Ahmed Ali Banskandi
Shaikhul Hadith, Mawlāna Ahmed Ali Banskandi | |
---|---|
2nd President of Assam State Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind | |
In office 1957 – 11 June 2000 | |
Preceded by | Noor Ali Badarpuri |
Succeeded by | Maulana Abdul Haque |
Amir-e-Shariat of Northeast India | |
In office 1990 – 11 June 2000 | |
Personal | |
Born | Ahmed Ali 1915 Badarpur, Assam, British India |
Died | 11 June 2000 Mumbai, Maharashtra, India | (aged 84–85)
Resting place | The campus of Darul Uloom Banskandi |
Religion | Islam |
Nationality |
|
Denomination | Sunni |
Jurisprudence | Hanafi |
Movement | Deobandi |
Alma mater | Darul Uloom Deoband |
Teachers | Hussain Ahmad Madani, Izaz Ali Amrohi |
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Ahmed Ali Banskandi (1915–11 June 2000), also known as Ahmed Ali Badarpuri or Ahmed Ali Assami, was an Indian Islamic scholar, a freedom fighter, and an educationist. He served as the president of the Assam State Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind for 44 years.
Early life and education[edit]
Ahmed Ali Banskandi was born in 1915 in Badarpur, Assam, into a Sufi family.[1] He was a descendant of Munawwar Khadim Yemeni, who was an attendant of Shah Jalal Mujarrad Yemeni's authorised disciple, Shah Sikandar Ghazi.[2][3][4]
Ahmed Ali received his primary education locally in Badarpur and then enrolled at the Sylhet Government Alia Madrasah for his further studies, where he studied from 1938 to 1940 and formally graduated in dars-e-nizami. He memorized the Qur'an in two and a half months. He subsequently joined Darul Uloom Deoband to study the courses again but could not continue due to certain health complications. In 1950, he attended the Deoband seminary once more to study the courses of Daura-e-Hadith (The last year in dars-e-nizami) and Daura-e-Tafsir (specialisation in the exegesis of the Quran), and completed his studies by the next year. His teachers included Hussain Ahmad Madani, Abdus Sami Deobandi, Izaz Ali Amrohi, Fakhrul Hasan Muradabadi, and Abdul Ahad Deobandi.[5][6][7][8] He was an authorised disciple of Madani in Sufism.[9][10][11][12][13][14]
Career[edit]
Ahmed Ali started his career as a teacher at Darul Uloom Banskandi. In 1955, Hussain Ahmad Madani sent him there without any invitation from the institution. The madrassa authority refused to appoint him as a teacher. However, they later accepted him after they obtained a letter from Madani.[15][16][17]
In 1957, Madani appointed him to the post of Shaykhul Hadith and entrusted to him the charge of the institution. He retained his position until his last breath. Thus, his teaching career lasted for over 45 years.[15][16][17] He associated himself with the Indian independence movement.[5][6][7][8]
In 1957, he was unanimously elected president of the Assam State Jamiat Ulama-e Hind. Before it, he had to work as a secretary, convener, and simple worker. He carried out his leadership responsibilities by facing the Pakistani Deportation Movement, also known as the Bongal Kheda Movement, which intensified in the sixties and continued into the 1970s and 1980s.[18][19][20]
He raised a strong voice against the then Chaliha government and compelled it to stop the inhuman torture of minorities in the name of foreigners. He opposed the Assam Movement, which peaked with the Nellie massacre. He stood by the victims, providing quick relief. He forced Hiteswar Saikia, law minister Abdul Muhib Mazumdar, and Prime Minister Indira Gandhi to provide some special protections for the minorities. The result was the IMDT Act of 1983.[18][19][20]
In the early 1990s, Ahmed Ali had to face another movement known as the Bodo Movement, which created a cruel massacre in lower Assam. He raised a strong demand with the government for the security and rehabilitation of the victims. He even shouldering the burden of 600 homeless orphans affected by this movement and sheltered them in Banskandi madrasa. Thus, he fought against any kind of injustice and finally against some communal remarks made by the government in arranging a historical Jamiat meeting at Guwahati on April 1, 2000.[18][19][20]
