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Reimu Hakurei

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Reimu Hakurei
Touhou Project character
File:Reimu Hakurei.png
First appearance
Created byZUN
Information
NicknameShrine Maiden of Paradise
SpeciesHuman
GenderFemale
OccupationShrine Maiden
WeaponGohei
ReligionShintoism
OriginGensokyo
Nationality Japanese

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Reimu Hakurei (博麗 霊夢, Hakurei Reimu) is a character created by the Japanese video game developer and designer ZUN. She is the main protagonist of the Touhou Project series, making appearances in nearly every installment of the series. While she made her debut in the Breakout-inspired video game Highly Responsive to Prayers, the shoot 'em up gameplay would be established with the second installment of the series, Story of Eastern Wonderland.

As the sole shrine maiden of the Hakurei Shrine, she frequently involves herself in any conflict or incidents across the fictional realm of Gensokyo to invesitgate and resolve them. Reimu uses a vide variety of spell cards that give her different abilities and a gohei as her primary weapon.

Concept and creation[edit]

During his high school years, ZUN thought that not enough video games featured the more traditional theme of miko. Being a composer, ZUN figured that the best way to feature his works as well as create a series based around miko was through developing his own video games.[1] Like the series name, Reimu's character design was likely inspired by Sayo-chan from KiKi KaiKai according to Yostar's Creative Train's interview with ZUN.[2]

Characteristics[edit]

Appearance[edit]

Her exact age is unknown, being only described as a "girl". Her hair color is commonly black but is dark brown in Imperishable Night and Phantasmagoria of Flower View, and purple throughout the PC-98 games. Her overall appearance varies depending on the game but is always recognizable with a large red ribbon in the back of her head.

She wears a shrine maiden outfit based mainly on red. This shrine maiden costume has no sleeves, and Reimu has her white sleeves tied around her arms separately, exposing her shoulders and armpits, and wearing a skirt instead of a hakama. Her dress was designed and manfucatured by Rinnosuke Morichika, the owner of the antique shop "Kourindo". The design of her attire has subtle differences in each game. In Embodiment of Scarlet Devil, Patchouli and Flandre refer to her by signature colors "red-white".[3][4] In Perfect Cherry Blossom, Alice comments on her appearance, stating "In the end, shrine maidens are two colors".[5]

Abilities[edit]

Reimu's main attack consists of using shide as projectiles with her primary secondary attack throwing ying-yang orbs which bounce repeatedly. The type of trajectory her shots can vary on each game but are can be adjustable with variants in each game. In the fighting game spin-offs, she attacks her opponent with direct blows and with her gohei. She is also as described as having the ability to "float" which was described by Marisa as being an ability naturally born within Reimu.[6] This ability could be seen during a duel between her and Marisa in the third chapter of Curiosities of Lotus Asia where Marisa's projectiles would always naturally curve away from Reimu with Rinnosuke noting that when she fights in a more laid-back style, her duels against Marisa would often end up in her way.[7]

Spell cards[edit]

Like with most characters in the Touhou Project, Reimu has access to various spell cards which enable her to perform various attacks. The types of spell cards vary on the game.

The first spell cards Reimu would gain in the main shoot 'em up games – the Fantasy Seal, a projectile-based attack which several large luminous orbs emerge from her body and home-in on the her target until they either hit or miss if her target manages to avoid them;[8] and the Evil-Sealing Circle, an attack offering a balance of damage and range but would be overall weak. Both of these spell cards would re-appear in future installments and with variations such as the Fantasy Seal having "Spread" and "Concentrate" variants in Perfect Cherry Blossom. The third spell card would be introduced in Perfect Cherry Blossom titled the Duplex Barrier, which grants Reimu the abilities of temporary invincibility as well as damaging any enemies that would make contact with the barrier.[9]

Imperishable Night would change the general mechanics on how player-controlled spell cards would be structured as Reimu's Fantasy Nature attack would be categorized as a "Last Word" spell card which are spell cards which would be unlocked upon meeting specific requirements via the Spell Practice mode. Despite this, she would still retain one spell card unlocked by default known as the Fantasy Orb. Phantasmagoria of Flower View would introduce various spell cards with the most recognizable of them being her Yin-Yang Orb attack which initially debuted in Highly Responsive to Prayers. The Orb would later gain the ability of serving as a communicator during the events of Subterranean Animism after Yukari used it to stay in touch with the rest of the yōkai. It's ability of serving as communicator would be referenced in the tenth chapter of the manga Oriental Sacred Place.[10]

Personality[edit]

With a simple and straightforward personality, Reimu is noted to have a mysterious atmosphere that attracts people and youkai alike.[11] With the belief that hard work doesn't pay off, she often doesn't put much effort into her tasks due to her laziness.[12] Her personality is comparable to that of Alice's personality as her philosophy of "If you fight with all your strength and lose, you won't get serious, so you won't get serious" is said to be similar to her Reimu.

