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Cultural impact of Beyoncé

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki

Beyoncé performing during The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour in 2013

American singer Beyoncé has been regarded as one of the most significant cultural figures of her time because of her music, image, and lifestyle.[1][2] Critics have credited her popularity, success, and contributions for influencing generations of other artists and women in general.[3] Beyoncé has been credited with inventing or popularizing various innovations in music, such as staccato rap-singing, surprise albums, and visual albums. Her impact also extends beyond the music industry to fashion, business, technology, and politics. Beyoncé's career and work have been the subject of study at colleges and universities internationally, and Beyoncé-related artifacts have been acquired by several museums.

Time named Beyoncé one of the 100 women who defined the last century in 2020.[4] Beyoncé was also included on Encyclopædia Britannica's 100 Women list in 2019, for her contributions to the entertainment industry.[5]

Music[edit]

Beyoncé is the most important and compelling popular musician of the twenty-first century. It's not just that she's a dazzling, gale-force performer. She's got the finest set of ears, and the sharpest musical mind, of anyone in her pop generation... Beyoncé feels like the result, the logical end point, of a century-plus of pop.

—Jody Rosen, The New Yorker[6]

Naming Beyoncé the defining pop star of the decade (the 2010s), Entertainment Weekly's Alex Suskind noted that "no one dominated music in the 2010s like Queen Bey" and explained how her "songs, album rollouts, stage presence, social justice initiatives, and disruptive public relations strategy have influenced the way we've viewed music since 2010."[7] Stephanie Li wrote in Black Camera that Beyoncé's continued impact can be attributed to how she reinvents herself "again and again through record-setting albums, transformative songs and videos, and visionary marketing strategies. Her songs are not just global hits. They are rife with slogans that simultaneously direct and reflect contemporary culture."[8]

Rap-singing[edit]

Beyoncé is credited with the invention of the staccato rap-singing style. Lakin Starling of The Fader wrote that Beyoncé's innovative implementation of the delivery style on Destiny's Child's 1999 album The Writing's on the Wall invented a new form of R&B.[9] The new style changed the nature of music and revolutionized singing in urban music, becoming the dominant sound of R&B.[10] This also encouraged singing and rap to collide in new ways that redefined the sound of pop radio.[11]

The staccato rap-singing style has continued to affect the music industry to date. Aaron Williams of Uproxx described Beyoncé as the "primary pioneer" of the rapping style that dominates the music industry today, with many contemporary rappers implementing Beyoncé's rap-singing.[12] Michael Eric Dyson agrees, saying that Beyoncé "changed the whole genre" and has become the "godmother" of mumble rappers, who use the staccato rap-singing cadence. Dyson added: "She doesn't get credit for the remarkable way in which she changed the musical vocabulary of contemporary art."[13]

Music videos and visual albums[edit]

Beyoncé "is almost singlehandedly keeping the art of the music video alive", according to Daniel Kreps of Rolling Stone.[14] Kaitlin Menza of Marie Claire wrote that Beyoncé has revived music videos as an art form.[15] Writing for Billboard, Andrew Unterberger explained how Beyoncé had been at the music video's forefront since 2003 and arguably since Destiny's Child, and had restored relevance to the art form in the early 2010s. Unterberger wrote that she has since "evolved into unquestionably the brightest star of video" during the 2010s, creating the "exhilarating, artful and immaculate" Beyoncé and Lemonade visual albums "that became blockbuster releases equivalent to nearly any feature film released in either year".[16]

A wax figure of Beyoncé wearing the "Single Ladies" leotard at Madame Tussauds London

In an article on the history of music videos for Crack Magazine, Simran Hans wrote that Beyoncé was an "early instigator" of the trend of implementing a dance craze into a music video with "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)". Hans added that the video also set the precedent for "the music video as meme genre", later adopted for songs such as Psy's "Gangnam Style", Miley Cyrus' "Wrecking Ball", and Drake's "Hotline Bling".[17]