Ahmed Ali participated in the freedom struggle being inspired by his teacher, Hussain Ahmad Madani. He was arrested and imprisoned several times for anti-British activities. He worked in support of the Jamiat and opposed the partition of India. He even took a bold step to get Sylhet into India during the Sylhet Referendum held in July 1947.[21][22][23][24]
He founded thousands of mosques, madrasas, and khanqahs, and finally the Gauhati Khanqah, where thousands of people visit every year seeking spiritual guidance. He opposed the hypocrisy and deviance of the Qadianis. He even wrote a book in Bangla, named Khatme Nabuwwater O Qadianiater Gumrahir Akatya Dalil Samooh (
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People irrespective of caste, creed, and community visited him. His visitors include even great political leaders like Indira Gandhi, Rajiv Gandhi, Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, and many others.[31]
Honours and Positions[edit]
After the demise of Ahmed Ali, the Tarun Gogoi Government instituted the Ahmed Ali Banskandi Award in his honor.[32][33][34][35] Since 1990, he has also served as the Amir-e-Shariat of Northeast India until his death.[32][36][37]
Literary works[edit]
Ahmed Ali wrote a number of books in Bengali, Assamese, and Urdu. These include:[38][39][40][41]
- Alam-e-Barzakh (Bengali and Assamese;
)Part of a series on Translation Types Theory Technologies Localization Institutional Related topics - Pabitra Haram Trayer Itihas (Bengali;
)Part of a series on Translation Types Theory Technologies Localization Institutional Related topics - Jamiat-er Mul Katha (Bengali;
)Part of a series on Translation Types Theory Technologies Localization Institutional Related topics - Elme Ma'rifater Bishista Bahantray O Mashaekh Charit (Bengali;
)Part of a series on Translation Types Theory Technologies Localization Institutional Related topics - Fazail-e-Shaban, Ramadan O Fazail-e-Nafil Roja (Assamese;
)Part of a series on Translation Types Theory Technologies Localization Institutional Related topics - Khatme Nabuwwater O Qadianiater Gumrahir Akatya Dalil Samooh (Bengali;
)Part of a series on Translation Types Theory Technologies Localization Institutional Related topics - Zuhur-e-Mahdi O Nuzool-e-Isa (Urdu and Bengali;
)Part of a series on Translation Types Theory Technologies Localization Institutional Related topics - Salasil-e-Tayyiba (Bengali;
)Part of a series on Translation Types Theory Technologies Localization Institutional Related topics - Fuyūz-e-Madani (Urdu translation of Ahmed Ali's book Salasil-e-Tayyiba, written in Bengali)[42]
Death and Legacy[edit]
On 11 June 2000, Ahmed Ali died in Mumbai. His dead body was flown to Assam. On 13 June, he was buried on the campus of Darul Uloom Banskandi. His funeral prayer was attended by more than five lakh people.[43][44][45][24][46]
He is survived by his son, Muhammad Yahya, who is the current Amir-e-Shariat of Northeast India.[47][48]
Many great personalities expressed deep shock in their condolence letters for him. As'ad Madani termed his death one of the greatest tragedies of the 20th century. Sonia Gandhi called him a freedom fighter who always tried to maintain peace and social harmony among the different sections of people. Prafulla Kumar Mahanta, the then chief minister of Assam, called him a symbol of peace, love, and social harmony. Santosh Mohan Dev opined that his death was a loss to the whole country.[49][24]
Refrences[edit]
Citations[edit]
- ↑ Banskandi 1996, p. 6.
- ↑ Qasmi 2010, pp. 8–9.
- ↑ Banskandi 1992, p. 1.
- ↑ Assami 2016, p. 19–21.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Banskandi 1992, pp. 1–8, 13.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Ahmed 2000, pp. 6–7, 54–55.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Qasmi 2010, pp. 10–14.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Banskandi 1996, p. 7.
- ↑ Banskandi 1997, p. 7.
- ↑ Banskandi 1992, p. 12–13, 18.
- ↑ Qasmi 2010, pp. 7, 16.
- ↑ Farqaleet, Mohammad Usman; Barni, Bahar, eds. (10 July 1998). "Shaikhul Islam Number (A special issue)". Al-Jam'iyyat Weekly (in اردو) (2nd ed.). Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi: Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind: 16.