Because she dislikes training and rarely trains, his strength in gameplay is described as "moderate".[12] In her description in Immaterial and Missing Power, she makes up for her lack of training with her natural talent and is said to be extremely strong.[13]

Since her job is to exterminate yōkai deemed to be a threat, she has a strict attitude toward youkai but Reimu herself isn't very interested in humans or yōkai. Although she treats everyone equally,[14] she doesn't particularly see anyone as a friend.[15] Someone she often considers a friend however would be Marisa as the two often hang out in the Hakurei Shrine in most extra stage prologues and work together at times. Despite duels and fights breaking out between them over a variety of reasons, they resolve any differences that had occurred. Ruthless when it comes to her work,[16] her reuptation among the yōkai is either that of admiration from the strongest or fear from the weakest.[14]

Appearances and evolution[edit]

General role[edit]

Reimu serves as the primary protagonist of the Touhou Project, being a playable character in nearly every game unlike other protagonists of the series. While the exact conflict and scenario varies per game, they mostly have the common goal of Reimu looking to investigate and neutralize any unknown force deemed to be a threat to the inhabitants of Gensokyo. When not actively engaing, she works as a shrine maiden at Hakurei Shrine. For that reason, she also possesses the ability to exterminate yōkai using tools exclusive to the Hakurei Shrine maiden such as her gohei for melee attacks and Yin-Yang spheres, Persuasion Needles, and ofuda for ranged attacks.

For generations, the shrine maiden of Hakurei Shrine manages the Great Hakurei Barrier, exterminate and neutralize yōkai and resolve any incidents that occur. The Hakurei Shrine and the Hakurei shrine maiden are said to be essential for the maintenance of Gensokyo. In Perfect Cherry Blossom, it is stated that she was the only one who owned the shrine. Before Reimu became active, the Hakurei Shrine had a decent number of visitors and it was said that yōkai didn't go near the shrine but during Reimu's generation, it was given the nickname of the "Yōkai Shrine" and was inhabited by yōkai.[17]

The reason for the lack of an omikuji in the Hakurei Shrine but is because Reimu doesn't believe in the idea that hard work will be rewarded.[12] Despite this, Marisa would mix suekichi with misfortune.[18] Despite being a shrine maiden, Reimu himself doesn't really know much about the god her shine is dedicated towards.

Main series[edit]

PC-98 games[edit]

Although the Touhou Project series debuted with the release of the first game for the PC-98, Highly Responsive to Prayers in 1997, its first game for the shoot 'em up genre would come with the release of Story of Eastern Wonderland.[19] In these games, Reimu would progress through six stages along with an "extra stage" which is separate from the main story. Unlike most stages where the player has free control over moving around the stage, Reimu has to wait for stage enemies to appear and avoid their bullets. At the end of each stage, she would have to face a respective boss with the difficulty ramping up in later stages. The actual location of these stages varies radically per game due to each game having a different scenario which often take place in different settings.

Windows games[edit]

Beginning with Embodiment of Scarlet Devil, the Touhou Project would mark the beginning of the first generation of titles on Microsoft Windows. Reimu's role within the plot of Embodiment of Scarlet Devil consists of her investigating a mist which leads her to the Scarlet Mansion and confronted with its owner, Remilia as she had summoned the mist due to sunlight being a weakness for vampires like her. After being defeated, Remilia visits the Hakurei Shrine to meet up with Reimu and Marisa but this is cut short as a sudden thunderstorm breaks out around the Scarlet Mansion by Patchouli in order to keep the recently free Flandre within the vicnity of the Mansion.[20] The plot of Perfect Cherry Blossom has Reimu finding the root cause for the harsh winter and lack of spring despite the game's events being set in May with the only clue having found some petals that originated from the Netherworld.[12] She eventually makes her way to Hakugyokurou where Yuyuko resides at and was attempting to get her blossom tree, Saigyou Ayakashi to bloom by gatheringe the essence of spring.[21] After the main story, Reimu and Marisa would realize the amount the abnormal amount of ghosts in Gensokyo which prompts Yuyuko to visit the Hakurei Shrine to alert them about the barrier being weakened by Yukari.[22] In Imperishable Night, due to being unable to rest, Yukari heads to the Hakurei Shrine to alert Reimu about the full moon being replaced with a fake one as well as convincing her to launch an investigation about the whole matter. This later leads to the two confronting either Eirin or Kaguya with the former explaining that she had sealed the moon to prevent the Lunarians from being able to find Kaguya due to both being exiles. After undoing the seal upon being defeated, Kaguya sends Reimu and Yukari to fight her eternal rival Mokou as a "test of guts".[11] Imperishable Night would also mark the first appearance of Reimu's theme Dream Battle as this was the first title where she could be fought as an enemy.[23]

