Flora and Fauna of Punjab, Pakistan
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Punjab is Pakistan's second largest and most populous province. Most of Punjab's forests have been heavily degraded and only two percent is protected. But, it is home to amazing wildlife, extreme variation in climate and altitude, and the five large rivers of Pakistan; Indus, Ravi, Beas, Jhelum and Chenab. The land of Punjab is extremely fertile and also provides refuge to threatened riverine life including the endemic and endangered species, the Indus blind dolphin. Fish life is also diverse and around 190 species have been described; of these 30 are endemic. Unfortunately, most of the forests have been heavily logged for commercial use and only small remnants are left. The Salt Range and Kala Chitta Range are part of the Potohar Plateau and provide the endemic Punjab urial a last refuge, which is also the provincial animal. Punjab lies in the biodiverse Indomalayan realm. The province is bordered by India, the three Pakistani provinces and also Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Punjab supports unknown populations of threatened animals such as the Indian leopard, striped hyena, blackbuck and hog deer. The Indian wolf, listed as vulnerable, survives only in the remote desert areas such as the Cholistan Desert. Mammals including the sambar and grey langur are regular visitors from India.
Ecoregions of Punjab[edit]
| Sub-tropical pine forest | A fairly narrow zone confined between 3000ft and 6000ft. Typified by Murree, Kotli Sattian, Kahuta and Tret in Galyat | Plants: |
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