- ↑ Al-Wahidi, Farid (1991). "Caliphs". Shaikhul Islam Maulana Hussain Ahmad Madani: Ek Sawanihi O Tareekhi Mutala'a [Shaykh-ul-Islam Maulana Hussain Ahmad Madani: A Biographical and Historical Study] (in اردو). Zakir Nagar, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi: Qaumi Kitab Ghar. p. 828. Search this book on
- ↑ Hanif, N. (2000). Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis: South Asia. Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi: Sarup and Sons. p. 357. ISBN 9788176250870. Search this book on
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Qasmi 2010, pp. 17–21.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Qasmi 2000, pp. 3–4.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Banskandi 1992, pp. 18–21.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Qasmi 2010, pp. 20–23, 39–42.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Raghibi & Mustafi 2000, pp. 41–47, 51.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Islam 2000, p. 9.
- ↑ Raghibi 1994, pp. 4–6.
- ↑ Banskandi 1992, pp. 4–5.
- ↑ Raghibi & Mustafi 2000, pp. 11–17, 51.
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 "চিরনিদ্রায় মৌলানা আহমেদ আলি..." [Maulana Ahmad Ali in eternal sleep...]. Dainik Sonar Cachar (in Bengali). Cachar, Assam. 12 June 2000. p. 1.
- ↑ Ahmed 2000, pp. 15, 38–39.
- ↑ Ali, Sayid Yasin (1998). Khanqah–A brief introduction (in অসমীয়া). Ali Nagar, Sijubari, Guwahati, Assam: Sayid Yasin Ali. pp. 2–5. Search this book on
- ↑ Qasmi 2010, pp. 29–32.
- ↑ Raghibi & Mustafi 2000, p. p27, 54.
- ↑ Banskandi 1998, pp. 21–38.
- ↑ Amini, Noor Alam Khalil, ed. (November–December 2013). "فضيلة الشيخ أحمد علي رحمه الله وجهوده التربوية والإصلاحية بولاية «آسام» الهندية؛ بقلم فريد الدين أحمد" [Sheikh Ahmed Ali and his educational and reform efforts in the Indian state of Assam by Fariduddin Ahmad]. Al-Da'i (in العربية). Deoband: Darul Uloom Deoband. 38 (1–2).
- ↑ Qasmi 2010, pp. 25–32.
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 Qasmi 2010, pp. 23–24, 98–100.
- ↑ "Ahmed Ali Baskandi Award presented". www.sentinelassam.com. The Sentinel. 2 March 2016. Retrieved 6 July 2023.
- ↑ Khosa, Aasha (3 July 2022). "Assam revives awards in the name of historic Muslim personalities". www.awazthevoice.in. Awaz The Voice. Retrieved 6 July 2023.
- ↑ "CM presents Ahmed Ali Baskandi Award". assamtribune.com. The Assam Tribune. 15 September 2010. Retrieved 6 July 2023.
- ↑ Banskandi 1992, p. 26.
- ↑ Qasmi, Muhammadullah Khalili (October 2020). Darul Uloom Deoband Ki Jami' o Mukhtasar Tārīkh [A comprehensive and brief history of Darul Uloom Deoband] (in اردو) (3rd ed.). Deoband: Sheikh Ul Hind Academy, Darul Uloom Deoband. pp. 736–737. Search this book on
- ↑ Raghibi & Mustafi 2000, pp. 65–66.
- ↑ Qasmi 2010, pp. 171–175.
- ↑ Islam 2000, p. 4.
- ↑ Assami 2016, p. 221.
- ↑ Banskandi 1996, p. 5.
- ↑ Qasmi 2010, p. 119.
- ↑ Islam 2000, p. 11.
- ↑ Raghibi & Mustafi 2000, p. 1.
- ↑ Ahmed 2000, p. 92.
- ↑ Qasmi, Tayyib Ahmed (2016). Khanquah (1st ed.). Ahmad Ali Nagar, Hatigaon, Guwahati, Assam: Khanquah Shaikhul Hadith Hazrat Maulana Ahmad Ali. p. 3. Search this book on
- ↑ "Markazul Maarif Mumbai Holds its 18th Convocation". deoband.net. 7 April 2013. Retrieved 6 July 2023.
