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Upzoning in Auckland

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki


  • Comment: You’ve done some great work on the article, but the comment by CopyleftEverything is dead on the money - you need to tell us what happened, not what you (or others) think about what happened, in order for this to have a more Encyclopedic tone. This includes such quotes as “probably the most ambitious zoning reform in the world”, which is clearly opinion. In general, as opposed to an essay (which this reads like), you should generally avoid direct quotations, even if attributed, as these will typically be opinion. Once this article is written in a more Encyclopedic tone, we can look at it again. Good luck and keep up the good work 👍 Absurdum4242 (talk) 10:56, 22 August 2026 (UTC)
  • Comment: 1. This draft has a high level of WP:OVERATTRIBUTION, such as: "The reforms have been discussed internationally, and have been reported by by newspapers on the left, centre and right"; "the results of the rezoning was reported by ABC News[38] and the Sydney Morning Herald"; "There have been many studies". Please rewrite with what those sources tell us, not that the sources exist. 2. Substack sources should probably be removed unless the blogposts have received coverage in WP:RELIABLESOURCES. 3. The "impact" section needs to go from "telling us what studies exist" to telling us what the studies say, ideally leading with the opinions of an academic literature review, if one exists. Thanks for your edits! :) CopyleftEverything (talk) 08:25, 19 June 2026 (UTC)

In 2016, widespread upzoning in Auckland (or large-scale zoning reform[1]) was undertaken through the Auckland Unitary Plan (AUP) in Auckland, New Zealand. Approximately 75% of residential land was upzoned[2] leading to a boom in housing construction.[1]:27

The 2016 Auckland Unitary Plan (AUP) was "probably the most ambitious zoning reform in the world".[3] Auckland Council described it as a world-first rezoning of such scale[4] and as of late 2023 was the most ambitious upzoning reform in the world.[5]

The reform resulted in a statistically significant reduction in rents.[6][1]:27 Rents for 3 bedroom dwellings were 26–33% lower than they would have been otherwise, and rents for 2 bedroom dwellings were 21–24% cheaper.[4] The increase in supply "kept a lid on rents and house prices".[7] The Auckland Council chief economist stated in 2024 that research "provides compelling evidence that up-zoning has significantly increased Auckland's housing supply and led to lower rents, compared to a scenario where it was never introduced".[8] Rents in Auckland were estimated to be 28% lower than they would have been if the regulatory changes were not made.[9]

The reforms have been discussed internationally, and "have been reported on in newspapers of the left, right and centre, including The Economist, The New York Times and The Spectator".[10] Zohran Mamdani has cited Auckland as a policy inspiration.[11][12] Alain Bertaud claimed "practically every modern city" is trying to grapple with similar problems, and Auckland is one of the cities "most advanced in reform".[13]:34:07

New Zealand has "been at the forefront of the upzoning movement", and recently introduced the National Policy Statement on Urban Development (NPS-UD) in 2020, and Medium Density Residential Standards (MDRS) in 2021. They are a rare example of a central government directing zoning interventions at the national scale, overriding local planning control.[14]:1

Background

More widely, over the 20 years to 2022, New Zealand experienced faster house price growth than any other OECD country.[15]:6 (PDF 7)

In the early 1970s, Central Auckland's capacity for new housing was cut in half, becoming more restrictive and complex over time. This was partially reversed in the 2016 Auckland Unitary Plan.[15]:5 (PDF 6)

The New Zealand Infrastructure Commission found if central Auckland was not downzoned in the 1970s, or if congestion-mitigation policies were adopted, housing would be more abundant and house prices would be lower.[15]:4 (PDF 5)

In 2023, Auckland (a city of 1.7 million) permitted 15,000 units. This has been compared to New York City (population 8.3 million) approving 9,200 units.[16][self-published source]

Policy development

The initial reason for the up-zoning was not housing supply, but to adopt a compact city model to increase livability, reduce transport emissions, and raise productivity. The council's inaugural chief economist Geoff Cooper stated this strategic decision was made in isolation of the planning team with little (or no) consideration for the impacts on land prices.[14]:6 (PDF 8)

In 2010, the eight councils in the Auckland area were amalgamated into one 'super city', which enabled setting a single zoning plan.[5]

Auckland Council released the first Auckland Unitary Plan (AUP) draft plan in March 2013.[5] This made significant zoning changes that would increase height and density limits across the suburbs.

