White clothing
White clothing in religious traditions[edit]
White clothing is clothing in white and shades of white that is perceived by the eyes to be white--including bright white, eggshell, light cream, alabaster, ecru white, off white, ghost white, and more. [1], [2] White clothing is very popular since ancient times, and is significance in many religious faith traditions. For example, the wearing of the color white is mentioned in the Holy Bible's Old Testament section, Ecclesiates, in the "Live Joyfully" text that appears in 9:8 "Let thy garments always be white: and let thy head lack no ointment.".[3] The Old Testament is a foundation for many religions such as Judaism, Christianity, the Moslem religion, and some offshoot religions. Some of these traditions of wearing white clothing in different cultures around the world include:
- Christianity: Christian baptismal garments are traditionally white. Some churches also adopt white clothing for certain members of their clergy or religious; best known is the white clothing of the pope. Angels in human form are described as wearing white clothes.[4]
- The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints: LDS members attach particular significance to white clothing. The officiant and the proselyte at a Mormon baptism are both dressed entirely in white. It is traditional, though not required, to dress babies and small children in white when they are blessed. In recent years, it has become common for men who bless or pass the sacramental tokens to wear ties and white shirts. Additionally, temple workers and temple patrons dress in white temple attire to work in the temple or participate in temple ordinances. LDS undergarments are also white.
- Judaism: The ceremonial kittel (Yiddish/Ashkenazic Hebrew: "robe or coat") worn on religious holidays, is white to symbolize purity. The tallit katan (Yiddish/Ashkenazic Hebrew: "small tallit") is likewise white in color, as, on high holidays, is the gartel (Yiddish/Ashkenazic Hebrew: "belt, girdle, or sash"). There is also a wide-spread custom to wear white dress shirts and white dresses on Jewish holidays, especially around the holiday's dinner table.
- Islam: Islam encourages men to wear white clothes for it is known as the purest of colours. Muslim men wear white especially on Fridays. It is preferred for Muslim men to wear a white ihraam (special garments for Hajj), which consists of an izaar (lower garment) and a rida’ (upper garment) when going to the pilgrimage to Makkah. This is symbolic to the fact that everybody will die and the fact that it portrays simplicity. White is the preferred colour for the shrouds of the dead in Islam. Prophet Muhammad has been reported to have said: 'Wear your white clothes, for they are the best of your clothes, and shroud your deed in them.' (Reported by Abu Dawood and al-Tirmidhi).
- Hindu: In funerals, the Hindu people wear white casual clothes in respect of the dead. Widows and sometimes widowers are expected to dress in white clothing to signify their status. (See Mourning (Hindu).)[5] "A Hindu widow would wear a white dress in mourning." [6]Hindus also can wear white clothing when meditating or trying to get a visionary experience from a deity (many Hindu deities are associated with different colors) associated with the color white, such as in developing the Sahasrara Chakra in relevance to Saguna Brahman.[7], [8]
- Buddhism: In many Asian cultures, white clothing is worn as a sign of mourning. "At a traditional Buddhist funeral, the family will wear white or cover their clothing with a traditional white cloth, along with a headband or armband."[9] "Offering a white scarf--called a kata--is an ancient Tibetan tradition. The color symbolizes purity of intention and aspiration. It is an ancient custom to bring an offering when visiting a temple, shrine, guru, or teacher."[10]"This custom is still prevalent today and stems from the practices of the shamanistic divinities in the pre-Buddhist periods."[11] In Sri Lanka, lay Buddhists wear white clothing during ceremonies and auspicious times.[12] In Thailand, dedicated lay devotees who take on 8 precepts (called Upāsakas / Upāsikās) wear white.
- Mandean: Adherents dress in the Rasta, a required white garment worn during baptisms and other ordinances.
- Santería: Initiates in Santería are required to wear white clothing for a year, white clothing is also standard attire for attending Santería religious services.
- Sikhism: Kundalini yogis, as taught by Sikhi master Yogi Bhajan, wear all white and cover their heads to expand their auras and practice mindfulness.
