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Crunchyroll, LLC

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki





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Crunchyroll, LLC
Logo since 2022
Formerly
FUNimation Productions (1994–2005, 2011–2020)
FUNimation Entertainment (2005–2011)
Funimation Global Group (2020–2022)
Limited liability company
ISIN🆔
IndustryEntertainment
Founded 📆May 9, 1994; 30 years ago (1994-05-09), in Silicon Valley, California, U.S.[1]
Founder 👔Gen Fukunaga
Cindy Fukunaga
Headquarters 🏙️,
Coppell, Texas
,
U.S.
Area served 🗺️
Key people
Rahul Purini (CEO)
Asa Suehira (CCO)
Members
Number of employees
400[2]
Parent
DivisionsCrunchyroll EMEA
Crunchyroll Films[3]
Crunchyroll Games
Crunchyroll Studios[4][5]
Crunchyroll UK and Ireland
Subsidiaries
🌐 Website[Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 665: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). ] 
📇 Address
📞 telephone

Crunchyroll, LLC,[6] doing business as Crunchyroll,[lower-alpha 1] is an American entertainment company that specializes in the dubbing and translation of East Asian media, including Japanese anime. The company, then known as Funimation Productions,[lower-alpha 2] was founded on May 9, 1994, by Gen Fukunaga and his wife Cindy in Silicon Valley, with funding by Daniel Cocanougher and his family, who became investors in the company, which then relocated to North Richland Hills and later Flower Mound, Texas.[7]

Funimation was acquired by Navarre Corporation on May 11, 2005; in April 2011, Navarre sold Funimation to a group of investors that included Fukunaga for $24 million.[8] From 2017 to 2019, the Japanese conglomerate Sony owned a 95% stake in the company through its Sony Pictures Entertainment division (via Sony Pictures Television), and since 2019, Sony has run the company through a joint venture between two of its units: Sony Pictures Entertainment (via Sony Pictures Television) and Sony Music Entertainment Japan (via Aniplex).[9][10][11] The company's headquarters were located in Coppell, Texas.[12] The company was rebranded to Crunchyroll, LLC in March 2022 after acquiring the streaming service of the same name in August 2021.[13]

History[edit]

Main article: History of anime in the United States

Early history[edit]

The original FUNimation logo used from 1994 to 2005.

In the early 1990s, Japanese-born businessman Gen Fukunaga was approached by his uncle, Nagafumi Hori, who was working as a producer for Toei Company. Hori proposed that if Fukunaga could start a production company and raise enough money, Toei Animation would license the rights to the Dragon Ball franchise to the United States. Fukunaga met with co-worker Daniel Cocanougher, whose family owned a feed mill in Decatur, Texas, and convinced Cocanougher's family to sell their business and serve as an investor for his company.[14][15][16]

The company was founded on May 9, 1994, as FUNimation Productions.[1][17] The company was originally based in Silicon Valley, but eventually relocated to North Richland Hills, Texas.[16][18] They initially collaborated with other companies on Dragon Ball, such as BLT Productions, Ocean Studios, Pioneer and Saban Entertainment.[19][20] After two aborted attempts to bring the Dragon Ball franchise to television via first-run syndication, Cartoon Network began airing Dragon Ball Z as part of its Toonami programming block in 1998, which quickly became the highest-rated show on the block and garnered a large following.[21][22][23] The success of Dragon Ball Z is credited for allowing Funimation to acquire other licensed titles.[23][24][25][26]

Beginning in September 2003, Funimation signed a North American home video deal with Canada-based Nelvana.[27] Such titles released included Redwall, Pecola, Tales from the Cryptkeeper, Timothy Goes to School and the Disney Channel TV special The Santa Claus Brothers.[28]

Acquisition by Navarre Corporation[edit]

Funimation logo from May 11, 2005, to January 7, 2016. The colored version of the logo was used until April 2011.