After the draft plan in 2013, New Zealand's central government took over and appointed a panel to hear submissions "so the process would not drag on for a decade".[7]

Geoff Cooper, CEO of the New Zealand Infrastructure Commission, described Bertaud's visit in 2014 as a "seminal moment" in New Zealand housing policy.[17] Cooper described Alain's visit as "helping introduce a more economics-focused way of thinking about urban planning and city development". The former Housing Minister Phil Twyford described Bertaud's work as a "touchstone and highly influential in shaping the reforms that led to the National Policy Statement on urban development".[18]

The AUP plan draft underwent several rounds of consultations, reviews and revisions before the final version was implemented on 15 November 2016.[19]

In July 2016 the government published an "even more ambitious" version of this plan. It created three types of residential zonings, the tallest allowing 5–7 storey housing where good transport was available. The next allowed 3 storey housing, and the lowest was for 2 storeys. The 2 story zoning allowed greater site coverage than was previously possible, however this has been superseded by newer central planning regulations.[7]

Many of the residential neighbourhoods close to the Auckland CBD were zoned Single House (SH) and subject to "character" protections "to preserve the pre-WWII built form of these neighborhoods".[19]

In a 2022 interview for Metro (magazine), the Deputy Mayor of Auckland Penny Hulse stated "We allowed a lot of housing, but we also baked in a lot of inequality. It is inequitable. And it's politics at play – the politics of power."[20]

Impact

There is a growing body of literature evaluating Auckland's experience with upzoning.[21]:1

In 2016, the city of Auckland adopted reforms to zoning allowed more housing on approximately 75% of its urban land. Three subsequent studies found the reforms increased housing supply and reduced rents.[22]

In November 2016 the Auckland Unitary Plan (AUP) came into effect.[7] The AUP was associated with a large increase in multi-unit dwellings beginning construction.[23][self-published source]

About 75% residential land was upzoned predominantly in areas close to transportation network access. Six years afterwards, "housing starts" had increased, were located closer to the CBD, employment and transport network access points and transportation network access points were "predominantly" infill and attached housing. These patterns were driven by changes in upzoned areas.[24] The AUP "enabled a vast amount of housing development capacity within the existing urban area".[25]:viii (PDF 9)

New Zealand housing construction productivity growth was "almost entirely driven by Auckland and Canterbury from 2013 to 2021." Output per construction worker grew by about 13% in both areas. In the rest of New Zealand (similarly in Australia) there was barely any productivity growth.[26][self-published source]

The proportion of "housing starts" issued to government-controlled institutions (including social and affordable housing) increased from 3.1% over the ten years prior to the reform, to 9.9% over the six years after. The reform resulted in a near 3x increase in state-built dwellings.[27]:1 (PDF 2) New Zealand's primary state housing developer credits the AUP with enabling it to meet housing demand in Auckland.[27]:4 (PDF 5)

Census data reflected a growth in dwellings outpacing growth in the population from 2018 to 2023, which was a turnaround on the previous trend.[28]

Since the upzoning, real house prices fell while they had increased by nearly 30% in the rest of New Zealand.[29]:5

Alain Bertaud said the new housing supply led to improved housing affordability.[30]:3[13] The increase in building consents for multi-unit dwellings after the change implied that housing supply was previously constrained, rather than reflecting the preferences of households.[30]:2

As some of the increase would have occurred regardless (and so cannot be attributed to upzoning), by at least[lower-alpha 1] "two papers that undertake sophisticated causal analysis to analyse policy impacts"[23][self-published source] – Greenaway-McGrevy and Phillips 2023[31] and Greenaway-McGrevy 2023[32] (with a later working paper in September 2025[32] and a 2026 journal publication[33]).

