The list of Political Repression Related Event
From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki
Political persecution refers to the intentional and unjust actions carried out by a government or specific political entity against its citizens or particular groups. This list documents instances related to political persecution.
Prominent cases
primarily initiated by individuals
| Country/Region | Event Name | Primary Initiator | Time | Event Overview |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nazi Germany and its collaborators | Holocaust | Adolf Hitler | 1933—1945 | Systematic genocide targeting nearly 6 million Jews. Nazis persecuted various ethnic and political groups across Europe. |
| Soviet Union | Great Purge | Joseph Stalin | 1930—1940 | Political repression and persecution campaign, including purges within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and persecution of innocent individuals. |
| People's Republic of China | Cultural Revolution | Mao Zedong | 1966—1976 | Political cleansing initiated by Mao Zedong to overthrow Liu Shaoqi, evolving into nationwide political turmoil involving Lin Biao and the Gang of Four. |
| Democratic Kampuchea | Cambodian Genocide | Pol Pot | 1975—1979 early | Massive killings by the Khmer Rouge communist regime in Cambodia. |
| Democratic People's Republic of Korea | Chuch'e Purge | Kim Jong-il | 1997—2000 | Extensive purge campaign resulting in arrests, executions, and imprisonments, involving civilians and officials. |
| August Faction Incident | 1956.08.30 | Attempted coup by North Korean officials to oust Kim Il-sung, then General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea and Premier of North Korea, ultimately unsuccessful. | ||
| Assassination of Kim Jong-nam | Kim Jong-un | 2017.02.13 | Assassination of Kim Jong-nam, eldest son of Kim Jong-il and elder half-brother of current leader Kim Jong-un, at Kuala Lumpur International Airport. | |
| Mainland China | April 12 Incident | Chiang Kai-shek | 1927—1928 | Early purge by the Kuomintang against Chinese Communist Party members and some leftist Kuomintang members. |
| Republic of Turkey | Dersim Massacre | Mustafa Kemal Atatürk | 1937—1938 | Massacre of Alevi Kurds and Zaza people by the Turkish Armed Forces in the Dersim region of eastern Turkey. |
| Republic of Korea | Gwangju Uprising | Chun Doo-hwan | 1980.05.18—05.27 | Spontaneous democratic movement organized by citizens in Gwangju and South Jeolla Province. Chun Doo-hwan ordered the suppression, resulting in civilian casualties. |
| United States of America | COINTELPRO | J. Edgar Hoover | 1956—1971 | Series of FBI covert programs aimed at surveilling, infiltrating, discrediting, and disrupting domestic political groups. |
| Philippines | Assassination of Benigno Aquino Jr. | Ferdinand Marcos | 1983.08.21 | Benigno Aquino Jr. assassinated upon disembarking in Manila. Widely believed to be orchestrated by the Marcos government.[citation needed] |
| Federal Republic of Yugoslavia | Srebrenica Massacre | Slobodan Milošević | 1995.07.13—07.22 | Genocidal massacre targeting Bosniaks, led by the Serb Republic forces under Ratko Mladić during the Bosnian War. |
| Republic of Vietnam | 1963 South Vietnamese coup | Ngô Đình Diệm | 1963.11.01 | Coup in South Vietnam, where military officers overthrew President Ngô Đình Diệm due to opposition to his policies, leading to the assassination of Diệm and his brother Ngô Đình Nhu. |
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Initiated by Organizations or Parties
| Country/Region | Event Name | Primary Initiator | Time | Overview |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ukraine | Anti-Protest Laws in Ukraine | Ukrainian Parliament | 2014.01.16 | Ukrainian laws imposing ten restrictions on freedom of speech and freedom of assembly, later repealed on January 28. |
| Republic of Korea | Bodo League Incident | Republic of Korea Army | 1950 | Korean War early phase, large-scale massacre by the Republic of Korea Army targeting Communist Party supporters. |
| Sri Lanka | Burning of Jaffna Public Library | United National Party, Government of Sri Lanka | 1981.06.01 | Mob, allegedly organized by the United National Party, burned the Jaffna Public Library in an attack against the Sinhalese. |
| Turkey | 2016 Turkish Purge | Justice and Development Party | 2016.07.16—Present[note 1] | Post-failed coup attempt, government purges targeting the military, police, judiciary, government departments, education, academia, media, religious groups, etc. |
| Guatemala | Guatemalan Genocide | Government of Guatemala, local militias | 1960—1983 | Military government's genocide against the Maya people in Guatemala, involving mass killings, abuse, and summary executions of left-wing guerrillas since 1965. |
| Taiwan | 228 Incident | Taiwanese Government, Republic of China Army | 1947.02.27—05.16 | Intense conflicts erupted across Taiwan as citizens demanded political reforms, leading to the military's violent suppression by the ROC government. |
| Meilidao Incident | Government of Chiang Ching-kuo, Taiwan Garrison Command | 1979.12.10 | Suppression of democratic protests during martial law in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. |
Ancient Events
| Event Name | Country/Region | Victims/Groups | Initiator | Time | Overview |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thirty Tyrants | Ancient Greece, Athens | Supporters of democratic citizens' class | Oligarchs | 404-403 BCE | Oligarchs overthrow Athenian democracy, implementing political persecution and large-scale purge of citizens. |
| Xuanwu Gate Incident | China, Tang Dynasty | Political dissidents, literati | Li Linfu, Empress Wu | 713 CE | Collaboration between Li Linfu and Empress Wu for political persecution, leading to the exile or execution of many dissidents. |
| Incident at Gaoping Tombs | China, Western Jin Dynasty | Meritorious military commanders | Emperor Sima Yan | 290 CE | After a general amnesty in the Western Jin, Emperor Sima Yan initiated political purges, killing many meritorious military commanders to consolidate his rule. |
| Qu Ying's Rebellion | China, Eastern Han Dynasty | Eunuchs, dissidents | He Jin | 6th year of Zhongping (189 CE) | He Jin attempted to purge the eunuchs to consolidate power, triggering the Qu Ying's Rebellion. The eunuchs successfully counterattacked, leading to chaos in the political situation of the Eastern Han. |
| Spartacus' Slave Revolt | Ancient Rome | Roman slaves | Roman Republic | 73-71 BCE | Massive slave revolt led by Spartacus, ultimately suppressed by the Roman military. |
Notes
- ↑ Controversy exists regarding whether it continues to the present.
References
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