Beyoncé is credited with the trend of creating visual albums.[18] Joe Coscarelli of The New York Times described how popular musicians are following the blueprint that Beyoncé made with Lemonade and are creating "high-concept mini-movies that can add artistic heft to projects", citing Frank Ocean's Endless and Drake's Please Forgive Me as examples.[19] Chris Deville of Stereogum similarly wrote that artists are releasing albums with complementary film projects, such as Lonely Island's The Unauthorized Bash Brothers Experience, Thom Yorke's Anima, Sturgill Simpson's Sound & Fury, and Kid Cudi's Entergalactic.[18]

Sonia Rao of The Washington Post credited Beyoncé with initiating the trend of using music videos to explore racial and sexual identity, citing Frank Ocean, Janelle Monáe and Donald Glover as examples of artists who followed the precedent that Beyoncé set.[20]

Surprise albums and unconventional releases[edit]

Beyoncé is widely credited with the invention of the surprise album, where artists release an album without prior warning, which has since been termed "pulling a Beyoncé".[21][22] In an article for Teen Vogue, Philip Henry explained how Beyoncé's 2013 eponymous album and its rollout "raised the bar for what we consumers expect", describing it as "one of the most important moments in music".[23] Many other artists imitated her approach by releasing surprise albums, such as Drake and Taylor Swift, with MTV's Hilary Hughes writing in 2021 that "seven years after Beyoncé's arrival, its ripple effect across the industry is undeniable".[24] The Guardian's Peter Robinson explained how Beyoncé "reinvented how to release an album", putting excitement back into the music industry. Robinson added that Beyoncé's release acts as "a masterclass in both exerting and relinquishing control", showing other artists how to effectively make a comeback.[25]

Artists were also inspired by Beyoncé to attempt to create album releases that were unique cultural moments, such as U2's Songs of Innocence, which was automatically downloaded for users of iTunes. Beyoncé's marketing method has continued to inspire other artists to implement unconventional strategies, with artists seeking success by releasing songs without traditional promotion, such as Ariana Grande's "Thank U, Next".[23] P. Claire Dodson of Fast Company wrote that with Lemonade, Beyoncé further transformed "the way music is created, distributed, and promoted".[26] Peter Robinson of The Guardian wrote that the power of Beyoncé's popularization of the surprise release "shouldn't be underestimated", as it stopped music critics from having a "meaningful role in an album's release", enabled "a frictionless exchange of celebrity energy between fan and artist", and increased interest in album campaigns.[1]

Harvard Business School studied the surprise release of Beyoncé in a case study authored by professors Anita Elberse and Stacie Smith. The study explores the marketing strategy that Beyoncé used and its place in the current music industry.[27]

Album format[edit]

Beyoncé has been credited with reviving the album as an art form in an era dominated by singles and streaming. This started with her 2011 album 4; while mainstream R&B artists were forgoing albums-led R&B in favor of singles-led EDM, Beyoncé aimed to place the focus back on albums as an art form and re-establish R&B as a mainstream concern.[28] This remained a focus of Beyoncé's, and in 2013, she made her eponymous album only available to purchase as a full album on iTunes, rather than being able to purchase individual tracks or consume the album via streaming. Kaitlin Menza of Marie Claire wrote that this made listeners "experience the album as one whole sonic experience, the way people used to, noting the musical and lyrical themes".[15] Jamieson Cox for The Verge described how Beyoncé's 2013 album initiated a gradual trend of albums becoming more cohesive and self-referential, and this phenomenon reached its endpoint with Lemonade, which set "a new standard for pop storytelling at the highest possible scale".[29] Megan Carpentier of The Guardian wrote that with Lemonade, Beyoncé has "almost revived the album format" by releasing an album that can only be listened to in its entirety.[30] Myf Warhurst on Double J's "Lunch With Myf" explained that while most artists' albums consist of a few singles plus filler songs, Beyoncé "brought the album back", changing the art form of the album "to a narrative with an arc and a story and you have to listen to the entire thing to get the concept".[31]

Genre[edit]