On May 11, 2005, Funimation was acquired by Navarre Corporation for US$100.4 million in cash and 1.8 million shares of Navarre stock. As part of the acquisition, Gen Fukunaga was retained as head of the company, transitioning to the position of CEO, and the company's name was changed from FUNimation Productions to FUNimation Entertainment.[29][30] In 2007, Funimation moved from North Richland Hills, Texas to Flower Mound.[31] Funimation moved into the Lakeside Business District with a ten-year lease.[32]

According to an interview in February 2008 with Navarre Corporation CEO Cary Deacon, Funimation was in early stage negotiations to acquire some of the titles licensed through Geneon's USA division, which ceased operations in December 2007.[33] In July 2008, Funimation confirmed that they had acquired distribution rights to several Geneon titles, including some that Geneon had left unfinished when they withdrew from the U.S. market.[34] At Anime Expo 2008, Funimation announced that it had acquired over 30 titles from the Sojitz catalog that had previously been licensed by ADV Films.[35] In 2009, Funimation signed a deal with Toei Animation to stream several of its anime titles online through the Funimation website.[36]

Second stint as an independent company[edit]

Logo from 2016 to 2022 (still used for the Funimation streaming service)

On May 27, 2010, Navarre Corporation announced that it began negotiating a potential sale of Funimation. It was also announced that if the sale took place, Funimation would be reclassified as a "discounted operation" starting in the first quarter of 2011.[37] On September 16, 2010, Navarre announced that six potential buyers were interested in acquiring Funimation.[38] In the first quarter of 2011, Navarre reclassified Funimation as "discounted operations".[39] On April 4, 2011, Navarre released a statement announcing that Funimation had been sold to a group of investors that included original owner Gen Fukunaga for $24 million.[40] It was also announced that Navarre would remain as exclusive distributor of Funimation's titles.[40]

On October 14, 2011, Funimation announced a partnership with Niconico, the English language version of Nico Nico Douga, to form the Funico brand for the licensing of anime for streaming and home video release. From this point on, virtually all titles simulcasted by Niconico were acquired by Funimation.[41] In 2014, Funimation released Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods to theaters in partnership with Screenvision.[42] Based on its success, Funimation launched its own theatrical division in December 2014.[3] On June 22, 2015, Funimation and Universal Pictures Home Entertainment announced a multi-year home video distribution deal. The deal allowed UPHE to manage distribution and sales of Funimation's catalog of titles.[43] Universal began distributing Funimation's titles in October of that year.[44]

The FunimationNow logo used from 2016 to 2019.

In January 2016, Funimation introduced a new logo and announced the rebranding of their streaming platform as "FunimationNow".[45][46] In April 2016, they launched their service in the UK and Ireland.[47] On September 8, 2016, Funimation announced a partnership with Crunchyroll. Select Funimation titles would be streamed subtitled on Crunchyroll, while select Crunchyroll titles would be streamed on FunimationNow, including upcoming dubbed content. In addition, Funimation would act as the distributor for Crunchyroll's home video catalog.[48]

Acquisition by Sony Pictures Television[edit]

In May 2017, it was reported that Universal Studios and Sony Pictures Television were interested in purchasing Funimation; however, Universal decided not to proceed with the bidding.[49] On July 31, 2017, Sony Pictures Television announced that it would buy a controlling 95% stake in Funimation for $143 million, a deal that was approved by the United States Department of Justice on August 22, 2017.[50] This deal allowed Funimation to have synergies with Sony's Animax and Kids Station divisions and "direct access to the creative pipeline".[51] The deal was closed on October 27, 2017.[52]

On August 7, 2018, AT&T fully acquired Otter Media, owner of Crunchyroll.[53] On October 18, 2018, Funimation and Crunchyroll announced that their partnership with would end on November 9, 2018, as a result of Sony Pictures Television's acquisition of Funimation.[54] Despite the home video releases being unaffected and still going on as planned, select Funimation content would be removed from Crunchyroll, and subtitled content would return to FunimationNow. Additionally, it was also announced that Funimation would be removed from Otter Media-owned streaming service VRV entirely, being replaced by HIDIVE.[54] In December 2018, it was reported that another reason the partnership ended was due to a dispute concerning international expansion.[55] On December 4, 2018, Funimation inked an exclusive multi-year first-look SVOD deal with Hulu.[56]

