Ambovent
| Ambovent | |
|---|---|
 Mechanical assembly drawing of entire system | |
| Synonyms | Automatically Controlled Medical Ventilator Device |
| Specialty | Pulmonology |
| Inventor(s) | AmboVent |
| Invention date | Released April 1, 2020 |
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AmboVent (Official name: AmboVent 1690.108) is an open source automatically controlled medical ventilator device, designed by a team of Israeli engineers and medical experts as a response to the worldwide shortages in mechanical ventilation devices caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The AmboVent respirator was engineered for mass-production at low costs, using off-the-shelf components removing the need for complex assembly lines. The device's entire blueprints, mechanical & electrical designes, source-codes and medical/engineering test reports were published on GitHub as open-source hardware and software on the evening of 1 April 2020.
Background[edit]
The AmboVent system was developed as a solution capable of automatically and repeatedly squeeze a Bag valve mask (BVM), sometimes known by the proprietary name "Ambu bag" or generically as a "manual resuscitator" or "self-inflating bag", to generate a simple but effective alternative ventilator, for use in extreme situations. The system can operate with any Ambu (or other manufacturers) BVM, sizes 1100 – 1475 cm3 volume.
The R&D task was initiated by the Israeli Air Force Electronics and Teleprocessing Base (Unit 108) and others such as First Israel Robotics and various experts and mentors who joined the endeavor on voluntary basis. This ad hoc team work, together as an open organization, aiming at providing in ultra-short time, a viable, usable, simple and intuitive to use mechanical ventilator. The device is being developed in open code, on a non-profit basis, to enable free and simple mass productions by anyone, anywhere in the world.
Joint Partners in this project include MDA Israel, Ichilov Medical Center Tel Aviv, The Israeli Airforce, MASHA 7000 and other Israeli experts and mentors coming from various disciplines to collectively advance the project on voluntary basis.
Specifications[edit]
- Manual selection of tidal volume by choosing percentage of squeeze from full volume of bag (100%) ranging from 30% to 100% of full squeeze capacity. For example, choosing 60% on the dial means the device pushes out every cycle 60% of the full volume capacity of the BVM bag.
- Enable selection of 9 different respiratory rates from 6-24 cycles per minute, increasing by steps of 2.
- Compatible with Ambu and other commonly used self-inflating BVM bags, ranging between 1,100 and 1,475 cc.
- Maximum inhalation pressure setting ranging between 30 and 70 cmH2O, increasing by steps of 10.
- Predetermined I:E time ratio of 1:2. Can be changed in the program.
- Compliance with standard Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) valves.
- In events of resistance during inhalation (abnormal rise in air pressure) the bag squeezing process stops and regains inhalation in the following cycle.
- Insulation of electrical and electronic parts to prevent the chance of sparking (in pure oxygen-rich ventilation environment).
- The ventilation bellows and piping connected to it are not part of the product and need to be provided by the medical center.
Functionality[edit]
- Compliance with the use, connection, parts and integration of ventilation piping available in medical facilities.
- Compact and lightweight. Can be positioned with flexibility around the patient's bed, up to 1.5 meters away, with no fear of increasing the dead space.
- Standard 110-220V power line feed.
- Two hours of continuous operation on backup batteries in case of external power supply failure.
- Can be connected to hospital's clean air supply.
Bill of Materials[edit]
| Type | Quantity | Name | Part Number | Supplier | Estimated Cost | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Motor | 1 | Snow Blower Motor | AM-2235A | andymark.com | $34 | |
| Dorman Window Lift Motor | 742-600 | autozone.com | $53.99 | |||
| Driver | 1 | Victor SPX | 217-9191 | vexrobotics.com | $50 | |
| Spark Motor Controller | REV-11-1200 | revrobotics.com | $40 | |||
| Microcontroller | 1 | Arduino Nano | A000005 | arduino.cc | $20.70 | |
| Screen | 1 | LCD module for Arduino | 1602A | amazon.com | $5 | |
| Pressure sensor | 1 | Pressure Sensor Breakout | MS5803-14BA | sparkfun.com | $59.95 | |
| Potentiometer (controls) | 3 | only 1..10 kΩ where tested | ||||
| Potentiometer (feedback) | 1 | 1..10 kΩ | high quality ! Low friction ! only 1..10 kΩ where tested | |||
| Resistor (for LEDs) | 4 | 100Ω | ||||
| Resistor | 2 | 4.7 KΩ | ||||
| Capacitor | 2 | 1000mF 25V | ||||
| Power supply | 1 | 12-14.5V 10..20Amp | ||||
| Rectifier AC DC converter | 1 | input 220V output 12V ~ 14.5V | ||||
| UPS module | 1 | connected to the AC converter and to the emergency battery | ||||
| LED | 1 | green is recommended | ||||
| RGB LED | 1 | |||||
| on\off switch | 2 | 220 AC input output | ||||
| Fuse | 1 | 1A AC | ||||
| Fuse Holder | 1 | AC fuse holder | ||||
| Power socket | 1 | AC Power socket 3 pin |
Production Materials and Capabilities[edit]
- Aluminium
- Nylon 6 (aka Akulon Nylon)
- Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) 3D Printing (aka Fused Deposition Modeling - FDM)
- CNC, Punch press, Bending (metalworking)
- Printing on Polycarbonate (aka Lexan Polycarbonate)
- Metallic painting
Documentation[edit]
The entire blueprints of the project are available as open source on GitHub and include:
- Mechanical Model of machine the components (in Parasolid .X_T format) in ANSI-metric standard
- Mechanical model of the pressure Sensor (in Parasolid .X_T format)
- Electronics of the respirator control (in PDF format)
- Source code for the Arduino board (in C++)
- Medical test reports (in Hebrew)
- Documentation and videos
Validation and Medical Testing[edit]
- Compliant with UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency's Rapidly Manufactured Ventilator System (RMVS)[1] specifications
- Clinical tests conducted at Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center
- Mechanical viability tests by Flex Labs
- Medical calibrations by Rambam Hospital
Developers[edit]
A team of more than 40 engineers and medical experts from:
- The Israeli chapter of the FIRST Robotics Competition
- Microsoft Israel R&D Center Garage Program
- Physicians from Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Israel
- Physicians from Hadassah Medical Center, Israel
- Magen David Adom (MDA) - Israel's national emergency medical service
- The Electronics Development Unit (Unit 108) of the [Israeli Air Force]
External links[edit]
- Entire project mechanical model & source code on GitHub
- "Israeli innovation to produce hundreds of automatic respirators a day", The Jerusalem Post, 27 March 2020
References[edit]
- ↑ "Rapidly Manufactured Ventilator System (RMVS)" (PDF). www.gov.uk. Government of the United Kingdom. 20 March 2020. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
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