Much of the research has been published (or co-authored) by Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy[34][35], who has called for increasing density.[36]

In May 2023, Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy extended the 2023 paper methodology with an additional year of data, expanded the control group to include rural and business zones, and incorporated Special Housing Areas (an interim program).[37]

International reception

The Economist reported "allowing construction does reduce rents" and that "Homeowners have seen the value of their land go up, as it can now be redeveloped. But the cost of renting a single home has fallen, unlike in the rest of New Zealand".[38] According to the New York Times, in areas that were upzoned, granted building permits more than quadrupled from 2016 to 2021.[39]

Zohran Mamdani, the democratic socialist Mayor of New York City praised Auckland's housing reform[11][40] on 28 May 2026.[12] The New Zealand Minister for Housing and CEO of the New Zealand Infrastructure Commission travelled to New York City to present Lessons from Auckland: Upzoning and Density in New Zealand.[41] Mamdani "rightfully praised" Auckland for the reform as it "increases supply and reduces prices", according to a Washington Post opinion article by Ilya Somin[42]

A summary of the evidence was published in the U.S. United States Department of Housing and Urban Development’s International and Philanthropic Affairs Division journal Foreign Exchange in 2024.[43] The Centre for Cities think tank recommends the reform to address Britain's housing crisis.[44]

In Australia, ABC News characterised Auckland as running an experiment, reporting "The test case went so well, New Zealand's national government adopted a version of it for the whole country".[45] The Sydney Morning Herald stated that the changes since 2016 were "a raging success in increasing supply".[46]

The Committee for Economic Development of Australia researched planning reforms in Auckland and in December 2025 proposed allowing default approval for dual occupancies in Australia, a similar proposal to the Grattan Institute.[47]

In 2024, NSW Housing Minister Rose Jackson pointed to Auckland's result in increased housing supply and improved rental and buying affordability to contradict claims by Max Chandler-Mather[48], a member of the Australian Greens.

Criticism

The March 2013 AUP draft faced significant opposition from the Character Coalition (a heritage protection group[49] and other residents groups.[5]

The zoning reform was significantly influenced by similar political pressures, resulting in "upzoning less likely (and downzoning more likely) in higher-income neighbourhoods".[3]

In the context of Australian housing policy, in July 2024 Professor Peter Phibbs claimed in Auckland "The extra construction has put downward pressure on rents compared to other comparable New Zealand cities, but there has been no change in housing prices" due to upzoning making made houses more expensive.[50]:40[51]:49 (PDF 63)

Special Character Areas

The Proposed Auckland Unitary Plan (PAUP) became "operative in part" in November 2016[52], introducing the "Special Character Areas Overlay Residential and Business" areas.[53] Before the amalgamation, SCAs were managed by the seven former city and district councils. A journal paper found a positive relationship between heritage area designation and increased property values. Most dwellings located in special character areas are zoned for single house use, and no further development is enabled under the AUP.[52]

Critics described Auckland's "character zoning" as turning Auckland into a "doughnut city", describing the pattern of "protecting affluent inner-city neighbourhoods". Wellington councillor Tamatha Paul (Ngāti Awa, Tainui) – who was an Independent politician at the time and later joined the Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand – proposed renaming these "colonial streetscape precincts".[20]

An opinion article by Hayden Donnell in 2025 claimed "an interesting thing to note about special character is it’s essentially a made up category that boils down to “vibes”. Namely, old rich vibes." The Housing minister Chris Bishop provided a statement that Special character protections under the Resource Management Act are put in place to protect amenity, not historic heritage. The article claimed the replacement for the Resource Management Act would only prevent construction if houses meet a "site-by-site assessment for significant historic heritage".[54]