- Voodoo Entire white clothing is considered a default attire for lay worshippers attending Voodoo ceremonies as a sign of purity and modesty. White attire is also worn during initiation and ordination ceremonies. White is considered sacred to the Voodoo spirits of Dahomean origin and is sometimes worn by Voodoo adherents on days sacred to Dahomean spirits.
- Wicca: Ritual robes are often made from white cloth, with little or no decoration, according to the customs of certain traditions. White represents holiness and purity.
- Zoroastrianism: Priests of the faith dress in white robes and caps.
In culture[edit]
White Clothing in Ancient Egypt[edit]
White clothing was very popular in Ancient Egypt, most of the populace wore white clothing, the ruling classes wore white clothing made from the finest [linen]s and [silk]. Ancient “Egyptian clothing is almost always white, the natural color of flax, because it was hard to dye linen.” The royals usually wore clothing of the whitest softest linen, diaphanous linen, (also called royal linen), and/or white silk with colorful stripes and adornments such as [embroidery] with pearls and gems. [13],[14], [15]White [silk] gloves with decorations were found in Tutankhamen's tomb which became later popular with the royals and found in tombs.[16]
The White Clad People of Ancient Korea, modern Korea[edit]
The Ancient Koreans were known as the "white clad people," white clothing (called Hanbok) for them expresses simplicity, cleanliness, peace, and wholesomeness. The populace wore white clothing, but some of the ruling classes would wear colorful Hanbok. [17],[18] The white background of the flag of South Korea called Taegukgi, represents the land [19], and peace. [20]
Ancient to modern--white clothing in China, East Asia, Southeast Asia[edit]
In China, East Asia, and Southeast Asia, the color white is associated with death. Usually, white is worn by mourners and at funerals. The white clothing attire can also consist of white robes, white cloaks, white shoes, white hats, and white shawls. The white clothing is usually made from silk, cotton, or hemp, and is unbleached and undyed and is usually referred to as ("素 sù"). In some areas, Western influence has some mourners wearing black, but usually those are the men, and they wear a white armband . . ." Though, "A white flower in woman's hair is considered unlucky,"[21]
White was the color of the Chinese Shang dynasty.[22]. The Shang dynasty and surrounding areas were not totally Asian, as evidence of small black Africans from the Andaman Islands settled in parts of Asia. [23] They may have influenced the popularity of the color white, that is unclear.
White Clothing in Japan[edit]
Care of White Clothing, ancient to modern[edit]
White clothing is also easy to clean naturally since ancient times, and that also made it a popular way to dress. The use of milk to wash the clothes and then hanging them outdoors in sunlight, was a natural bleach. Other easy ways to clean white clothes used since ancient times are washing them with lemon or vinegar, and hanging them in the sun to dry. Many of these types of successful laundry methods are still used today in some areas of the world.[24]
White Clothing in Europe, and the United States[edit]
In modern times, white clothing is worn by more than 20 professions in some countries. Chefs, bakers, doctors, nurses, lab technicians, and painters often wear white uniforms in the United States.[25] White is the official color of dress for tennis players at Wimbledon, London’s All England Lawn Tennis and Racquet Club's in Great Britain, and some tennis clubs around the world just allow the wearing of white tennis outfits.[26] The sport of Croquet also uses white attire in most of their clubs. There are a few other sports that also have a white clothing dress code, such as the Japanese martial arts forms of Karate and Jujitsu. Beginners in these martial arts forms often start out with a white belt, and different color belts are given for showing the level of training, and often white uniforms are used by all skill levels for formal occasions.[27] White attire is usually part of cricket clothing and equipment, cricket in the West Indies is a very popular sport, once just played by white colonialists, and invented in 13th Century Europe, it went mainstream in some areas of the world. Most of the European white clothing began popularity in the Victorian era.[28] The popularity of the white shirt as casual wear and elegant wear, was unfortunately led by France's Queen Marie Antionette (1755 – 1842), and a popular portrait of her wearing a very fancy ruffled cotton white attire[29] since it encouraged the African slave trade that was occurring during that time, as many slaves were forced into extremely harsh labor to produce cotton in the Americas and Caribbean.[30]
In Puerto Rico, traditional dress occurs during the Quinceañera celebration, where a 15 year-old girl being honored wears a long white or pastel colored gown.[31]
The White Wedding Attire
Queen Victoria's marriage to Prince Albert changed wedding dress tradition, as the color white was not used before. [32] Queen Victoria's wedding dress created the popularity for white wedding fashion for brides. Though Mary, Queen of Scots wore a white wedding dress at her first wedding when she married Francis, the Dauphin of France and she also wore white mourning dresses after losing several family members, that was more than 400 years before, and the beauty of her white wedding dress did not seem to create much popularity of it.[33],Black was briefly retired in 1938, following the death of Queen Elizabeth II's grandmother, the Countess of Strathmore. A photograph shows the Queen Mother wearing a white dress designed by Norman Hartnell to honor her mother's passing.