In an article for NPR, Kiana Fitzgerald wrote that Beyoncé reclaimed the genres of rock and country, which originated from black people.[32] Brittany Spanos for Rolling Stone wrote that Beyoncé's reclamation of rock "is giving the genre a second life – and maybe what can save it".[33]

According to Fuse, Beyoncé set the precedent for music to transcend genre.[34] Ann Powers of NPR said that Beyoncé's work has led the industry "to this moment where post-genre becomes a thing", while Robin Hilton viewed Beyoncé's blending of genres as having encouraged other artists to refuse to be confined to genre boundaries, "like she was setting out this table for and welcoming everybody to it".[35] Aaron Williams of Uproxx wrote that Beyoncé's music cannot be confined to individual genres, adding: "At this point, Beyonce is a genre."[12]

Chopped and re-pitched vocals[edit]

The practice of chopping a vocal sample and re-pitching it to create a melody was brought into the mainstream by Beyoncé on "Run the World (Girls)", which sampled Major Lazer's "Pon De Floor".[36] This helped chopped and re-pitched vocals become the signature sound of music in the 2010s. The practice took over pop music; in 2016, one-fifth of songs on the Billboard Hot 100 featured chopped and re-pitched vocals.[37]

Empowerment of artists[edit]

Sidney Madden of NPR explained that Beyoncé's control over her work and career has set the tone for other artists.[35] In an article for The Guardian, Tshepo Mokoena explained that by taking control of her career through Parkwood Entertainment, Beyoncé set the precedent for musicians, such as Janelle Monáe and Little Simz, to become more autonomous. Mokoena added that Beyoncé destroyed the idea of performers "just sticking to the music", instead leading a "creative revolution" that has allowed artists such as Kanye West, Donald Glover and Rihanna to explore new creative avenues and industries.[38]

Social media usage[edit]

Beyoncé's use of social media defined the best practices for how it should be used by celebrities.[39] NPR's Ann Powers said that Beyoncé is the exemplar for other social media users, noting her ability to share moments that feel intimate and casual while still not invading her privacy.[35] In Popular Music, Stars, and Stardom, Beyoncé's use of technology and social media to build connections with her fans and produce significant works of music is said to encourage other popular musicians to use such tools "to establish an audience base and then to operate more independently of the major industry players".[40] Other celebrities have followed Beyoncé's lead of sharing looks on Instagram before emerging in the public eye, allowing them to control their image and narrative before photographers can publish photographs first.[41]

Fame and stardom[edit]

Critics have described Beyoncé as possessing a status that is beyond the world of celebrity. Kiana Fitzgerald of NPR wrote that the title of "pop star" does not apply to Beyoncé any longer, with Beyoncé creating "an entirely new matrix of celebrity".[32] Arwa Mahadi of The Guardian described how Beyoncé's projects aren't solely albums but cultural events, adding: "Beyoncé has risen to a rare level of fame where she has surpassed mere celebrity and become an archetype of achievement."[1] In a profile for The New York Times, Jody Rosen wrote: "Beyoncé has become something more than just a superstar. She is a kind of national figurehead, an Entertainer in Chief; she is Americana. Someday, surely, her "Single Ladies" leotard will take its place alongside Mickey Mouse and the Model T Ford and Louis Armstrong's trumpet in a Smithsonian display case."[42]

Fashion[edit]

Beyoncé is described as a "style icon" and has made an impact on the fashion industry.[43] Editor of Marie Claire Nicky Briger explained Beyoncé's fashion influence, writing: "Whatever Beyonce wears, the world takes notice. She'll put designers and trends on the map."[44] Designer Maria Lucia Hohan told Complex that while other celebrities have worn her designs before, Beyoncé is on a different level, saying: "Beyoncé's style and her fashions get so much attention whether it is an award show, a concert stage, a red carpet or a music video—nothing goes unnoticed when it comes to her star power."[45] Beyoncé is one of the artists whose music videos impact fashion the most, according to a study by Vevo.[46]