Disputes of evidence

While at least three studies found the 2016 zoning reforms increased housing supply and reduced rents, two economists have "criticised these studies on blogs and social media, describing their findings as a "myth"". Despite their informal nature, these critiques have been cited in formal planning and policy processes. These critiques were found to have little to no merit. There is "remarkably robust evidence that zoning reforms increased housing supply and reduced rents in Auckland."[22]

In Australia, the 'Auckland upzoning' is held up as a justification for blanket upzoning as a solution to the housing crisis.[55]

Leith van Onselen writing in Macrobusiness questioned the study's validity in 2023[56], and in 2024 attributed rental price changes to immigration.[57]

In a guest post, Igor Dupor wrote they were "cautious about some of the evidence being relied upon to declare Auckland's upzoning for cheap homes experiment a success", however concluded the "AUP is responsible for some improvement in rental affordability, and has provided tenants better quality housing for the same dollar. It has definitely changed the composition and location of construction, presumably more in line with people’s actual preferences."[58][self-published source]

Fresh Economic Thinking

The research has been challenged by Australian academic Cameron Murray and New Zealand-based economist Tim Helm.[4] They have disputed the results of studies of the effects of upzoning in Auckland.[22] The Sydney Morning Herald reported they said home-building in Auckland was already increasing and rents would have fallen anyway without the zoning changes.[4]

In 2023, Cameron Murray and Tim Helm published The Auckland myth: There is no evidence that upzoning increased housing construction.[59][self-published source] on their Substack blog Fresh Economic Thinking (which describes itself as "Australia's newest think-tank"[60]). This post was was later published by Crikey.[61]

Murray and Helm said the "modest increase" it found in housing activity could be attributed to typical "boom and bust" building cycles.[10]

Matthew Maltman responded to this paper in a blog post[62][self-published source][lower-alpha 2], a later version of which was published[63] in the peer-reviewed journal Land Use Policy. The abstract of this paper stated "we review these critiques and find them to have little to no merit".[63]

Murray and Helm published a response to these comments[lower-alpha 2] on Substack in August 2023.[64][self-published source] They claimed "...the story that upzoning produced a huge building boom is becoming an urban myth."[64] They claimed Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy's updated May 2023 paper[37] applied "the same flawed counterfactual construction".[64]

In June 2024, Murray stated in a New South Wales Legislative Council submission that "I am unaware of any reputable expert economist who has argued that our critiques are wrong and have attached both the original critique, and a follow up, to this letter."[65]

Murray and Helm's posts continue to be cited by urban planners and architects[66], and "appears to have swayed Commissioners" in the planning process of Wellington, New Zealand[22] and an Australian Parliamentary Inquiry.[22][67] A peer reviewed paper[22] stated "Commissioners in Wellington admitted under questioning their decisions were informed more by Helm's oral testimony than his written evidence".[68], and that "If the Commissioners had instead put more weight on Helm’s written evidence, then they might have noticed that it relied heavily on a blog post that he had co-authored, rather than more formal sources".[22]

Inquiry participants in the Development of the Transport Oriented Development Program Parliamentary Inquiry highlighted Murray and Helm's writing, including the Convenor of the Save Greater Sydney Coalition[51]:49 (PDF 63) in their "Rebuttal Peter Tulip TOD statement" submission.[69]:1–4

Role of planning

The role of "strategic planning" (or urban planning) in the upzoning of Auckland is contested.[70]

In 2024, Geoff Anstey claimed before the AUP, townhouse development was broadly constrained. He claimed the impact of new housing construction was "not so much because of the general upzoning to increase dwelling potential overall, but because of the changes which facilitated townhouse development". He claimed the lack of provision of townhouses "in the previous planning regime represents a lack of or inappropriate strategic land use planning" and that future strategic land use should provide adequately of all dwelling types."[71][self-published source]:10