On February 1, 2019, Gen Fukunaga announced that he would be stepping down as general manager, and transitioning to chairman of the company,[57] with Colin Decker assuming the role of general manager in May 2019.[58] On March 23, 2019, at AnimeJapan 2019, Funimation announced that they had partnered with Chinese streaming service Bilibili to jointly license anime titles for both the U.S. and Chinese markets.[59] On May 29, 2019, Funimation announced that they had acquired Manga Entertainment's UK branch, and immediately consolidated the former's UK business into the latter's.[60]

Aniplex/SPT joint venture; Rebranding as Crunchyroll, LLC[edit]

On September 24, 2019, Sony Pictures Television and Aniplex announced that they were consolidating their international anime streaming businesses under a new joint venture, Funimation Global Group, LLC., with Funimation general manager Colin Decker leading the joint venture. The joint venture would operate under Funimation's branding, and allow Funimation to acquire and distribute titles with Aniplex subsidiaries Wakanim, Madman Anime Group and AnimeLab. The first title under the joint venture, Fate/Grand Order - Absolute Demonic Front: Babylonia, would receive a 30-day exclusivity on FunimationNow, AnimeLab and Wakanim, and provide Funimation exclusive rights to the English dub for one year.[11]

On May 1, 2020, Funimation announced that they formed a partnership with Kodansha Comics to host a series of weekly watch parties.[61] On May 4, Funimation announced that they had struck a deal with NIS America to stream select titles on FunimationNow.[62] Funimation would also announce that same day that they would hold a virtual anime convention called "FunimationCon" on July 3–4, 2020. It was one of several virtual events taking the place of that year's Anime Expo, which announced its cancellation on April 17.[63] On July 3, 2020, Funimation announced at FunimationCon that they would expand their streaming service to Latin America, starting with Mexico and Brazil in Q4 2020, with one of the first dubbed titles released being Tokyo Ghoul:re.[64][65] Funimation later revealed that they would launch their Latin American services in December 2020.[66] However, they launched their service early on November 18, 2020.[67] On September 9, 2020, Funimation announced that they had reached a distribution partnership with Viz Media, with Viz Media titles being made available to stream on Funimation's website.[68] On December 9, 2020, Sony Pictures Entertainment announced that it would acquire Crunchyroll from WarnerMedia (now Warner Bros. Discovery) for a total of US$1.175 billion in cash, placing the company under Funimation once the acquisition was finalized.[69] However, on March 24, 2021, it was reported that the United States Department of Justice had extended its antitrust review of the acquisition.[70] The acquisition of Crunchyroll was completed on August 9, 2021, with Sony stating in their press release that they would create a unified anime subscription using their anime businesses as soon as possible.[71] Crunchyroll confirmed four days later that VRV was included in the acquisition.[72]

On April 12, 2021, it was announced that subsidiary Manga Entertainment would officially be rebranding as Funimation UK in the UK and Ireland, starting on April 19, 2021.[73] On June 10, 2021, it was announced AnimeLab would begin the process of rebranding and transitioning its services to Funimation in Australia and New Zealand, on June 17, 2021.[74]

On January 25, 2022, Crunchyroll announced that they were going to release Jujutsu Kaisen 0 in theaters on March 18, 2022, in the United States and Canada. The film launched in over 1,500 theaters, as well as some IMAX theatres, in both sub and dub. They also stated that the feature would be coming soon to theaters in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, France, Germany, and Latin America among other countries. This is the first Crunchyroll film to be distributed in association with Funimation Films.[75] On March 1, 2022, it was announced that the Funimation, Wakanim and VRV SVOD services would be consolidated into Crunchyroll. Additionally, Funimation Global Group, LLC would be renamed to Crunchyroll, LLC, with the Funimation brand being phased out in favor of Crunchyroll.[76][6] Following the Russian military invasion of Ukraine, Crunchyroll announced on March 11 that it would halt services in Russia, thus shutting down operations of Wakanim and Crunchyroll EMEA entirely, in line with global sanctions.[77] On April 5, 2022, the company announced that Funimation's YouTube channel was rebranded as Crunchyroll Dubs and that it would serve as Crunchyroll's channel for English-dubbed content while English-subtitled content would still be uploaded on their Crunchyroll Collection channel.[78] The company also stated that they would release an English-dubbed first episode of an anime series every Saturday at 3:00pm ET on the channel, starting with Re:Zero − Starting Life in Another World on April 9, 2022. Three days later, another announcement was made in that the Funimation Shop would be moved to the Crunchyroll Store.[79] On April 19, 2022, CEO Colin Decker stepped down from his position. He was replaced by then-COO Rahul Purini.[80] On August 4, 2022, the company purchased Right Stuf.[81]

