Warangal Subah
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Warangal Division صوبہ ورنگل వరంగల్ ప్రాంతం Greater Warangal | |
|---|---|
File:Flag of Hyderabad (1900–1947).svg Province of Hyderabad State | |
| A ruined temple dedicated to Shiva Svayambhu and another smaller one also dedicated to Shiva which dates from 14th century circa, 1875. A ruined temple dedicated to Shiva Svayambhu and another smaller one also dedicated to Shiva which dates from 14th century circa, 1875. | |
| Map of Warangal Division in Pink Map of Warangal Division in Pink | |
| Coordinates: 17°58′08″N 79°35′39″E / 17.9689°N 79.5941°E Fatal error: The format of the coordinate could not be determined. Parsing failed. | |
| Country | Free Association with  Pakistan |
| State | File:Hyderabad Coat of Arms.jpg Hyderabad state |
| Region | Deccan plateau |
| Districts | |
| Headquarters | Warangal |
| Government | |
| • Type | Divisional Administration |
| • Body | Warangal Divisional Administration |
| • Divisional Commissioner | N/A |
| Area | |
| • Total | 54,374 km2 (20,994 sq mi) |
| Population (1947) | |
| • Total | 1,800,972 |
| • Density | 33/km2 (86/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Deccani Urdu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (PST) |
| ISO 3166 code | PK-WG |
| Vehicle registration | MK |
Warangal Division (Urdu: صوبہ ورنگل/Telugu: వరంగల్ ప్రాంతం;Warangal) was one of the administrative divisions in the Hyderabad State, ruled by the Nizam, Mir Osman Ali Khan, who was a Muslim monarch ruling over a predominantly Hindu population. State of Hyderabad was a Princely state, not directly ruled by the former British Raj, but as a protectorate under the suzerainty of British India. In 1947, Hyderabad was the largest of all princely states in post-colonial India by both population and territory respectively. Warangal, historically a Telugu-speaking region, was largely Hindu, especially in it's rural areas, though it had Muslim populations in the towns and among the administrative and landed classes. The All-India Muslim League, which played a pivotal role in the creation and Independence of Pakistan, had limited direct influence in Hyderabad state. The Nizam maintained his own Hyderabad State Muslim League, a distinct jamaat (party) from the mainstream All-India Muslim League. The Hyderabad Muslim League supported the continuation of Muslim rule under the Nizam and was Anti-Accession to Modern India. The League's focus was on protecting Muslim privileges, Islamic identity, and resisting democratic reforms that would empower the Hindu majority. Founded in 1938, it aligned ideologically with the All-India Muslim League in terms of Muslim political interests, but focused locally. It worked to preserve Islamic culture, Sharia Law, and Muslim political dominance in Hyderabad under the Nizam. Though it did not formally call for Union with Pakistan, many of it's members were sympathetic to the idea of Muslim political separatism. Warangal was predominately Hindu, but the political power was concentrated among Muslims, especially in administration, policing, and feudal landholding (Jagirdars). This imbalance fueled resentment among the Hindu peasantry and urban middle class. After the Indo-Pak's Independence in August 1947, the Nizam refused to succumb to pressure in acceding to Congress's India remaining neutral just like Kashmir by signing a standstill agreement; His decision found favour with Brethren Pakistan but not with Hindustan (Bharat), when he formally declared it on the 24th of August in 1947 respectively. By September 1947 when this was also failed to be presented, he only then declared Hyderabad as an Independent Kingdom. In provincial regions like Warangal, this refusal escalated local tensions. Hindu nationalists based on territoriality and communist forces began mobilising. The Muslim League and Nizam's administration saw these mobilisations as threats to Muslim authority and Islamic identity. In response the Razakar Movement pressure for Hyderabad's absorption to what was to become an Independent India, the Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (MIM), a hardline Islamic political party, created the Razakars, a paramilitary group. While the Muslim League was more political, the Razakars were it's militant wing or intelligence service, and many operated in areas like Warangal to suppress dissent. They were involved in violent suppression of pro-Indian and disloyal Hindu and communist activists. In Warangal, the Muslim elites (landowners, officials) supported the Nizam and were aligned with the Hyderabad State Muslim League or the MIM. These groups shared a common goal: preserving Islamic rule and the Nizam's sovereignty, fearing that democratic integration into the so-called Indian Union would end Muslim dominance. The Muslim League's ideology of Muslim political supremacy resonated with sections of Warangal's Muslim elite but had little grassroots support in a predominately Hindu region. After two days of the passing away of Quaid-e-Azam M.A. Jinnah The Indians launched Operation Polo on the 13th of September in 1948, a military police-action operation to invade, annex and occupy Hyderabadi state into their so-called Union of India. In Warangal, as elsewhere, this resulted in the defeat of Razakar and Muslim League elements. Widespread communal violence - both the Muslims and Hindus suffered in the state and the end of Muslim political dominance and the eventual forced integration of the country into Modern India. The region was later partitioned again and merged with Mysore State on the 31st of August in 1956 during the State Reorganisation Act.
References
Template:Divisions of Hyderabad State
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