In July 2025, Richard Johnston MPIA – an architect, urban planner and life fellow of the Planning Institute of Australia – cited Helm and Murray's work as evidence to oppose missing middle housing reform in Canberra, and for a "more sensitive and nuanced planned approach" to planning.[66]

John Duguid, the Unitary Plan Manager at Auckland Council[72], presented at the 2026 Planning Institute of Australia National Planning Congress in Canberra.[73] Auckland Council planning manager John Duguid led the Unitary Plan.[74] The session "challenged simplistic assumptions about housing reform".[73] As of May 2026 this presentation has not been published[lower-alpha 3].

The national head of policy and advocacy at the Planning Institute of Australia claims the research by "economists or supply-side commentators" entails "a remarkably selective reading of what really happened in Auckland".[70] They claimed (based on the John Duguid's PIA presentation) that Auckland "is not a story of blanket upzoning":

But the Auckland experience does not support the idea that blanket upzoning is the solution. Rather, good strategic planning is.[70]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ This page is undated
  2. ↑ Except for photographs shared of 6 slides.[75]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Mariona Roigé Valiente; Andrew Coleman; Nam Ngo; Chris Parker (28 November 2024). Analysis of availability of land supply in Auckland (PDF). treasury.govt.nz (Report). Housing Technical Working Group. Reserve Bank of New Zealand.
  2. ↑ Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy; James Allan Jones (December 2023). "Can zoning reform change urban development patterns? Evidence from Auckland" (PDF). University of Auckland Business School Economic Policy Centre. WORKING PAPER NO. 012.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ka Shing Cheung; Paavo Monkkonen; Chung Yim Yiu (2023). "The heterogeneous impacts of widespread upzoning: Lessons from Auckland, New Zealand". Urban Studies. 61 (5): 943–967. doi:10.1177/00420980231190281. PMC 12345887 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 40809686 Check |pmid= value (help).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Michael Koziol (17 October 2024). "Mass rezoning: Case for Sydney to embrace 'Auckland solution' to housing crisis". Sydney Morning Herald.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Eleanor West; Marko Garlick (15 November 2023). "Upzoning New Zealand". Works In Progress.
  6. ↑ Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy; Yun So (March 2024). Can Zoning Reform Reduce Housing Costs? Evidence from Rents in Auckland (PDF) (Report). WORKING PAPER NO. 016.
    Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy (May 2023). Can Zoning Reform Reduce Housing Costs? Evidence from Rents in Auckland (PDF) (Report). Auckland: University of Auckland Business School Economic Policy Centre. WORKING PAPER NO. 016.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Michael Read (30 May 2023). "How Auckland took on the NIMBYs and won". Australian Financial Review.
  8. ↑ Tim McCready (21 March 2024). "Unitary Plan spurs housing development – Project Auckland". The New Zealand Herald.
  9. ↑ Shane Wright (11 February 2025). "Lessons on the housing crisis from across the ditch". Sydney Morning Herald.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Douglas Todd (5 October 2023). "Douglas Todd: Famous New Zealand study may not actually show mass upzoning works". Vancouver Sun.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Niva Chittock (29 May 2026). "New York Mayor Zohran Mamdani inspired by Auckland's residential zoning". The New Zealand Herald.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Zohran Mamdani (28 May 2026). "Transcript: Mayor Mamdani Highlights Housing Production Agenda in Block by Block as Support for Plan Grows". nyc.gov. Office of the Mayor, New York City.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Auckland Conversations (19 March 2026). "Making Cities Work". Auckland: YouTube.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Eleanor West (June 2024). Up-zoning New Zealand: the localisation of a globally mobile policy idea (PDF) (Report). Auckland: University of Auckland Business School Economic Policy Centre. POLICY PAPER NO. 003.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Peter Nunns; Nadine Dodge (March 2022). The decline of housing supply in New Zealand: Why it happened and how to reverse it (Report). Wellington: New Zealand Infrastructure Commission. p. 4 (PDF 5). Te Waihanga Research Insights series.