Powerhouse Museum Senior curator Roger Leong explained that while there are influencers in high fashion, Beyoncé brings fashion trends into the mainstream.[44] Joe Zee, editor-in-chief of Yahoo Style, explained how Beyoncé takes a fashion idea "and makes it sexier, more feminine—desirable but also accessible", which the fashion world then borrows from.[47] Introducing Beyoncé as the recipient of the 2016 CFDA Fashion Icon Award, designer Diane von Furstenberg said: "The image of a woman being in charge has never looked more glamorous and more desirable. She is everything all women want to be and after listening to her, no woman should ever feel belittled or insecure again. Talent, heart, strength, and courage. That is what true style is about and all of that is what Beyoncé is the best example of."[48]

Stephen Wigley, associate dean of fashion enterprise at RMIT University, opined that Beyoncé plays an altruistic role in fashion, raising the visibility of small black designers who do not have the financial ability to secure endorsements to gain mainstream success.[44] Janell Okwodu of Vogue described how Beyoncé has put black designers at the forefront of fashion, adding: "Celebrity placements mean more for creators who aren't yet household names, and it doesn't get bigger than having Beyoncé feature your work in a music video or performance." Okwodu also noted how Beyoncé's fashion influence extends beyond her art, with Beyoncé's use of her Instagram feed and her Black Parade directory of black-owned businesses further popularizing lesser-known black designers.[49]

Fashion trends that Beyoncé popularized include naked dresses,[50] nameplate necklaces,[51] lemon print,[52] moon print,[53] and flash tattoos.[54] Beyoncé's clothing brand Ivy Park is credited with making athleisure go mass market.[55]

Political role[edit]

Beyoncé, who performed for Barack and Michelle Obama's first dance during his first inauguration, played a key role in mobilizing black people to vote during the 2008 and 2012 presidential elections

Beyoncé is credited with mobilizing the black vote in the 2008 presidential election, contributing to Barack Obama's victory.[56] Beyoncé also mobilized people to vote for Obama during the 2012 presidential election, with Beyoncé acting as a public face for black women, who voted at a higher rate than any other group and were key to Obama's success.[57] Trevor Nelson described Beyoncé mobilization of Americans, particularly marginalized communities, to vote for Obama in the elections as a "game-changer".[58] For the 2020 presidential election, Beyoncé's encouragement to vote was cited by Generation Z as the content that energized them the most to vote, with 80% saying it influenced their decision.[59]

According to Kevin Allred, Beyoncé "revolutionized the American political landscape", with her work being an essential tool to reinvigorate political education.[60] In 2014, the term "Beyoncé voters" was coined by Fox News' Jesse Watters to describe single women who care about contraception, healthcare, and equal pay, and "depend on government because they're not depending on their husbands". The term went viral and sparked controversy, with critics condemning the characterization of women as a monolith and the factual inaccuracies in Watters' claims.[61] Writing for The Atlantic, Spencer Kornhaber described how Beyoncé was on the frontlines of the culture wars of 2016, with her actions revealing "just how divided the country is".[62]

Race[edit]

Former President of the United States Barack Obama, in a speech on racial inequality delivered to Howard University, explained how Beyoncé's dominance as a black woman would not have been seen as possible when he was a graduate, with Beyoncé acting as a symbol for how the US is a "better place today".[63] In Black Camera, Stephanie Li wrote that Beyoncé has "profoundly transformed images of blackness" by "cultivating an air of astounding exceptionality" and "extraordinary talent and vision", in a manner that is only comparable to Obama. She also wrote that even though Beyoncé has raised money for Black Lives Matter groups and has rallied others against police brutality, her most powerful contribution to the Black Lives Matter movement has been Lemonade, "which tapped into a need for healing, strength, and hope among a black community devastated by an onslaught of men and women killed in police encounters".[8]

Beyoncé's work has prompted significant discussions on race and black history.[64][65] Hunter Harris commented on this phenomenon for Refinery29, writing: "Beyoncé's work is often a battleground for these discussions about race, privilege, and culture because the musician has such a singular importance to Black women."[66]

The Guardian's Syreeta McFadden noted that Beyoncé has depicted archetypal southern Black women "in ways that we haven't seen frequently represented in popular art or culture",[67] while Miriam Bale for Billboard named Lemonade "a revolutionary work of black feminism".[68]

