V2Ray

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V2Ray

Original author(s)	Victoria Raymond
Initial release	0.1 (September 18, 2015 (2015-09-18))
Written in	Go
Engine
Website	{{URL|example.com|optional display text}}

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V2Ray is a tool under Project V, developed by Victoria Raymond and its community team. Project V is a collection of tools that aims to help its users build their own basic communication network. The core tool of Project V is called V2Ray, which is mainly responsible for the implementation of network protocols and functions, and communicates with other Project V tools. V2Ray can run alone, or cooperate with other tools to provide a simple operation process. The development process mainly uses Go language, and Core adopts MIT license and open source.

In Mainland China, this tool is widely used to break through the Great Firewall (GFW), to access blocked and censored content.

Operating principle

The operating principle of V2Ray is basically the same as other proxy tools, using specific relay servers to complete data transmission. For example, users cannot directly access Google, YouTube and other websites, but proxy servers can access them, and users can directly connect to proxy servers, then users can use specific software to connect to proxy servers, and then proxy servers can get website content and return it to users, thus achieving the effect of proxy access to the Internet. The server and client software will require users to provide certain parameters according to different protocols, such as UUID, key, encryption method, etc., and both sides can connect successfully only if they are consistent (VMess protocol can adapt to the encryption method used by the client). After connecting to the server, the client will build a local Socks5 proxy (or VPN, HTTP, transparent proxy, etc.) on the local machine. When browsing the Internet, the client collects network traffic through this Socks5 (or other form) proxy, and then sends it to the server after obfuscation and encryption, to prevent network traffic from being identified and intercepted, and vice versa. V2Ray is positioned as a platform, any developer can use the modules provided by V2Ray to develop new proxy software.

Main features

• Multiple entrances and exits: A V2Ray process can concurrently support multiple inbound and outbound protocols, each protocol can work independently.
• Customized routing: Inbound traffic can be sent out from different exits according to the configuration. Easily achieve regional or domain-based traffic splitting, to achieve the best network performance.
• Multi-protocol support: V2Ray can simultaneously enable multiple protocols, including SOCKS, HTTP, Shadowsocks, VMess, Trojan and VLESS, etc. Each protocol can be set separately for the transport carrier, such as TCP, mKCP and WebSocket, etc.
• Concealment: Nodes using VMess, VLESS and Trojan protocols can disguise themselves as normal websites (HTTPS), and mix their traffic with normal web traffic, to avoid third-party interference.
• Reverse proxy: General reverse proxy support, can achieve intranet penetration function.
• Multi-platform support: Native support for all common platforms, such as Windows, macOS and Linux, and there are third-party support for mobile platforms.

Historical events

Patent event

Beijing Institute of Technology professor Luo Senlin and two students Wang Shuaipeng and Pan Limin applied for a patent named "V2ray traffic recognition method based on long short-term memory network" on March 25, 2019. On October 25, 2019, the legal status of the patent was modified to "withdrawal after the publication of the invention patent application".

The V2Ray project team stated that patents do not guarantee the effectiveness of the method, patents only protect the method itself. Secondly, there are some problems with the description of the patent:

1. The patent states: "V2ray server and client need to exchange keys in advance for each communication, so the data packets that are relatively close to the front of each communication have significant features". In fact, there is no "pre-exchange of keys" step in the VMess protocol. Even if V2Ray is used in conjunction with protocols that require "pre-exchange of keys", the data packets that perform "pre-exchange of keys" will not have V2Ray's data characteristics, because no valid data has been sent at this time, even if there are characteristics, they are also the characteristics of the protocol used in conjunction.
2. The patent spells V2Ray as V2ray.

Original author disappeared

In February 2019, V2Ray project founder Victoria Raymond suddenly disappeared, her Twitter, Telegram and Zhihu stopped updating.

On August 2, 2019, the original author Victoria Raymond's Telegram channel prompted: "The account of the user who created this channel has been inactive for the past 5 months. If it remains inactive for another 30 days, then the account will be automatically destroyed and this channel will no longer have a creator."

The original author's Github account still kept updating until the last commit in November 2019.

Derived projects

Project X

Xray

Developer(s)	Project X community (decided by rprx to create)
Initial release	1.0.0 (November 25, 2020 (2020-11-25))
Repository	github.com/XTLS/Xray-core
Written in	Go
Engine
License	Mozilla Public License 2.0
Website	https://xtls.github.io

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In November 2020, due to open source license and other reasons XTLS was removed from V2ray core by the V2Ray community, the author and supporters of VLESS and XTLS based on V2Ray formed a separate Project X organization, and developed a derived version of V2Ray called Xray. The software is fully compatible with V2Ray's configuration file and transmission protocol, and since the Project X community is very active, most new graphical user interfaces already support Xray.

V2Fly

It was reorganized by the open source community after the original author disappeared.

On June 2, 2019, it stated: Due to the long-term absence of the original developer, other maintainers do not have full permissions, for the convenience of maintenance, we have created a new organization: github.com/v2fly The repository in the original organization: v2ray / v2ray-core will always be updated synchronously.

In fact, the original repository has stopped synchronizing updates, and all work has been transferred to the v2fly/v2ray-core repository.

Graphical clients derived from V2Ray

Because V2Ray and Xray projects are open source, there are graphical proxy clients compatible with or containing V2Ray and Xray core developed on websites such as Github, such as

• Qv2ray - A proxy client compatible with multiple platforms and protocols developed using Qt / C ++

• SagerNet - An Android proxy client that contains v2ray-core and can support multiple proxy protocols such as Brook, Hysteria, Naive, Mieru, etc. by adding plugins

• AnXray - An Android proxy client that contains xray-core

• v2rayNG - An Android proxy client that contains v2ray-core and xray-core

• v2rayN - A Windows proxy client that contains v2ray-core and xray-core

Evaluation

A report in the South China Morning Post said that V2Ray is a reliable way for many Chinese people to access the global Internet, these users are either tech-savvy or subscribe to paid services; V2Ray is also the spiritual successor of Shadowsocks, and the support for personal domains and TLS is a kind of progress over Shadowsocks, these features can disguise the traffic as coming from unblocked websites.

References

This article "V2Ray" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:V2Ray. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.

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