Political repression in Venezuela
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Political repression in Venezuela has been as old as the existence of the republic, and has been carried out through arrests, torture and exile of opponents. Some governments in power have consolidated their power through media censorship, which is why repression was sometimes known after the governments themselves ended, as in the case of the dictatorships of Juan Vicente Gómez and Marcos Pérez Jiménez.
History
| Governments | Period | Murders | Disappearances | Political arrests | Exile | Political disqualifications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simón Bolívar | 1816-1819 | Manuel Piar | ||||
| Guzmanato | Siglo XIX | Matías Salazar | Confirmed | |||
| Dictatorship of Cipriano Castro | 1899-1908 | Antonio Paredes[1] | Some bankers | |||
| Dictatorship of Juan Vicente Gómez | 1908-1935 | Confirmed. | Hundreds of people[2](between them: Germán Suárez Flamerich, Andrés Eloy Blanco, Román Delgado Chalbaud) | Thousands of people[2](between them: Leopoldo Baptista[3] / Rómulo Betancourt) | ||
| Eleazar López Contreras | 1935-1941 | Rómulo Betancourt | ||||
| El Trienio Adeco | 1945-1948 | Eleazar López Contreras / Isaías Medina Angarita | ||||
| Dictatorship of Marcos Pérez Jiménez | 1948-1958 | 11[4](taken to trial: Antonio Pinto Salinas, Leonardo Ruiz Pineda, Luis Hurtado Higuera, Germán González, León Droz Blanco, Wilfrido Omaña, Jesús Alberto Blanco, Cástor Nieves Ríos, Rafael Simón Urbina, Genaro Salinas, Ramón Alirio García) | 4000[5](between them: Raúl Leoni, Jaime Lusinchi, Rafael Caldera, Ramón José Velázquez, Teodoro Petkoff) | Rómulo Betancourt | ||
| Presidency of Raúl Leoni | 1964-1969 | Alberto Lovera | ||||
| First presidency of Carlos Andrés Pérez | 1974-1979 | Jorge Antonio Rodríguez | ||||
| Second presidency of Carlos Andrés Pérez | 1989-1993 | 276 (official numbers) - 2000 (estimated)[6] | Confirmed [6] | |||
| Hugo Chávez | 1999-2013 | 49[7] | 271[8] | |||
| Nicolás Maduro | 2013- | 9.465[9](murdered by police and military between 2013-2023, among them: Fernando Albán Salazar, Rafael Acosta Arévalo, Óscar Pérez) | 33[10] | 53.075[9] (for political reasons or within the framework of illegal actions by police and/or military) |
1441[11] |
References
- ↑ Elías Pino Iturrieta. "Gobierno de Cipriano Castro". Fundación Empresas Polar.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Gobierno de Juan Vicente Gómez". Fundación Empresas Polar.
- ↑ "Baptista, Leopoldo". Fundación Empresas Polar.
- ↑ "Artículo sobre los crímenes de la Seguridad Nacional". El Universal. Archived from the original on 2009-07-28. Retrieved 2024-02-26.
- ↑ Rómulo Betancourt (1952). "Campos de Concentración para los Venezolanos y Millones de Dólares para las Compañías Petroleras". Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Caracazo: cuando los militares masacraron a los civiles". 20 Minutos. 27 March 2015.
- ↑ Faggioni, Miguel (2016-07-09). "Nicolás Maduro tiene ocho veces más presos políticos que Hugo Chávez". Foro Penal (in español). Retrieved 2023-09-13.
- ↑ Imparcial, El. "CHÁVEZ INHABILITA LA OPOSICIÓN". El Imparcial (in español). Retrieved 2023-09-13.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Cristina Cifuentes (2023-04-17). "ONG denuncia que durante gobierno de Maduro 9.465 personas han sido asesinadas por la policía y militares". La Tercera. Retrieved 2023-08-08.
- ↑ "Desaparición Forzada como Herramienta de Represión Política en Venezuela" (PDF). Foro Penal. 31 May 2020.
- ↑ "Venezuela: inhabilitaciones como garrote contra la oposición". Deutsche Welle. 4 July 2023.
es:Represión política en Venezuela
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