    "This research note was drafted by Peter Nunns and Nadine Dodge, with input from several Te Waihanga colleagues. We are grateful for review comments from Chris Parker (NZ Treasury), Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy (University of Auckland), and Shane Martin (MRCagney)."
  16. ↑ Joseph Politano (22 March 2024). "New Zealand's Building Boom—And What the World Must Learn From It". Apricitas Economics.
  17. ↑ Dileepa Fonseka (25 March 2026). "Alain Bertaud on Auckland's urban planning, housing debate and global mistakes". businessdesk.co.nz. BusinessDesk.
  18. ↑ Alain Bertaud; Geoff Cooper (13 April 2026). "The heart of the city". Infrastructure for a Better Future (Podcast). New Zealand Infrastructure Commission.; Alain Bertaud; Geoff Cooper (13 April 2026). "The heart of the city" (PDF). New Zealand Infrastructure Commission.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy (March 2025). "Evaluating the long-run effects of zoning reform on urban development". Regional Science and Urban Economics. University of Auckland. 111. Bibcode:2025RSUE..111j4062G. doi:10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104062. Unknown parameter |article-number= ignored (help)
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Hayden Donnell (7 September 2022). "The Character Protection Racket". Metro. No. Metro 435. New Zealand. ISSN 0113-0668.
  21. ↑ Kade Sorensen; James Allan Jones (March 2024). Zoning reform in Auckland – what can we learn from the emerging literature (PDF). Knowledge Auckland (Report). Auckland Council.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 22.5 22.6 Stuart Donovan; Matthew Maltman (April 2025). "Dispelling myths: Reviewing the evidence on zoning reforms in Auckland". Land Use Policy. 151. Bibcode:2025LUPol.15107498D. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2025.107498. Unknown parameter |article-number= ignored (help) Stuart Donovan; Matthew Maltman (November 2024). Dispelling myths: Reviewing the evidence on zoning reforms in Auckland (PDF) (Report). Motu Economic and Public Policy Research Trust. ISSN 1177-9047. Motu Working Paper 24-07.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Matthew Maltman (n.d.). "Auckland". One Final Effort. Retrieved 12 June 2026.
  24. ↑ Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy; James Allan Jones (2025). "Can zoning reform change urban development patterns? Evidence from Auckland". Urban Studies. 62 (12): 2415–2435. Bibcode:2025UrbSt..62.2415G. doi:10.1177/00420980241311521.
  25. ↑ Mario A. Fernandez; Chad Hu; Jennifer L. R. Joynt; Shane L. Martin; Isobel Jennings (July 2021). Housing Assessment for the Auckland Region (PDF) (Report). Research and Evaluation Unit, Auckland Council.
  26. ↑ Matthew Maltman (14 September 2025). "Can zoning reform increase construction productivity? Suggestive evidence from New Zealand". One Final Effort.
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy (2024). "Zoning Reform and State-Developed Housing in Auckland". Auckland: University of Auckland, Economic Policy Center. Working Papers 019.
  28. ↑ Gary Blick; James Stewart (June 2024). "2023 Census confirms Auckland gains more new homes" (PDF). Knowledge Auckland. Auckland Council Chief Economist Unit. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 August 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2026. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  29. ↑ Template:Cite presentation
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Gary Blick; James Stewart (July 2026). Making cities work – Reflections on Alain Bertaud at Auckland Conversations (PDF) (Report). Auckland: Chief Economist Unit, Auckland Council.