"Formation" and "Freedom" became anthems for the Black Lives Matter movement in 2016 and the George Floyd protests in 2020, with the tracks being adopted by activists and sung at protests.[69][70][71]

According to Andrea Peterson of The Washington Post, "Beyoncé has increasingly used her platform and her art to address racial inequality, especially in the wake of police-involved deaths of black men that have dominated headlines in recent years." Peterson also described her as a "powerful voice for the Black Lives Matter movement", noting that this has caused her to receive hatred and vitriol from conservative outlets.[72]

Feminism[edit]

A Hillary Clinton campaign poster used a quote from Beyoncé's "Run The World (Girls)"

Beyoncé is credited with popularizing the feminist movement and mainstreaming intersectional feminism.[73][74] Beyoncé was described as the most influential feminist in America by The Washington Post, citing how her form of feminism – which encompasses self-reliance, sexual confidence, representation, and economic empowerment – resonates with younger women.[75] David DeNicolo and Meirav Devash of Allure wrote that "Beyoncé is often hailed a paragon and popularizer of the twenty-first-century women's movement".[47] Writing for NPR, Ann Powers said that Beyoncé set the bar for the other women who have achieved success in the music industry, who followed Beyoncé's precedent by integrating messages related to feminism and liberation in their music.[76] Naming Beyoncé one of the 10 artists who defined the 2010s, Leonie Cooper of NME explained: "Beyoncé has become an outspoken advocate for civil rights, feminism and self-expression, proving that it's possible to be politically engaged and still hold down an extremely successful career in mainstream entertainment."[77]

Beyoncé's 2011 song "Run The World (Girls)" became a female empowerment anthem upon release.[78] The song also became an anthem for women competing in sports.[79]

After sampling Nigerian author Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's TEDx talk "We Should All Be Feminists" in her 2013 song "Flawless", Beyoncé was credited with ushering in a new wave of feminism that embraces sexuality and motherhood,[80] and with the introduction of feminist literature to the mainstream.[81] Her performance of the song at the 2014 MTV Video Music Awards in front a giant backdrop reading "Feminist." was "a significant moment for fourth-wave feminism" according to Harry Fletcher of the Evening Standard.[82] Jessica Bennett of Time commented that the broadcast of the definition of "feminist" by "the most powerful celebrity in the world" to 12 million Americans was the "holy grail" of feminist endorsements, while writer Roxane Gay added that the performance aided feminism in a way that had never been seen before.[83] Rebecca Traister of The New Republic described the performance as the most powerful pop culture message of her lifetime, as a signal that "the women's movement is not only thriving but expanding."[84] Professor Kameelah L. Martin told Ms. that Lemonade was an "unprecedented" act in how black women were centered in the project, adding: "We have not seen anything like that in pop culture, and she is a force that can bring more awareness to our culture, to the Black female experience."[85]

Influence on artists[edit]

Artists such as Rihanna and Lady Gaga cite Beyoncé as the inspiration for starting their singing careers

Several recording artists have cited Beyoncé as their influence. Lady Gaga explained how Beyoncé gave her the determination to become a musician, recalling seeing her in Destiny's Child music video and saying: "Oh, she's a star. I want that."[86] Rihanna was similarly inspired to start her singing career after watching Beyoncé, telling etalk that after Beyoncé released Dangerously In Love (2003), "I was like 'wow, I want to be just like that.' She's huge and just an inspiration."[87] Lizzo was also first inspired by Beyoncé to start singing after watching her perform at a Destiny's Child concert.[88] Lizzo also taught herself to sing by copying Beyoncé's B'Day (2006).[89] Similarly, Ariana Grande said she learned to sing by mimicking Beyoncé.[90] Adele cited Beyoncé as her inspiration and favorite artist, telling Vogue: "She's been a huge and constant part of my life as an artist since I was about ten or eleven... I think she's really inspiring. She's beautiful. She's ridiculously talented and one of the kindest people I've ever met... She makes me want to do things with my life."[91]