The plot for Phantasmagoria of Flower View has Reimu searching for answers after noting the unusual amount of flowers blooming which then directs her to confront Komachi Onozuka at Muenzuka who was caught slacking off at her job of carrying the dead across the Sanzu River. After being defeated, her employer Sikieiki Yamaxanadu explains that a mass exodus of dead spirits from the human world began showing up which resulted in difficulties to accommodate all of them and after the spirits finish crossing the river would the amount of blooming flowers settle down.[24] During the events of Mountain of Faith, another shrine maiden known as Sanae would approach the Hakurei Shrine and demand its closure to submit to the new goddess located at Yōkai Mountain. Heading there, Reimu confronts the Moriya Shrine and defeats Sanae and it's resident goddess Kanako. After inviting everyone to watch the autumn leaves, Marisa would mention a rumor about a second goddess living at the Shrine which would lead Reimu to find and defeat the original goddess of the shrine, Suwako. In Subterranean Animism, a geyser would appear near the Hakurei Srine during winter which would progenerate evil spirits.[25] Reimu would then decide to investigate the circumstances with either Yukari, Suika, or Aya. Fighting her way through the Underworld, she eventually reaches the Palace of the Earth Spirits where Satori resides as her two pets, Rin and Utsuho were the main culprits behind the incident with the latter using her newfound powers to generate the geysers. When asked about how she received her newfound powers, Utsuho would state that Kanako and Suwako were conducting experiments with her. Reaching to Yōkai Mountain once more, she would be confronted with Koishi who was also looking for who was responsible.

In Undefined Fantastic Object, Reimu deicdes to go after a flying treasure ship that had recently appeared through the skies of Gensokyo. The captain of the ship, Minamitsu lets Reimu know that she's heading for Makai to revive a saint there. After arriving there, she meets Byakuren, a Buddhist monk who was sealed by humans in the past due to her kindness towards yōkai.[26] After defeating her and coming to a truce, she and Byakuren fly around the ship and notices a strange light emitting from the ship which was later revealed to be Nue who was the one responsible for the UFOs. Ten Desires sees a abnormal amount of divine spirits appear which prompts Reimu to deduct the culprit. After realizing that Yuyuko wasn't the culprit, she is directed to the Myouren Temple where its discovered that the spirits were all heading for the Hall of Dreams' Great Mausoleum. Heading towards there and defeating Mononobe no Futo and Toyosatomimi no Miko, Reimu finds out that Mamizou was called by Nue to deal with Reimu's persistent extermination of yōkai.[27] Double Dealing Character would remove the complexity of previous titles due to the game's overall theme of being a "neo-retro bullet hell shooter from the 2000s, neither new nor retro".[28] The game's plot consists of Reimu finding out that yōkai that were previously passive had become aggressive and later learns that several yōkai at the Shining Needle Castle were plotting social upheaval. After defeating one of the conspirators, Seija, she would direct Reimu to the inner parts of the castle, defeating the other conspirator, Shinmyoumaru. Afterwards, a storm outside caused by Raiko occurred and Reimu would intervene, defeating and letting her go under the promise of not causing any further incidents in the future.