Distribution[edit]

In July 2008, Funimation and Red Planet Media announced the launch of a mobile video on demand service for AT&T Mobility and Sprint mobile phone subscribers. Three titles were part of the launch, Gunslinger Girl, Tsukuyomi: Moon Phase, and The Galaxy Railways, with entire seasons of each made available.[82]

Until 2016, Funimation did not directly release its properties in non-North American (English language speaking) markets, and instead sub-licensed its properties to other companies such as the UK branch of Manga Entertainment and Anime Limited in the United Kingdom.[83] Funimation has also attempted to distribute Dragon Ball Z to Spanish speaking audiences, and has released a number of Spanish-language DVDs of the series.[citation needed]

In 2016, Funimation began directly releasing some of its titles in the United Kingdom and Ireland with Funimation branding, with Funimation handling licensing and localization, and Anime Limited handling distribution and classification.[84] Funimation later distributed My Hero Academia in the region through Universal Pictures UK in 2017,[85] and later through Sony Pictures UK, along with other select titles, in 2018.[86] Funimation later began sub-licensing titles to Manga Entertainment's UK branch in late 2018, before acquiring the company on May 29, 2019, and releasing titles directly.[60] On September 24, 2019, Sony Pictures Television and Aniplex consolidated their international anime streaming businesses, with Funimation becoming the leading company for the group.[11]

Funimation also began directly distributing its titles in Australia and New Zealand in 2017. Similar to the UK and Ireland, select titles were released through Universal Sony Pictures Home Entertainment from 2017 to 2018. From September 2018, Funimation transferred distribution to Madman Anime, with the company handling distribution and classification within the region.[87][88] Madman Anime was later consolidated into Funimation in 2019.[11]

Lawsuits[edit]

Anti-piracy[edit]

In 2005, Funimation's legal department began to pursue a more aggressive approach toward protecting the company's licensed properties. They started sending "cease and desist" (C&D) letters to sites offering links to fansubs of their titles. This move was similar to that taken by the now-defunct ADV Films several years before with several major torrent sites.[89]

Funimation's legal department served C&D letters for series that had not yet been advertised or announced as licensed, including Tsubasa: Reservoir Chronicle, Black Cat, and SoltyRei, with a few known series also mentioned in the letter.[90] Funimation revealed more licenses on October 6, 2006, when it sent letters to torrent sites demanding that distribution of xxxHolic's TV series, Mushishi, Ragnarok the Animation, and other series cease.[91]

Since October 2009, Funimation has routinely filed DMCA takedown notices to get unauthorized distributions of its and its partners' properties removed from Google search results.[lower-alpha 3]

In January 2011, Funimation filed a lawsuit against BitTorrent users in the U.S. for allegedly downloading and uploading One Piece.[92] Funimation dropped the suit in March after a Northern Texas judge, having already indicated that the court would appoint attorneys for the defendants,[93] ruled that the defendants were not "acting in concert" and thus could not be sued as a group; each would have to be sued separately.[94]

The One Piece film at issue was a fansub, an unauthorized copy distributed with fan-produced, translated subtitles. Soon after the lawsuit was abandoned, Funimation was reported to have long been deriving dubs from fansubs.[95] Nevertheless, Funimation continues to hold their stance that fansubbing is harmful to the anime industry, stating "The practices of illegal downloads and 'fansubbing' are very harmful to our Japanese partners and [...] we have been asked to monitor and take action against unauthorized distribution of these titles. Because we believe that this will benefit the industry, we have agreed to do so."[96] Sites which distribute fansubs or separate fan-created subtitles remain a frequent target of civil actions by Funimation and other anime companies, as well as criminal prosecution in at least one case.[97]