  31. ↑ Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy; Peter C.B. Phillips (July 2023). "The impact of upzoning on housing construction in Auckland". Journal of Urban Economics. Elsevier. 136. doi:10.1016/j.jue.2023.103555. Unknown parameter |article-number= ignored (help)
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy (September 2025). "Can zoning reform increase housing construction? Evidence from Auckland" (PDF). Auckland: University of Auckland Business School Economic Policy Centre. WORKING PAPER NO. 017.
    Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy (September 2023). Can Zoning Reform Increase Housing Construction? Evidence from Auckland (PDF) (Report). University of Auckland. WORKING PAPER NO. 017.
  33. ↑ Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy (14 April 2026). "Can zoning reform increase housing construction? Evidence from Auckland". Economic Modelling. 160. doi:10.1016/j.econmod.2026.107592. Unknown parameter |article-number= ignored (help)
  34. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citeq at line 53: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value)., Wikidata Q123057705
  35. ↑ "Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy – About". profiles.auckland.ac.nz. University of Auckland. n.d.
  36. ↑ Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy (8 July 2016). "Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy: Density the only win-win situation for Auckland". The New Zealand Herald.
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy (May 2023). The Impact of Upzoning on Housing Construction in Auckland: Update and Extended Results (PDF). auckland.ac.nz/ (Technical report). University of Auckland Business School Economic Policy Centre. WORKING PAPER NO. 015.
  38. ↑ "The growing global movement to restrain house prices". San Francisco: The Economist. 6 September 2023.
  39. ↑ Francesca Mari (26 May 2023). "Imagine a Renters' Utopia. It Might Look Like Vienna". New York Times Magazine. Unknown parameter |orig-date= ignored (help)
  40. ↑ Niva Chittock (29 May 2026). "New York mayor inspired by Auckland's residential zoning". Rnz.
  41. ↑ "Lessons from Auckland: Upzoning and Density in New Zealand". Brooklyn, New York: Urban Design Forum. 7 August 2025.
  42. ↑ Ilya Somin (9 June 2026). "Mamdani's unconstitutional housing solution digs a deeper hole". Washington Post.
  43. ↑ Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy (2024). "Causes and Consequences of Zoning Reform in Auckland" (PDF). Cityscape: A Journal of Policy Development and Research. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Office of Policy Development and Research. 26 (2). Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy (2024). "Causes and Consequences of Zoning Reform in Auckland". huduser.gov. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Office of Policy Development and Research.
  44. ↑ Anthony Breach (4 May 2023). "New Zealand shows how planning reform will end Britain's housing crisis". Centre for Cities.
  45. ↑ Emily Clark (25 September 2023). "New Zealand's housing density experiment saw approvals for new builds in Auckland 'skyrocket' while house prices kept climbing". ABC News.
  46. ↑ Michael Koziol (17 September 2022). "Crowded house(s): Can New Zealand's planning reforms show Sydney the way?". Sydney Morning Herald.
  47. ↑ Shane Wright (1 December 2025). "How one New Zealand city could fix Australia's house price crisis". Sydney Morning Herald.
  48. ↑ Matt Wade (26 March 2024). "Do planning rules really affect house prices? The answer is clear". The Sydney Morning Herald.
  49. ↑ "Character Coalition". Retrieved 12 June 2026.
  50. ↑ "PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE NO. 7 – PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENT INQUIRY INTO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TRANSPORT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM" (PDF). NSW Parliament. 24 July 2024.
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 Development of the Transport Oriented Development Program (PDF) (Report). Parliament of NSW. October 2024.
