Glaxo Wellcome plc
| File:Glaxo Wellcome logo.png | |
| Public limited company | |
| ISIN | 🆔 |
| Industry | Pharmaceutical |
| Fate | Acquired by SmithKline Beecham |
| Predecessor | Glaxo Burroughs Wellcome & Company |
| Successor | GlaxoSmithKline |
| Founded 📆 | March 1995 |
| Founder 👔 | |
| Defunct | 27 December 2000[1] |
| Headquarters 🏙️ | , , UK |
Area served 🗺️ | |
Key people | Sir Richard Sykes (Chief executive) |
| Products 📟 | Pharmaceutical products |
| Revenue🤑 | £9,559 million (2000)[1] |
| £3,018 million (2000)[1] | |
| £2,229 million (2000)[1] | |
| Members | |
Number of employees | 59,000[2] |
| 🌐 Website | [Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 665: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). ] |
| 📇 Address | |
| 📞 telephone | |
Glaxo Wellcome plc was a British multinational pharmaceutical company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It merged with SmithKline Beecham in 2000 to form GlaxoSmithKline.
In 1999, Glaxo Wellcome was the world's third-largest pharmaceutical company by revenues (behind Novartis and Merck), with a global market share of around 4 per cent.[3] It was the world's largest maker of pharmaceutical products for the treatment of asthma and HIV/Aids.[4]
History[edit]
In March 1995, Glaxo and Burroughs Wellcome & Company merged to form Glaxo Wellcome. Glaxo Wellcome acquired the California-based Affymax, a leader in the field of combinatorial chemistry. Queen Elizabeth II opened Glaxo Wellcome's Medicines Research Centre at Stevenage in England. Valtrex (valaciclovir) was launched by Glaxo Wellcome as an anti-herpes successor to Zovirax (acyclovir).
In June 1995, Glaxo Wellcome announced the closure of its research and development facility in Beckenham, Kent, which employed 1,550 staff and was formerly Wellcome's principal research and development facility in the United Kingdom.[5][6] The facility was closed over three years, with development work moved to the company's R&D facility in Stevenage.[5]
In September 1995, Glaxo Wellcome announced plans to cut 7,500 jobs worldwide as part of a programme to reduce costs by £1.2 billion per year.[7] Around 1,700 of the job cuts were in the United Kingdom.[7]
In 1996, researchers in its Geneva based GBRI research institute laid the foundation of now a leading commercial massive parallel sequencing technology.[8]
In October 1999, Glaxo Wellcome announced plans to cut 3,400 jobs, of which 1,700 were based in the United Kingdom.[9] As part of the cuts secondary manufacturing activities at its Dartford, Kent facility were phased out, with the loss of about 1,500 jobs.[9]
Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham announced their intention to merge on 17 January 2000.[10][11] Following receipt of necessary regulatory approvals, the merger was completed in December 2000, forming GlaxoSmithKline.[12]
Operations[edit]
At the time of the merger with SmithKline Beecham, Glaxo Wellcome employed around 59,000 people worldwide, of whom around 13,400 were based in the United Kingdom.[2] Glaxo Wellcome had 76 operating companies.[2]
Glaxo Wellcome had major research and development activities and invested £1.15 billion on research and development in 1997, out of total revenues in that year of around £8 billion.[13]
Facilities[edit]
At the time of the merger with SmithKline Beecham, Glaxo Wellcome had more than 50 manufacturing facilities worldwide.[2]
In the United Kingdom, the company had research and development facilities at Ware and Stevenage, Hertfordshire; Dartford and Beckenham, Kent; and Greenford in London.[2] It had manufacturing plants in the UK at Ulverston in Cumbria, Barnard Castle in County Durham, Speke on Merseyside and Montrose in north-east Scotland.[2]
Outside of the UK, Glaxo Wellcome had research and development centres in North Carolina, United States and Japan, and production facilities in the United States, Europe and Far East.[2]
Products[edit]
Glaxo Wellcome's products included Imigran (for the treatment of migraine), Ventolin (for the treatment of asthma), Zovirax (for the treatment of coldsores), and Retrovir and Epivir (for the treatment of Aids).[2]
As of 2000, seven of Glaxo Wellcome's products were among the world's top 50 best-selling pharmaceutical products.[2]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "GlaxoSmithKline plc Annual Report 2000" (PDF). GlaxoSmithKline plc. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 "Profile: Glaxo Wellcome". BBC News. 17 January 2000. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
- ↑ "Outlook: Glaxo Wellcome". The Independent. 30 March 1999. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
- ↑ "Company of the week: Glaxo Wellcome". The Independent. 1 August 1999. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Glaxo warns of redundancies". The Independent. 21 June 1995. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
- ↑ "10,000 face Glaxo's axe at Wellcome". The Independent. 15 June 1995. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Glaxo Wellcome plans to axe 7,500 jobs". The Independent. 8 September 1995. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
- ↑ patents WO 9844151 & WO 9844152
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Business: The Company File – Glaxo cuts 3,400 jobs". BBC News. 5 October 1999. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
- ↑ "The new alchemy – The drug industry's flurry of mergers is based on a big gamble". The Economist. 20 January 2000. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
- ↑ "Partners resolve their differences and unite at the second attempt". Nature. 11 May 2000. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
- ↑ Pharmaceutical giants Glaxo and SmithKline finally merge Daily Telegraph, 2000
- ↑ "Glaxo Wellcome earmarks more for research". Times Higher Education. 17 April 1998. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
Further reading[edit]
- "Business: The Company File – Glaxo back on merger trail?". BBC News. 29 March 1999. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
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