White clothing created in 1938 for British Queen consort Elizabeth's visit to France
Queen consort of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions--Queen Elizabeth, also known later as the Queen Mother (queen consort, 1936–1952; queen mother, 1952–2002), during the summer of 1938, wore 30 white outfits during her visit to France on a Royal Tour, and to discuss the political problems of Adolf Hitler and his National Socialist Party gaining power in Germany. On July 19, 1938, consort Queen Elizabeth wore elegant white attire when she entered Paris, France.[34],<https://www.hellomagazine.com/fashion/royal-style/20210416111130/queen-mother-white-wardrobe-mothers-funeral</ref>
Prior, it was discussed what her attire should be. "The queen’s couturier, Norman Hartnell, did some research and came up with a solution: white. White had been the color of deepest mourning among medieval queens. The Queens of France had also traditionally wore mourning white. Queen Victoria had been buried in white. It was all perfectly acceptable." Hartnell also studied the 15th Century Mary Queen of Scots' white wedding clothing and white mourning clothing.[35],[36]Hartnell had produced the 30 gorgeous white outfits in two weeks, and they became an international fashion sensation.[37]
The consort Queen Elizabeth also wore white in mourning instead of the traditional black mourning attire to honor the death of her mother the Countess of Strathmore who was also the grandmother of the consort Queen's daughter, Queen Elizabeth 11. The Royal Mourning postponed the consort Queen Elizabeth's visit to France for several weeks.[38],[39]
Formal white tie and white dinner jacket
The white tie is the most formal tie attire for the often called "white tie affair." The white dinner jacket is usually worn with white tuxedo trousers or black tuxedo trousers. [40] "The white dinner jacket began to appear in the 1930s . . .The white dinner jacket was worn by Humphrey Bogart in Casablanca. It was also made popular by the ruling classes in tropical Havanna in the 1950s.[41]
White Clothing in Ireland[edit]
White wool (merino) clothing entered popularity in Ireland, as the cable knit sweater due to the Aran Isle off of the coast of Ireland. Knitting began in the 17th Century in Ireland, and many years later cable knit designs were produced. [42] The cable knits entered in the 1900s were helpful in identifying lost sailors found deceased or not conscious on shore, as each village had its own cable knit design. So, the fisherman and sailors helped create a modern cable knit sweater boom that became popular in many parts of the world.