Both Paul McCartney and Garth Brooks said they watch Beyoncé's performances to get inspiration for their shows, with Brooks saying that when you watch one of her performances, "take out your notebook and take notes. No matter how long you've been on the stage - take notes on that one."[92][93] Kendrick Lamar said he learned from Beyoncé "how particular to be about your music", with Beyoncé controlling every aspect of a production such as the lighting, cameras, and transitions.[94] Mary J. Blige cited Beyoncé's "graceful and beautiful" manner and family life as an inspiration.[95] Nicki Minaj said she looks to Beyoncé for inspiration, describing how she has shown her "that it is possible to be an animal on stage and a caring mother at the same time".[96] Christina Aguilera named Beyoncé as one of her inspirations, describing her as "such an empowering role model and figure for women".[97]

"Beyoncé" as references[edit]

Several artists from outside the US have been dubbed the "Beyoncé" of their native country. This includes Rihanna (the Bajan Beyoncé),[98] Rosalía (the Spanish Beyonce),[99] Naomi Watanabe (the Japanese Beyoncé),[100] Ailee (the Korean Beyoncé),[101] Yemi Alade (the African Beyoncé),[102] Urvashi Rautela (the Indian Beyoncé),[103] Shiri Maimon (the Israeli Beyoncé),[104] and Eleni Foureira (the Cypriot Beyoncé).[105]

Outside of music, "Beyoncé" is used as an honorific title for people (and especially women) who are the leaders of their respective industries. In the arts, sports and entertainment industries, this includes "The Beyoncé of Television" Shonda Rhimes,[106] "The Beyoncé of Art History" Artemisia Gentileschi,[107] "The Beyoncé of Opera" J'Nai Bridges,[108] "The Beyoncé of Acting" Meryl Streep,[109] "The Beyoncé of Broadway" Marisha Wallace,[110] "The Beyoncé of Ceramics" Magdalene Odundo,[111] "The Beyoncé of Podcasting" Roman Mars,[112] "The Beyoncé of Drag" Shangela,[113] "The Beyoncé of Piano" Khatia Buniatishvili,[114] "The Beyoncé of Sports" Ronda Rousey,[115] "The Beyoncé of Tidying" Marie Kondo,[116] "The Beyoncé of Cakes" Yolanda Gampp,[117] "The Beyoncé of Women's Basketball" Candace Parker,[118] and "The Beyoncé of Racing" Rachael Blackmore.[119] In news and politics, recipients of the title include "The Beyoncé of The Law" Baroness Hale,[120] "The Beyoncé of Politics" Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez,[121] "The Beyoncé of Abortion Storytelling" Renee Bracey Sherman,[122] and "The Beyoncé of Investigative Journalism" Nikole Hannah-Jones.[123] In science and business, recipients include "The Beyoncé of Earthquakes" Lucy Jones,[124] "The Beyoncé of Science" Jennifer Doudna,[125] "The Beyoncé of CIOs" Robert B. Carter,[126] and "The Beyoncé of Economics" Raj Chetty.[127]

Influence on popular culture[edit]

Certain words and phrases received a boost in popularity after Beyoncé includes them in her music. Both "bootylicious" and "Bama" were added to the Oxford English Dictionary after used them in her songs "Bootylicious" (2001) and "Formation" (2016), respectively.[128][129] Other phrases that Beyoncé mainstreamed or popularized include "twerk",[130] "FUPA", "Becky", "surfbordt",[131] "I woke up like this",[132] "shoulda put a ring on it",[133] and "hot sauce in my bag".[134] In 2019, the Democratic National Committee used "boy bye", a lyric from Beyoncé's "Sorry", in an anti-Donald Trump advertisement.[135]

Beyoncé has mainstreamed several dances,[136] including popularizing J-Setting with her "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" video.[137] Beyoncé is credited with popularizing veganism,[138] as well as the Master Cleanse diet.[139] Creative baby bump photoshoots were also popularized by Beyoncé.[140]

The Beyoncé Effect[edit]