Two months after failing to sue BitTorrent users in the North Texas district, Funimation engaged in forum shopping and proceeded to sue 1,427 defendants in the neighboring East Texas district for acting "in concert" to infringe copyright on The Legend Is Born: Ip Man. This case was allowed to proceed. However, the court dismissed the case against all remaining defendants with prejudice, on October 17, 2013.[98]

Disputes with partners[edit]

In November 2011, Funimation sued A.D. Vision, AEsir Holdings, Section23 Films, Valkyrie Media Partners, Seraphim Studios, Sentai Filmworks and its CEO, John Ledford and Switchblade Pictures for a sum of $8 million, citing "breach of contracts" and other issues. Funimation said that ADV's transfer of assets were made with "the intent to defer, hinder or defraud the creditors of ADV [Films]." Funimation sought ADV's sale of assets as void.[99] The lawsuit was settled in mediation in 2014. The terms of the settlement were not disclosed.[100]

Vic Mignogna lawsuit[edit]

Main article: Vic Mignogna § Legal issues

In early 2019, allegations of sexual misconduct against voice actor Vic Mignogna were brought forward on Twitter. Funimation conducted an internal investigation of the matter and announced on February 11, 2019, that they had ended their relations with Mignogna.[101] On April 19, 2019, Mignogna filed a civil suit against Funimation and voice actors Jamie Marchi, Monica Rial, and Rial's fiancé, Ron Toye. Mignogna and his attorney were seeking a monetary relief of over $1 million.[102] On June 12, 2019, Funimation filed a response denying Mignogna's allegations.[103] On July 1, 2019, Funimation filed an anti-SLAPP motion for Mignogna to dismiss his lawsuit.[104] Rial, Marchi, and Toye then filed their anti-SLAPP motions on July 19, 2019.[105] A hearing to consider the defendants's anti-SLAPP motions took place on September 6, 2019;[106] presiding Tarrant County judge John P. Chupp dismissed the civil suit against Marchi.[107] On October 4, 2019, the civil suit against Funimation, Rial, and Toye was dismissed.[108]

On October 24, 2019, Mignogna filed an appeal against the dismissal.[109] On October 30, 2019, Rial, Toye, Marchi, and Funimation filed a motion to have Mignogna's appeal dismissed, which was subsequently denied.[109][110] On November 5, 2019, Funimation filed a motion to recover attorney's fees, costs, and sanctions related to the lawsuit.[111] On November 27, 2019, Tarrant County judge John P. Chupp ruled that Mignogna had to pay a total of $238,042.42 in attorney's fees and sanctions to Rial, Toye, Marchi, and Funimation.[112]

Kojicast lawsuit[edit]

On April 24, 2019, Kojicast filed a lawsuit against Funimation claiming that the company's FunimationNow streaming service was an infringement on Kojicast's patent.[113]

Shop lawsuit[edit]

On January 13, 2021, Jenisa Angeles filed a class-action lawsuit against Funimation, claiming that their online store failed to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act.[114] The suit was settled out of court. The terms of the settlement were not disclosed.[115]

See also[edit]


Other articles of the topic United States : Public figure, MTV, Zoot (Software), The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron, Boy Genius, Hazbin Hotel

Other articles of the topic Texas : University of Texas–Pan American

Competitors[edit]

General[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ↑ previously Funimation Global Group
  2. ↑ stylized as FUNimation Productions
  3. ↑ As of October 2012, the Chilling Effects search engine is broken, but Google search results for site:lumendatabase.org funimation reveal the DMCA notices received and processed so far.