White Clothing in Russia[edit]
Traditionally Russian brides wore white, red, and black, and the populace often the same but of a different style. [43]Fine white linen and silk white clothing and white gloves were mainly worn by the aristocracy in Russia, and some military since the 19th Century, and clergy for a longer time period.[44] Russian white clothing revealed different stages of life in transformation from birth to death. White was worn to show symbolically the "leaving of one way of life to another." For example, a groom to be would wear a white shirt since he would go from being a single person to a married life. [45]
Vladimir Lenin, leader of the Bolshevik Russian Revolution is well known to have said, "You cannot make a revolution in white gloves."[46]
White clothing in the Middle East and Africa[edit]
White clothing is popular in the Middle East and some African countries, and it is also Islamic fashion. In some Middle Eastern countries only the men wear white, the color white is to show pious and humility. There are varying styles of attire in white in the different areas where it is worn. [47]
White clothing in India[edit]
Traditional men’s clothes that are white in India are the Dhoti-Kurta, often just called Dhoti is worn in villages in mainly cities located in southern India. “It is an unstitched piece of cloth in plain white, coloured or checks, which is wrapped around the waist.” The Dhoti is also called ‘Mundu’ in Malayalam, ‘Dhotar’ in Marathi, ‘Panche’ in Kannada and other names. [48] India's former leader Mahatma Gandhi shed his three piece suit legal attire for a Dhoti making headlines around the world in 1921 in his resistance to British occupation of India. His humble, pious clothes also representing resistance to foreign occupation of India to this day in some areas. “Former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill met Gandhi a decade after he discarded stitched clothes and said, ‘It is alarming and also nauseating to see Mr. Gandhi, a seditious middle temple lawyer, now posing as a fakir, striding half-naked up the steps of the Viceregal Palace, to parley on equal terms with the representative of the king-emperor,'" as supposedly reported by the news tabloids of that time. When Mahatma Gandhi celebrated India’s independence from Great Britain in August 1947. He sent a wedding present to British Princess Elizabeth for her marriage to Prince Philip in November that year. He sent a Dhoti that he had spun himself, “but the Queen’s grandmother Queen Mary took offence mistaking it for a loin cloth, calling it ‘rather vulgar’”. [49]
White clothing in South America[edit]
In many South American countries, white shirts are very popular among the men, usually it is due to European or African influence. In Columbia, South America since the 16th century, with the influx of Europeans due to colonialization, in the Andean and Orinoco regions, men wore and wear light, simple, but important symbolic clothing that includes a white shirt. The men in the Orinco region also often wear white trousers that are partially rolled up the leg. Along the coast, the sombrero vueltiao hat is a black and white striped hat worn by males.[50]
In Brazil, it is traditional to wear white clothes on New Year's Eve, this is because of the influence of African culture there since the importation of African slaves to Brazil from the 16th to 19th Centuries. In the African Candomblé religion practiced in Brazil, white is worn in rituals to seek peace and spiritual purification, and the wearing of white became popular on New Year's Eve due to this.[51]Brazilians can wear other colors on New Year's Eve, as different colors have different meanings, but usually white clothes are chosen.
In the Amazon region, there is a variety of fashion among the indigenous including nude, but some wear white shirts, and some of the fishermen wear white trousers.[52]
White clothing in the Caribbean[edit]
White is a very popular color on some Caribbean islands among all of the people that live there, and the white clothes are usually made by linen. [53]
The Knights Templar and White Clothing[edit]
The monastic medieval Knights Templar originally had white regalia, as a symbol of them being a monastic organization due to priests in the monasteries wearing white; but, after 10 years the Knights Templar switched to a sandy color light brown because they felt that white clothes would encourage those not worthy of them to wear them. Images of white robes with large red crosses belong to the ”fraternity of Freemasons” dress code starting in the 15th Century.[54]
Freemasons ceremonial white aprons and white gloves[edit]
Ceremonial white aprons and white gloves are worn by Freemasons around the world. They symbolize hope, purity, and truth.[55]
Astronaut's Spacesuits are usually White[edit]
Worldwide, astronaut spacesuits are usually white. NASA spacesuits are white and "have many pieces and parts . . ." and "The white spacesuit an astronaut wears during a spacewalk is called the extravehicular mobility unit, or EMU. Extravehicular means outside of the vehicle or spacecraft. Mobility means that the astronaut can move while wearing the suit."[56]
White gloves in upper society, opera, archival maintenance, in phrases[edit]
White gloves are used for the cleanliness of the hands and the objects they touch.