- ↑ Qasmi 2000, pp. 20–21.
Bibliography[edit]
- Qasmi, Abdul Quadir (January 2010). Sheikh Moulana Ahmed Ali, Jeevan Aru Karma [The Life and Works of Shaikh Maulana Ahmed Ali] (in অসমীয়া). Hojai, Assam: Mufassil Ali. Search this book on
- Assami, Muzammil Ali (January 2016). Qutub-e-Aalam Hazrat Maulana Ahmed Ali Sahab: Hayat Aur Karname [Qutb-e-Aalam Hazrat Maulana Ahmed Ali Sahib: Life and Achievements] (in اردو). Madani Road, Deoband, Saharanpur: Mumtaz Book Depot. Search this book on
- Banskandi, Ahmed Ali (January 1997). Pabitra Haram Trayer Etihas [History of The Three Holy Mosques] (in Bengali) (4th ed.). Hojai, Assam: Jamia Islamia Jalilia. Search this book on
- Banskandi, Ahmed Ali (1992). Salasil-e-Tayyibah (in Bengali). Hojai, Assam: Mufassil Ali. Search this book on
- Banskandi, Ahmed Ali (1996). "Aayena-e-Shakhsiyyat by Muzammil Ali Assami". Fuyudh-e-Madani (in اردو) (2nd ed.). Jamia Jalalia, Hojai, Assam: Mufassil Ali. Search this book on
- Ahmed, Bashir (November 2000). Chirag-e-Madani (in Bengali) (1st ed.). Guwahati, Assam: Md Ahmad Hussain. Search this book on
- Islam, Md Nazrul (2000). Hazrat Sheikh Maulana Ahmed Ali er Smriti patra [Memories of Maulana Ahmed Ali] (in Bengali). Banskandi, Cachar district, Assam: Darul Uloom Baskandi. Search this book on
- Raghibi, Abdul Jalil; Mustafi, A.R., eds. (July–October 2000). "A special issue containing life story of Hazrat Moulana Sheikh Ahmed Ali". Jnyan Sambhar (in অসমীয়া). Hojai, Assam: Markaz Sahitya Parishad. 2–3 (4–1).
- Qasmi, Tayib (2000). Darul Uloom Banskandi (in Bengali). Banskandi, Cachar district, Assam: Darul Uloom Banskandi. Search this book on
- Banskandi, Ahmed Ali (1998). Khatme Nabowater O Kadianiater Gumraihir Akatya Dalil Samooh (in Bengali). Ali Nagar, Sijubari, Guwahati, Assam: Sayid Yasin Ali. Search this book on
- Raghibi, Abdul Jalil (1994). Purba Bharater Oli-e-Kamil [The Holy Man of Eastern India] (in Bengali). Hojai, Assam: Markazul Maarif. Search this book on
Further reading[edit]
- Raghibi, Abdul Jalil (2007). Mashaheer Ulama O Mashayekh e Assam (Shehbaz e Qudus) [Famous Scholars and Mashaykhs of Assam] (in اردو). 1st. Nagaon, Assam: Noori Islamic Foundation. pp. 43–90. Search this book on
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- Salasil-e-Tayyiba (Bengali;
- Zuhur-e-Mahdi O Nuzool-e-Isa (Urdu and Bengali;
- Khatme Nabuwwater O Qadianiater Gumrahir Akatya Dalil Samooh (Bengali;
- Fazail-e-Shaban, Ramadan O Fazail-e-Nafil Roja (Assamese;
- Elme Ma'rifater Bishista Bahantray O Mashaekh Charit (Bengali;
- Jamiat-er Mul Katha (Bengali;
- Pabitra Haram Trayer Itihas (Bengali;
- CS1 اردو-language sources (ur)
- CS1 অসমীয়া-language sources (as)
- CS1 العربية-language sources (ar)
- 1915 births
- 2000 deaths
- Hanafis
- Maturidis
- Deobandis
- Hadith scholars
- Sunni Sufis
- Indian independence activists
- Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam
- Founders of Indian schools and colleges
- Indian Islamic religious leaders
- People from Cachar district
- Darul Uloom Deoband alumni