The "Beyoncé Effect" is a term used by cultural critics and fans to describe Beyoncé's influence over market trends after featuring brands in her work.[141] Eboni K. Williams explained for Revolt how Beyoncé "singlehandedly make[s] trends cool simply by putting her stamp of approval on it", attributing the phenomenon to the fact that the work Beyoncé has put in throughout her career has made it seem like she can do no wrong, "so when she does anything, she's the model of perfection".[142]

Beyoncé helped the Louvre become the most visited museum in history in 2018 after filming the "Apeshit" video at the museum

Beyoncé boosted the popularity of the Louvre after filming the "Apeshit" music video in the museum, with the visitor count increasing by 25% to 10.2 million after the video's release, the highest count for any museum in history.[143][144] After Beyoncé wore a moon print bodysuit by French designer Marine Serre in Black Is King, searches for the brand increased by 426% and the print was described as the design of 2020.[145] Similarly, after wearing an outfit by Ivorian designer Loza Maléombho in the film, Maléombho received an immediate and overwhelming response, causing her website to crash and her sales to spike 300%.[146] A suit designed by DSquared2 sold out after it was worn by Beyoncé in 2016.[147] After shouting-out Red Lobster in "Formation", sales at the restaurant chain increased by 33%.[148] Twitter wrote that the Beyoncé Effect after Lemonade caused the lemon and bee emojis to spike in usage.[149] Gerrick D. Kennedy of the Los Angeles Times wrote that the Beyoncé Effect was present throughout Coachella 2018, with a line-up that was more inclusive of female, queer and minority artists.[150] After forming a partnership with Beyoncé to produce Ivy Park, Topshop's posts on Instagram received 50% more engagement.[151] After Beyoncé gave OnlyFans a shoutout on "Savage Remix", the content service saw a 15% increase in traffic.[152]

After posting pictures of a baby Blue Ivy on Tumblr, the website increased in popularity and was eventually sold to Yahoo for $1.1 billion.[39] Beyoncé helped Facebook launch their Auto-Play feature after the release of her eponymous album in 2013.[153] Beyoncé also helped launch the animated Branded Like feature on Twitter, after its use in the promotional campaign for Black Is King was well received by Twitter users and adopted by other brands including Apple, NASA and the NBA.[154][155]

Academic study[edit]

Beyoncé's work and career have been the subject of several college and university courses.[156] Since 2010, Rutgers University offered a course titled "Politicizing Beyoncé", which used her artistry and image as an access point for the study of black feminist works on race, gender, and sexuality. The course became one of the most popular of the university's offerings, with it being consistently full to capacity. Professor Kevin Allred explained that he used Beyoncé because she is "the only artist putting feminist messages explicitly in her music" and she is "dropping all these pieces and asking us to unravel her message. There is so much to work with."[157] In 2014, the University of Victoria began offering a course which explored how Beyoncé's music has impacted society. Lecturer Melissa Avdeeff explained how Beyoncé has had a "profound" impact on culture, citing Beyoncé's promotion of feminism as an event that redefined the term and made it more acceptable.[158] In September 2015, the University of Waterloo began offering a course that explored Beyoncé's influence and impact, focusing on her eponymous 2013 album.[159] In 2017, the University of Copenhagen offered a course titled "Beyoncé, Gender and Race", which analyzed Beyoncé's songs, videos and performances to explore themes related to gender, sexuality, and race. Professor Erik Steinskog explained how Beyoncé makes the public consider what a feminist is, and he will use her music to "introduce black feminist thought, which is not very well known in Scandinavia". Steinskog added: "Beyoncé is important in understanding the world we live in. [She] is one of the biggest pop artists today, which makes her important in an analysis of contemporary times."[160]