History[edit]
Ancient Romans often wore white gloves called "Digitalia" that was made from linen or silk. They were worn when eating to protect their hands from hot meals since they did not use utensils.[57] White gloves were used from the medieval period to the early 18th century by the Knight's circle to challenge someone to a duel. If the white glove was thrown under the opposites feet, that meant a duel.[58]if a knight received a white glove from a woman it symbolized great favor. "The knight wore this symbol on his neck in a special bag and never left it. The Lombardians gave a glove and a sword to their fiancees as a symbol of faithfulness during a marriage ceremony."[59]
During the Victorian era, white gloves were portrayed in the arts and culture as a symbol of a woman's purity. Keeping white gloves on until marriage is sometimes mentioned in the literature of that day, and a lost white glove, or a white glove lying on the ground portraying the loss of innocence in a painting, such as in William Holman Hunt’s "The Awakening."[60] The upper classes in Victorian society wore white gloves stitched or embroidered with black during mourning. [61]
Opera length long white gloves were often worn by classy women in upper society for centuries were more popular during the Victorian period, such if they would go to the opera. Evening gloves, also known as opera gloves, were a form of pure glamour and often a mandatory dress code.[62]
White gloves have been used historically for often handling archives, to prevent the archives from hand and finger contaminants. Some archival institutions are changing that in some instances. "The National Archives and Records Administration (US), the Library of Congress, The National Archives (UK), and the British Library are just some of the major repositories that allow researchers to handle some documents without gloves."[63]
Today, white gloves are sometimes used in phrases in the United States: "White glove test--giving the meaning of cleanliness, that a white glove would not get dirty by touching something, made a popular phrase by Hollywood.[64] "Handling with kid gloves" became a popular phrase to mean to handle carefully, delicately a situation to avoid conflict or problems. [65] (Kid gloves are made from kidskin leather, from young goats, that are usually white.) "White Wedding"--a traditional wedding held in a church where white attire for the bride is the main fashion.[66]
White Gloves in cartoons[edit]
Many of USA's Walt Disney's animated cartoon characters such as Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, Donald Duck, Pinocchio, Goofy, and others often wear white gloves, it became so popular that his rivals used them also. Some suggest it is racist parody of black minstrel vaudeville shows of the past, and others suggest it made animation of hands easier and less costly.[67] White gloves appear in animation in the popular British Alice in Wonderland.[68]
The white shirt in Die Welle film[edit]
The Wave is a 2008 German socio-political thriller, directed by Dennis Gansel, and starring Jürgen Vogel, Frederick Lau, Jennifer Ulrich and Max Riemelt in the leads. It is based on Ron Jones' social experiment, The Third Wave and Todd Strasser's novel, The Wave. In the film, the wearing of a simple, popular white shirt becomes part of a social dress code to help high school students learn how easily fascism can gradually take over with simple group manipulation methods. The film is based on a true account of a social studies teacher, Ron Jones, in 1967's California, USA, giving the students learning assignments on how easy it is to become a fascist, such as in the past Nazi Europe.[69]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ https://sewguide.com/color-names-in-fashion/#white_colors
- ↑ https://simplicable.com/new/white-color
- ↑ Holy Bible, King James Version, 9:8, Copyright 1977, 1984, 2001 by Thomas Nelson , Inc., printed in Belgium
- ↑ "Christianity". Learn Religions. Retrieved 2020-02-06.
- ↑ "Hinduism". Learn Religions. Retrieved 2020-02-06.
- ↑ https://wou.edu/wp/exhibits/files/2015/07/hinduism.pdf
- ↑ www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuOzy0IVpMI
- ↑ http://www.kundalinimeditation.in
- ↑ http://www.funeralwise.com/customs/buddhist
- ↑ http://www.beliefnet.com/faiths/buddhism/2001/03/blessings-and-offerings.aspx#:~:text=Offering%20a%20white%20scarf--called%20a%20kata%20--is%20an,when%20visiting%20a%20temple%2C%20shrine%2C%20guru%2C%20or%20teacher
- ↑ http://www.gentlemansgazette.com/evolution-neckwear-tie-cravat-scarf
- ↑ "Buddhism: Dress code | 10 | Red Zambala". Buddhism: Dress code | 10 | Red Zambala. Retrieved 2020-02-06.
