONR-u". wyborcza.pl.
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