Legacy of Lunatic Kingdom would be more story-focused with a different premise, diverse alternate endings and new gameplay mechanics. However, familiar elements of the series would remain in the game.[29] Reimu's scenario within the game sees her wondering about mysterious machines randomly appearing and withering the lands of Gensokyo. Under Eirin's orders, Reimu heads for the Moon to prevent an invasion from the Lunarians due to the citizens being placed in a illusional version of the Lunar Capital within the Dream World. She later learns that some of them are looking to migrate to Gensokyo due to someone attacking the now-empty Lunar Capital. Heading to the nearby Sea of Tranquility, Reimu finds out that the culprit of the attack of the Lunar Capital was Junko and after defeating her, heads back to Gensokyo. Despite this though, many moon rabbits remain in the Dream World and it's later revealed that the goddess of Hell, Hecatia was the other culprit responsible for putting the moon rabbits in the Dream World. The conflict Hidden Star in Four Seasons involves the abnomral climates happening as of latey and during her investigation of the whole matter, she notices that certain fairies were strengthened and would release their new powers out which in turn, affects the overall seasons. Entering the Land of the Backdoor and after defeating her servants, Reimu encounters the Goddess of Secrets, Okina who claimed responsibility for the fairies' enhanched power. Despite deciding to fight her, Reimu proves unsuccessful and kicked out from the Land of the Backdoor. After gaining enough doyou, she re-enters and emerges victorious from a rematch with Okina.

In Wily Beast and Weakest Creature, Reimu is contacted by an eagle spirit while other animal spirits appear across Gensokyo under the pretext of invading the realm. Claiming to be a traitor, it asks Reimu for assistance due to requiring a human to defeat the invasiomn. After defeating several yōkai in Hell, Yachie guides Reimu to the Animal Realm where she meets Keiki. Despite beginning to have doubts about the eagle spirit's claims after listening to Keiki's intentions that the animal spirits only caused a commotion to allow human entry to the Animal Realm, Reimu still decides to fight her. After her defeat, Keiki offers to make peace with Reimu by offering her an idol, to which the latter accepts. The spirits then decide to take advantage of the current circumstances and begin to launch serious attacks on the Human Realm. Back in Hell, Reimu finds out that Saki, leader of the wolf spirits had plotted to overthrow and exile Keiki. In Unconnected Marketeers, magical cards begin appearing across Gensokyo which reveal the abilities of human and yōkai alike.[30][31] Fearing that these could belong to the wrong hands, Reimu sets out to head for Yōkai Mountain after defeating several other yokai. There she meets Megumu who despite claiming responsibility for the creator of the hands, she couldn't control them herself and directs Reimu to the goddess Chimata. After realizing that Reimu had intentions to steal rather than trade the cards, decided to attack her. After being defeated, Reimu finds a unknown figure at the nearby Rainbow Dragon Cave and heads there to prevent a fight between her and Tsukasa. The figure in question reveals herself to be Momoyo who mistakes Reimu's intentions as another thief and starts a fight.

Other Touhou Project games[edit]

Throughout the franchise's history, the Touhou Project has experienced several spin-off titles that mostly branch the series out into different genre's outside the shoot 'em up genre. These include fighting games, platformers, photography games, typically in collaboration with Twilight Frontier. Despite being the main protagonist, Reimu doesn't have much of a prominent role within the spin-off titles due either them focusing on side characters or featuring multiple playble characters.

Fighting games[edit]

Reimu has been a playable character in every fighting game of the Touhou Project, beginning with Immaterial and Missing Power. Reimu's scenario within the game has her make preparations for an upcoming feast. Both humans and yōkai would be drawn to the feast and were unable to stop partying. Noticing a strange mist and having only three days until the feast begins, Reimu begins searching for the perpetrator, beating up several characters under suspicion in the process. Deciding to wait out on the day of the feast to wait for the culprit, Yukari would show up despite not being invited. Suspicious, Reimu defeats her in a fight and Yukari would bring Reimu to see Suika where she revealed that she was an adamant observer of Reimu and wanted to party after the flower viewing was delayed.

In its sequel, Scarlet Weather Rhapsody, the Hakurei Shrine is destroyed in a earthquake but upon discussing about it with Marisa, comes to the realization that no one else had felt the earthquake. After beating up several suspects, Reimu makes her way up towards Heaven where Iku and Tenshi reside. Tenshi would then reveal that she destroyed the Hakurei Shrine out of boredom due to wanting to start an incident of her own after witnessing several others prior to the games events. After Reimu defeats her, Tenshi agrees to send a legion of Celestials to rebuild the Shrine.[32]

Unlike the other fighting game predecessors, Reimu doesn't have her own story mode in Touhou Hisoutensoku and is instead only playable via the VS Mode. She only appears two times in Sanae's scenario and in Meiling's scenario with the latters appearance being a mere illusion in Meiling's dreams sent by the Giant Catfish to assassinate her.[33]