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 Lucy Rossiter; Kai Gu (3 June 2023). "The Impact of Special Character Areas on Property Values and Homeowners' Experiences: Cases from Auckland, New Zealand". Land. School of Architecture and Planning, University of Auckland. 12 (6): 1181. Bibcode:2023Land...12.1181R. doi:10.3390/land12061181. ISSN 2073-445X.CS1 maint: Date and year (link) This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  53. ↑ "Special Character Areas Overlay Residential and Business". data-aucklandcouncil.opendata.arcgis.com. Auckland Council Open Data. 26 June 2026. Unknown parameter |orig-date= ignored (help)
  54. ↑ Hayden Donnell (15 December 2025). "RIP special character protections, I always hated you". thespinoff.co.nz. The Spinoff.
  55. ↑ "Highlights from PIA Congress 2026". New Zealand Planning Institute. 29 May 2026. Archived from the original on 13 June 2026. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  56. ↑ Leith van Onselen (6 June 2023). "So much for Auckland's planning reforms improving affordability". Macrobusiness.
  57. ↑ Leith van Onselen (9 February 2024). "Housing supply con artists exposed again".
  58. ↑ Igor Dupor (15 September 2024). "More eyes on Auckland's upzoning experiment". Fresh Economic Thinking.
  59. ↑ "The Auckland myth: There is no evidence that upzoning increased housing construction". fresheconomicthinking.com. Fresh Economic Thinking. 4 June 2023.
  60. ↑ "About". Fresh Economic Thinking. n.d. Retrieved 24 June 2026.
  61. ↑ Cameron Murray; Tim Helm (8 June 2023). "The Auckland myth: there is no evidence that upzoning increased housing construction". Crikey.
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 Matthew Maltman (5 June 2024). "A response to Murray and Helm on Auckland's upzoning". One Final Effort.
  63. ↑ 63.0 63.1 Stuart Donovan; Matthew Maltman (April 2025). "Dispelling myths: Reviewing the evidence on zoning reforms in Auckland". Land Use Policy. 151. Bibcode:2025LUPol.15107498D. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2025.107498. Unknown parameter |article-number= ignored (help)
  64. ↑ 64.0 64.1 64.2 64.3 Cameron Murray; Tim Helm (27 August 2023). "The Auckland upzoning myth: Response to comments". Fresh Economic Thinking.
  65. ↑ Cameron Murray (17 June 2024). "Untitled Letter" (PDF) (Letter). Letter to Sue Higginson. Parliament of NSW.
  66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 Richard Johnston MPIA (31 July 2025). "How Auckland belies the missing middle myth". Canberra: CityNews. Richard Johnston MPIA (31 July 2025). "How Auckland belies the missing middle myth". Canberra: Inner South Canberra Community Council.
  67. ↑ Development of the TOD program report (Report). NSW Parliament. 15 October 2024.CS1 maint: Date and year (link)
  68. ↑ Wellington City Council (2024). Briefing: Proposed district plan intensification provisions for council. YouTube. Event occurs at 48 mins.
  69. ↑ David Reynolds (24 June 2024). Save Greater Sydney – Document 1 – received 23 June 2024 (PDF) (Report). Save Greater Sydney Coalition. NSW Parliament.
  70. ↑ 70.0 70.1 70.2 Nicole Bennetts (9 June 2026). "Auckland isn't a simple story of blanket upzoning". The Fifth Estate.
  71. ↑ Geoff Anstey (4 August 2024). The Auckland upzoning impact: Dwelling type and tax matters (PDF). Land Supply Insight (Report). Queensland.
  72. ↑ "Auckland Unitary Plan Independent Hearings Panel – Affidavit of John Duguid" (PDF). aupihp.govt.nz. 29 July 2014.
  73. ↑ 73.0 73.1 "Reflections from Day 2, Planning Congress 2026: Are Our Planning Systems Fit for the Future?". Planning Institute of Australia. 2026. Archived from the original on 13 June 2026. Retrieved 13 June 2026. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  74. ↑ Jennifer Dann (23 August 2016). "Meet the Hurricanes fan behind the Unitary Plan". The New Zealand Herald.
  75. ↑ Ben Hendriks (2026). "What Auckland can teach Australia about housing reform". LinkedIn.

Category:Auckland Category:Urban planning in New Zealand Category:Housing in New Zealand Category:Zoning Category:Housing Category:YIMBY movement Category:Political movements Category:Auckland Region Category:Urban studies and planning terminology Category:Urban planning Category:Sustainable urban planning


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