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- ↑ Color Symbolism in Chinese Art, chinasage.info/symbols/colors.htm
- ↑ https://www.flickr.com/photos/rosemania/3267207063
- ↑ https://atlantablackstar.com/2014/06/20/the-black-presence-in-early-china
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- ↑ www.allseasonsuniforms.com/blog/10-reasons-why-painters-always-wear-white-psst-its-not-what-you-think
- ↑ https://time.com/5323876/wimbledon-dress-code
- ↑ www.peacefulwarriorphx.com/uniforms-and-rank.html
- ↑ https://librarycompany.org/2017/08/28/white-clothing-and-victorian-laundry
- ↑ https://www.wikigallery.org/wiki/painting_147689/Elisabeth-Vigee-Lebrun/Copy-of-a-Portrait-of-Marie-Antoinette-1755-93-after-1783
- ↑ https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/fashion/a32904745/history-white-shirt
- ↑ https://traveltips.usatoday.com/history-puerto-rico-clothing-traditions-100954.html
- ↑ http://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-history-of-the-white-wedding-dress.html
- ↑ www.madameguillotine.co.uk/2011/12/08/the-first-wedding-of-mary-queen-of-scots/
- ↑ https://fashionforrealwomen.com/blog/white-wardrobe-1938
- ↑ https://www.cnn.com/style/article/royal-mourning-dress-code-history/index.html
- ↑ http://theenchantedmanor.com/hartnells-famous-white-wardrobe
- ↑ http://theenchantedmanor.com/hartnells-famous-white-wardrobe
- ↑ http://theenchantedmanor.com/hartnells-famous-white-wardrobe
- ↑ https://www.cnn.com/style/article/royal-mourning-dress-code-history/index.html
- ↑ https://witness2fashion.wordpress.com/2016/07/02/a-gentlemans-white-dinner-jacket-1934/
- ↑ tailoredman.com/white-dinner-jackets-wedding-season
- ↑ http://www.irishcultureandcustoms.com/AEmblem/Sweaters.html
- ↑ http://traditionalrussiancostume.com/costumeinfo/xru_en.php?nametxt=7
- ↑ https://fashion-history.lovetoknow.com/clothing-around-world/russia-history-dress
- ↑ http://traditionalrussiancostume.com
- ↑ https://russkiymir.ru/en/publications/233595
- ↑ istizada.com/arab-clothing-the-ultimate-guide/#:~:text=The%20white%20robe%2C%20called%20thoub%2Fthobe%2C%20dishdasha%20or%20kandora%2C,dishdasha%20remains%20the%20landmark%20of%20Gulf%20men’s%20fashion
- ↑ https://www.culturalindia.net/indian-clothing/
- ↑ https://www.express.co.uk/news/royal/1252131/royal-family-news-queen-elizabeth-ii-ghandi-prince-philip-queen-mary-wedding-gift-spt
- ↑ https://www.colombia.co/en/colombia-culture/folklore/get-know-colombias-beautiful-varied-traditional-clothing/?__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=d4f16dba773a3de2269020088efc9d327fe7b27f-1623350767-0-AcQttGVPYYMz5Crpd_zB6HPDPhyuysBnBs8Lz3fbV_tFLLz9USUI-LiqfWpM3JMyW_9biZ3Z7QBsag_PNjNqZrB9eUjhQ7titN8tDkcdjo-5477YE3LmhoyexNT8UHMT7cGIm-9fEWa1qwQVUXe9nzrIz7rrSCuy5zKud7s49dlHqMZkyMssSJT32jZa_L6y2xvRnlvzqWQTN_fWDq5jxe4bymSVlTRtjFzA1zL0MIhWeMgvMv8cAVvqAVaoEr74O8Vw341HEDxR3wnoimd5fmEK53hXOq2u_2xqsgF4F5HeJW3oh5m39oZMEjSZkgUQb7JMol3DrYv4jK-bQ5FPmVb3mUr267yrKcpTV3CQmS7z6GOFQEupBajGNKRmOO4eF_orrkeKj9q1bgoX-oLveKjX_pMnqz1RJjXsmWsilh1zYapfCI-QKGEUV_NTsiXVxIA0WSrbUt62EKUOpssmahmYVG-hqPuMQcIH4V5SpwXIIXlX8g0UUsTcNNo3B87zhQ