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "20 Years of the Best in Anime". Funimation. Archived from the original on May 19, 2014. Retrieved May 21, 2014. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  2. ↑ "Careers". Funimation. Archived from the original on January 30, 2022. Retrieved January 29, 2022. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "About Us: Funimation Films". Funimation Films. Archived from the original on January 24, 2016. Retrieved August 20, 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  4. ↑ Roettgers, Janko (August 22, 2018). "AT&T's Ellation Launches Studios in Burbank and Tokyo to Produce Crunchyroll Originals". variety.com. Archived from the original on June 5, 2020. Retrieved March 27, 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  5. ↑ "Marge Dean Brings Anime and Inclusion Together at Crunchyroll Studios". Animation World Network. Archived from the original on December 4, 2019. Retrieved March 27, 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Anime Fans Win as Funimation Global Group Content Moves to Crunchyroll Starting Today". Crunchyroll. Sony Pictures. March 1, 2022. Archived from the original on April 15, 2022. Retrieved March 1, 2022. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  7. ↑ David, Eric (September 9, 2016). "How Funimation Made DFW an Anime Production Hub". Dallas Innovates. Retrieved August 10, 2021.
  8. ↑ Warren, Emily (April 8, 2011). "Navarre Sells Anime Studio FUNimation". Asia Pacific Arts. Archived from the original on April 13, 2014. Retrieved April 17, 2011. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  9. ↑ Ressler, Karen (July 31, 2017). "Sony Pictures TV to Acquire Majority Stake in Funimation". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on August 1, 2017. Retrieved August 1, 2017. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  10. ↑ "SONY PICTURES TELEVISION NETWORKS TO ACQUIRE SUBSTANTIAL MAJORITY STAKE IN FUNIMATION". Sony Pictures. July 31, 2017. Archived from the original on July 13, 2020. Retrieved August 20, 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Spangler, Todd (September 24, 2019). "Sony Merges Anime Streaming Businesses Under Funimation-Led Joint Venture (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Retrieved September 24, 2019. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Consolidation" defined multiple times with different content
  12. ↑ Brown, Steve (November 5, 2020). "Sony-owned Funimation is latest to make move to Cypress Waters mega-development". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
  13. ↑ Mateo, Alex (August 9, 2021). "Sony's Funimation Global Group Completes Acquisition of Crunchyroll from AT&T". Anime News Network. Retrieved August 9, 2021.
  14. ↑ Green, Scott (November 11, 2017). "Funimation Initial Investor Allen Cocanougher Passes Away". Crunchyroll. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
  15. ↑ Rogers, Bruce (January 14, 2019). "The Man Who Brought Anime To America: Sony Pictures Television's Funimation CEO Gen Fukunaga". Forbes. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Jones, Terry Lee (August 9, 1995). "Japanese cartoon requires PC touch for U.S. viewers". Ft. Worth Star Telegram. Archived from the original on May 18, 2006. Retrieved December 9, 2019.
  17. ↑ "Interview with Gen Fukunaga, Part 1". ICv2. November 1, 2004. Archived from the original on June 8, 2019. Retrieved August 20, 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  18. ↑ "Animerica October 1995 – Sailor Moon Dragon Ball TV Edit News & scans". Practice Makes Awesome. May 13, 2012. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Retrieved August 13, 2012. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  19. ↑ "Pioneer announces last Dragonball Z release". Anime News Network. November 14, 1998. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  20. ↑ Fowler, Jimmy (January 20, 2000). "International incident". Dallas Observer. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  21. ↑ Alverson, Brigid (September 18, 2016). "20 Years Ago, Dragon Ball Z Came to America to Stay". CBR.com. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  22. ↑ Watson, Elijah (March 21, 2017). "The Oral History of Cartoon Network's Toonami". Complex. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Abril, Danielle. "How Gen Fukunaga Turned an Interest Into a $100M Venture". D Magazine. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
  24. ↑ "New Anime Series Acquired". Anime News Network. January 11, 2001. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  25. ↑ "Funimation News". Anime News Network. January 31, 2001. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  26. ↑ "Lupin Licenced by Funimation". Anime News Network. August 19, 2001. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  27. ↑ Macdonald, Christopher (September 26, 2003). "Nelvana & FUNimation teamup". Anime News Network. Retrieved December 28, 2021.