Hopeless Masquerade would differentiate substantially from the previous three fighting games as it would feature new sprites drawn in a different art style.[34] Another major difference would be the removal of a traditional 2D ground-based system in favor of a more aerial one, specials now requiring a set of key inputs and the new Grazing system which functions as an auto-parry. The premise of Hopeless Masquerade sees a religious war between Buddhism, Shintoism and Taoism after a lack of hope and faith began spreading across the Human Village with Reimu choosing to represent Shintoism.[35] Fighting her way through members of the opposing religions, Reimu eventually discovers that Kokoro was the one responsible for sapping humanity's hope as part of her goal to obtain a new mask, to which Reimu stops her.[36]

Urban Legend in Limbo would largely remain the same as its predecessor besides some minor balancing and improvements over it's spell card system. Reimu's role in the plot sees her meet up with Marisa at Kourindou to taste some mushrooms to see if they're poisonous but Marisa would unexpectedly attack Reimu with her newfound occult powers. With Reimu coming out of the fight as the victor, just as she begins to question about the occult balls Marisa used, she would then meet with Kasen who knew more about them. She then revealed that Reimu too has access to the balls and attempts to pry it from her. Unsuccessful, she warns Reimu about the danger they possess and later that night, Reimu would encounter Sumireko after the latter showed up.[37] Similarly, Antinomy of Common Flowers would continue having relatively similar gameplay as its previous two predecessors although this time would introduce a tag-team system where the second playable character could extend combos and a new health system where players could recover some of their lost health should they be left unharmed for an allocated amount of time.[38] Another new aspect introduced would be shared scenarios akin to that of Imperishable Night as this time Reimu would share hers with Kasen with the premise of investigating the Perfect Posession incident where people have their mind and body controlled by an outside source. After agreeing to let Kasen possess her, the two would go about defeating those partaking in the incident until meeting up with Yukari and agreeing to take part in a plan to defeat Joon and Shion Yorigami.[39]

Platforming spin-offs[edit]

Currently, the only official main series platformer is Sunken Fossil World. In terms of gameplay, the game has Reimu and the other six playable characters collecting black water, avoiding bullets and fighting the stage's boss with the general structure of each boss varies depending on the difficulty. The game also features a stanima system where performing certain actions such as airdashing, floating or using certain attacks will reduce the meter but can automatically recover if the player character makes contact with the ground.[40] In terms of plot, Reimu decides to head for the Underground after entering a cave at the Forest of Magic. After defeating Kogasa and Yuugi would the latter inform her that the black water was actually petroleum and it's profit in the Outside World. Making her way through Hell, Reimu encounters Yuuma Toutetsu who specializes in absorbing her opponents' abilities and is the leader of the Eagle Spirits but would canonically be unable to defeat her due to Toutetsu's ability.[41]

Photography spin-offs[edit]

Unlike the main series, the Shoot the Bullet features photography as a primary element primarily focus on Aya as the way of clearing bullets and defeating bosses. Despite the various characters featured in the game, Reimu is one of the notable absentees from the game, only appearing in the game's afterword. She would gain a proper appearance in its sequel, Double Spoiler where Reimu appears as a boss in the Extra Stage and uses a few spell cards. In Violet Detector, the game instead focuses on Sumireko while retaining the photography elements from the previous two installments.[42] Due to the premise being that Sumireko could gain access to Gensokyo via her dreams despite from the Outside World. This results in all the humans and yōkai inhabiting Gensokyo having dream counterparts that attempt to kill Sumireko with Reimu being among them.[43]

Other spin-offs[edit]

Fairy Wars is another shoot 'em up spinoff focusing on Cirno with the unique mechanic of being able to freeze bullets. Reimu only appears as a cameo in the game's B1 ending, having Cirno and the Three Fairies of Light terrorise Reimu in a prank which provokes the latter to open fire at them. Impossible Spell Card has Reimu along with other humans and yōkai attempt to stop the game's protagonist, Seija from causing any further mischief. The story continues non-canonically in its sequel minigame Gold Rush where she serves as the game's boss. After defeating Reimu using the newly-acquired Miracle Mallet, Seija would proceed to rob the Hakurei Shrine before the powers of the Mallet wore out.[44] In 100th Black Market, Reimu appears as one of the 4th market bosses with several Ability Cards.