- ↑ https://www.iheartbrazil.com/new-year-in-brazil
- ↑ https://www.colombia.co/en/colombia-culture/folklore/get-know-colombias-beautiful-varied-traditional-clothing/?__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=d4f16dba773a3de2269020088efc9d327fe7b27f-1623350767-0-AcQttGVPYYMz5Crpd_zB6HPDPhyuysBnBs8Lz3fbV_tFLLz9USUI-LiqfWpM3JMyW_9biZ3Z7QBsag_PNjNqZrB9eUjhQ7titN8tDkcdjo-5477YE3LmhoyexNT8UHMT7cGIm-9fEWa1qwQVUXe9nzrIz7rrSCuy5zKud7s49dlHqMZkyMssSJT32jZa_L6y2xvRnlvzqWQTN_fWDq5jxe4bymSVlTRtjFzA1zL0MIhWeMgvMv8cAVvqAVaoEr74O8Vw341HEDxR3wnoimd5fmEK53hXOq2u_2xqsgF4F5HeJW3oh5m39oZMEjSZkgUQb7JMol3DrYv4jK-bQ5FPmVb3mUr267yrKcpTV3CQmS7z6GOFQEupBajGNKRmOO4eF_orrkeKj9q1bgoX-oLveKjX_pMnqz1RJjXsmWsilh1zYapfCI-QKGEUV_NTsiXVxIA0WSrbUt62EKUOpssmahmYVG-hqPuMQcIH4V5SpwXIIXlX8g0UUsTcNNo3B87zhQ
- ↑ https://www.colombia.co/en/colombia-culture/folklore/get-know-colombias-beautiful-varied-traditional-clothing/?__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=d4f16dba773a3de2269020088efc9d327fe7b27f-1623350767-0-AcQttGVPYYMz5Crpd_zB6HPDPhyuysBnBs8Lz3fbV_tFLLz9USUI-LiqfWpM3JMyW_9biZ3Z7QBsag_PNjNqZrB9eUjhQ7titN8tDkcdjo-5477YE3LmhoyexNT8UHMT7cGIm-9fEWa1qwQVUXe9nzrIz7rrSCuy5zKud7s49dlHqMZkyMssSJT32jZa_L6y2xvRnlvzqWQTN_fWDq5jxe4bymSVlTRtjFzA1zL0MIhWeMgvMv8cAVvqAVaoEr74O8Vw341HEDxR3wnoimd5fmEK53hXOq2u_2xqsgF4F5HeJW3oh5m39oZMEjSZkgUQb7JMol3DrYv4jK-bQ5FPmVb3mUr267yrKcpTV3CQmS7z6GOFQEupBajGNKRmOO4eF_orrkeKj9q1bgoX-oLveKjX_pMnqz1RJjXsmWsilh1zYapfCI-QKGEUV_NTsiXVxIA0WSrbUt62EKUOpssmahmYVG-hqPuMQcIH4V5SpwXIIXlX8g0UUsTcNNo3B87zhQ
- ↑ knightstemplarorder.org/official-regalia
- ↑ http://themasonictrowel.com/Articles/Symbolism/general_files/the_symbolism_of_the_gloves_and_apron.htm
- ↑ www.nasa.gov/audience/foreducators/spacesuits/home/clickable_suit_nf.html
- ↑ http://www.gloves.com.ua/about_glove_en.php
- ↑ http://www.gloves.com.ua/about_glove_en.php
- ↑ http://www.gloves.com.ua/about_glove_en.php
- ↑ victorianweb.org/art/costume/gloves.html
- ↑ http://www.katetattersall.com/mourning-dress-victorian
- ↑ eno.org/discover-opera/the-history-of-the-opera-dress-code
- ↑ https://www.ancestry.com/corporate/blog/the-white-glove-debate
- ↑ tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/WhiteGloveTest
- ↑ http://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/origin-of-phrase-with-kid-gloves
- ↑ https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/white+wedding
- ↑ www.express.co.uk/entertainment/films/762722/Disney-racist-Mickey-Mouse-gloves-blackface-minstrels-Vaudeville-The-Opry-House
- ↑ http://www.litcharts.com/lit/alice-s-adventures-in-wonderland/characters/the-white-rabbit
- ↑ https://timeline.com/this-1967-classroom-experiment-proved-how-easy-it-was-for-americans-to-become-nazis-ab63cedaf7dd
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