Beyoncé's sixth studio album Lemonade has been taught at numerous colleges as a means of exploring topics such as race, politics and feminism, including at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga,[161] Harvard University,[162] University of Arkansas,[163] University of Pennsylvania,[164][165] University of Texas at San Antonio, California Polytechnic State University, Arizona State University,[156] Michigan State University,[166] Chatham University,[167] Valdosta State University,[168] College of Charleston,[169] University of North Georgia,[170] and Seminole State College.[171] The Museum of Design Atlanta (MODA) announced "The Lemonade Project", a twelve-month series of conversations centered around the visual album. The series will explore the themes of race, gender, and class addressed by the album.[172] Kinitra Brooks and Kameelah Martin have produced "The Lemonade Reader", described as "an educational tool to support and guide discussions of the visual album at postgraduate and undergraduate levels, [which] critiques Lemonade's multiple Afrodiasporic influences, visual aesthetics, the narrative arc of grief and healing, and ethnomusicological reach."[173] University of Texas at Austin professor Omise'eke Tinsley wrote a book entitled "Beyoncé in Formation: Remixing Black Feminism", which "analyzes Beyoncé's visual album, Lemonade, in relation to the sexuality and gender of Black women".[174] University of Albany professor Janell Hobson produced a lesson plan based on her class on Lemonade, saying "Beyoncé's Lemonade stimulates class discussions and assignments as a highly visible pop project striving to create deeper conversations on the meanings of Blackness, womanhood, and feminism."[175]

Depictions and features[edit]

The Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery contains two portraits of Beyoncé

In 2014, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame opened a permanent exhibit centered on Beyoncé in the Legends of Rock section of the museum, which previously only featured Hall of Fame inductees. The exhibit contains outfits from throughout Beyoncé's career, including the black leotard from the "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" music video and the costume from her 2013 Super Bowl performance. Curator Meredith Rutledge-Borger said that they have been trying to obtain Beyoncé's costumes "for a long time". Rutledge-Borger explained how Beyoncé "really needed to take her rightful place alongside Aretha Franklin and the Supremes and Janis Joplin", and that the only way for the museum to showcase the items was to put them in the Legends of Rock section, "which really is the spot that we have to pay tribute to legends of rock, which Beyoncé has proven herself to be".[176] In 2018, the V&A Museum in London acquired Beyoncé's Papillon ring into their jewelry exhibit, described as "one of the most spectacular jewelry collections in the world", which contains "jewels associated with some history's most notable women including Elizabeth I, Catherine the Great, Queen Victoria and the Empress Josephine", according to the museum.[177][178] Curator Clare Phillips commented on the acquisition: "Beyoncé is a figure whose personal style the V&A is proud to represent and a gift from whose personal collection we are honored to receive."[177]

In 2012, the Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery acquired a promotional poster for Beyoncé's 2003 debut album Dangerously in Love, which is found in the "20th Century Americans: 2000 to Present" gallery of the museum.[179] The poster's exhibition label states: "One of the most popular performers on the planet, Beyoncé is a megastar whose talent embraces singing, dancing, songwriting, acting, and entrepreneurship".[180] In 2019, a second portrait of Beyoncé, shot by Tyler Mitchell for her 2018 Vogue cover, was acquired by the museum. The museum said the acquisition fulfills its mission "to tell the story of America by portraying the people who shape this nation's history, development, and culture".[179] In 2015, the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture acquired a costume worn by Beyoncé as Deena Jones in Dreamgirls (2006).[181] A portrait of Beyoncé was featured in the Nevada Museum of Art's 2020 exhibition "World Stage", which was created to showcase 35 contemporary artists who are or have been global influencers in the past 50 years.[182]

References[edit]

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  179. ↑ 179.0 179.1 Taylor, Derrick Bryson (August 6, 2019). "Vogue Beyoncé Portrait Heading to Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 9, 2021.
  180. ↑ "Beyoncé Knowles". npg.si.edu. Retrieved April 9, 2021.
  181. ↑ "Costume worn by Beyoncé as Deena Jones in the film Dreamgirls". National Museum of African American History and Culture. Retrieved April 9, 2021.
  182. ↑ Kane, Jenny. "Basquiat to Beyonce: Nevada Museum of Art features diverse artworks in 'World Stage' exhibition". Reno Gazette Journal. Retrieved April 11, 2021.


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