In other media[edit]

Being the protagonist of the Touhou Project, Reimu has appeared as a cameo in works outside her home franchise. Her first appearance in a crossover title was in the role-playing game Magic Pengel: The Quest for Color as at the time, ZUN worked for Taito.[45] In the game itself, Reimu appears as a hidden boss fight under the name Hakurei no Miko (ハクレイのミコ, Western: Flying Maiden). On April 30, 2015, a collaboration with Pop'n Music was announced and Reimu would appear as a playable character.[46] In the rhythm game Muse Dash, as part of a collaboration DLC, Reimu appears as a playable character along with various arrangements of the series.[47] In the role-playing game Nendoroid Generation, Reimu appears as a playable character.[48] During the 10th international anniversary event of Ragnarok Online, Reimu's ribbon makes an appearance as a purchasable item.[49]

Reception and Popularity[edit]

A cosplay of Reimu on July 15, 2016.

Being the main protagonist, Reimu has enjoyed consistent popularity within the Touhou Project, initially winning second place with 24 votes in the popular character ranking conducted by the Comiket Plus editorial department at Comiket 89 venues.[50] In the popularity poll held at Comiket 100, where participants could vote for their favorite 3 characters, Reimu won first place.[51] In the website "Anime!Anime!", Reimu achieved first place for the second year in a row in a reader questionnaire for the best shrine maiden character.[52] In another popularity poll conducted in 2022 determining fan favorite characters of the Touhou Project, Reimu ranked 3rd.[53] Several pieces of promotional merchandise have been released such as figurines,[54][55] plush toys,[56] dolls,[57][58] bookbags and watches.[59]

Legacy[edit]

During the K-1 World MAX 2010 -70kg World Championship Tournament [ja], Yuichiro Nagashima would cosplay as various characters of the Touhou Project with one of them being as Reimu during his match against Yūji Nashiro on March 27, 2010. In September 2017, one of the four new crape myrtle variants was named "Reimu" and was approved by the Chinese government agency that organizes biotechnology.[60] As a result, "Reimu" began trending on the forum site Zhihu in 2018.[60] After that, an interview with the woman who cultivated "Reimu" and the man who became her assistant godfather was published by China's state-owned media "Nanfang Municipal News".[60]

Reimu has also been the subject of an internet meme in 2006 after musical esemble IOSYS would create a musical parody titled Tsukiyo wo Kakusanai Teido no Nouryoku which made frequent usage of the line Waki miko Reimu (腋、巫女、霊夢, Western: Armpit Miko Reimu), leading to an unofficial nickname for her.[61]

On January 18, 2022, an announcement provided by Kaede Yuasa at a Lawson's would be the subject of internet fame as the voice would claim to be Reimu's voice during a promotional event for the rhythm game Touhou Danmaku Kagura. Reception to the promotion has been mixed with those that have heard the announcements stating that "the image of the voice tone is different" and that Yuasa's portrayal was "an ordinary woman who thinks she is Reimu Hakurei."[62] During promotion for Touhou Arcadia Record, Takanori Nishikawa would star in an advertisement for the game cosplaying as Reimu.[63] When asked about his personal thoughts in his participation, Nishikawa would state:

Reimu Hakurei has spread online like a free material, and since the dawn of SNS, she has been loved by many people, so I feel sorry for her fans. I'm worried whether I'm okay with my feelings.[64]

References[edit]

  1. Davison, Pete (June 8, 2013). "Curtains for You: The History of Bullet Hell". US Gamer. Archived from the original on October 9, 2018. Retrieved April 17, 2021. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  2. 【Vol.24】ZUNさん(ゲームクリエイター)「東方の名前の由来は?二次創作についてどう思う?いつからゲーム作ってる?仕事場どんな感じ?・・・自宅でインタビュー【CREATIVE TRAIN】」 (in 日本語). Event occurs at 6:53. Archived from the original on April 4, 2021. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
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  4. Flandre: 甘いわ!そこの紅白! Team Shanghai Alice Embodiment of Scarlet Devil (in Japanese) 2002-08-11 (JP)
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  12. 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 "プレイヤーキャラ紹介 -『妖々夢』のマニュアルより" (in 日本語). Archived from the original on March 19, 2023. Retrieved May 17, 2020.
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  15. "どうして・・・ – 凋叶棕とかを再考するブログ". myreveriecats.com (in 日本語). July 26, 2018. Archived from the original on February 1, 2023. Retrieved April 30, 2023.
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  18. ZUN (December 9, 2008). Touhou Bougetsushou ~ Silent Sinner in Blue. 2. Ichijinsha. p. 22. ISBN 9784758061247. Retrieved May 1, 2023. Search this book on , illustrated by 秋★枝
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