  28. ↑ Ball, Ryan (September 25, 2003). "Nelvana Home Entertainment Launched". Animation Magazine. Archived from the original on October 6, 2018. Retrieved August 20, 2020.
  29. ↑ "Navarre Corporation Acquires Funimation, and Provides Financial Update and Guidance". Navarre Corporation (Press release). May 11, 2005. Archived from the original on July 10, 2012. Retrieved July 8, 2006. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  30. ↑ "Navarre Completes Funimation Acquisition". ICv2 (Press release). May 12, 2005. Archived from the original on August 23, 2018. Retrieved August 20, 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  31. ↑ "Funimation Gets New HQ". ICv2. June 10, 2007. Retrieved August 20, 2020.
  32. ↑ Estridge, Holli L. (June 8, 2007). "FUNimation Entertainment scripts HQ move" (PDF). Dallas Business Journal. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 19, 2009. Retrieved June 20, 2008. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  33. ↑ "Navarre/FUNimation Interested in Some Geneon Titles". ICv2. February 8, 2008. Archived from the original on June 4, 2013. Retrieved August 20, 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  34. ↑ "FUNimation Entertainment and Geneon Entertainment Sign Exclusive Distribution Agreement for North America". Funimation (Press release). July 3, 2008. Archived from the original on July 7, 2008. Retrieved July 3, 2008. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  35. ↑ Loo, Egan (July 4, 2008). "Funimation Picks Up Over 30 Former AD Vision Titles". Anime News Network (Press release). Archived from the original on October 6, 2009. Retrieved July 4, 2008. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  36. ↑ Loo, Egan (April 3, 2009). "Funimation Adds Toei's Air Master, Captain Harlock". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on June 20, 2012. Retrieved August 13, 2012. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  37. ↑ Loo, Egan (May 27, 2010). "Navarre Evaluates Sale of Funimation in Current Quarter". Anime News Network. Retrieved October 7, 2019.
  38. ↑ Browning, Jacob (September 16, 2010). "Navarre Has 6 Interested Buyers for Funimation". Anime News Network. Retrieved October 7, 2019.
  39. ↑ "navarre corporation". SEC.gov. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 "Navarre Corporation Announces Sale of FUNimation Entertainment". NBC News. Globe Newswire. April 4, 2011. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
  41. ↑ Loo, Egan (October 14, 2011). "Funimation, Niconico to Jointly License Anime". Anime News Network. Retrieved October 7, 2019.
  42. ↑ "Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on December 27, 2018. Retrieved January 5, 2019. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  43. ↑ "Funimation and Universal Pictures Home Entertainment Enter Into Multi-Year Distribution Agreement". PR Newswire. June 22, 2015. Archived from the original on June 23, 2015. Retrieved June 22, 2015. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  44. ↑ Beveridge, Chris (July 17, 2015). "FUNimation Reveals (First?) October 2015 Anime Releases". The Fandom Post. Archived from the original on October 9, 2015. Retrieved December 30, 2016. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  45. ↑ "Introducting The Face Of Funimation!". Funimation. January 7, 2016. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved March 6, 2022.
  46. ↑ "Introducing Funimation's New Streaming Experience - FunimationNow". Funimation. January 7, 2016. Archived from the original on January 2, 2022. Retrieved March 6, 2022.
  47. ↑ "Funimation Now Launches in the U.K. and Ireland". Anime News Network. April 7, 2016. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
  48. ↑ Hodgkins, Crystalyn (September 8, 2016). "Crunchyroll, Funimation Announce Partnership to Share Content Via Streaming, Home Video, Est". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on September 19, 2016. Retrieved September 9, 2016. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  49. ↑ Sakoui, Anousha (May 4, 2017). "Universal and Sony Are Eyeing 'Dragon Ball' Importer Funimation". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on August 5, 2017. Retrieved August 4, 2017. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  50. ↑ Eggerton, John (August 22, 2017). "Feds OK Sony Purchase of Funimation". Multichannel. Archived from the original on August 9, 2020. Retrieved August 20, 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  51. ↑ Petski, Denise (July 31, 2017). "Sony Pictures TV Networks To Acquire Majority Stake in Funimation". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on August 2, 2017. Retrieved August 1, 2017. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
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