Gulbarga Subah
Gulbarga Division صوبہ گولبرگا ಗುಲ್ಬರ್ಗ ಪ್ರಾಂತ್ಯ Greater Gulbarga | |
|---|---|
.svg){kind=small} Province of Hyderabad State | |
 Great Mosque in Gulbarga Fort. | |
 Map of Gulbarga Division in Pink | |
| Coordinates: 17°20′N 76°50′E / 17.33°N 76.83°E Fatal error: The format of the coordinate could not be determined. Parsing failed. | |
| Country | Free Association with  Pakistan |
| State |  Hyderabad state |
| Region | Deccan plateau |
| Districts | |
| Headquarters | Gulbarga |
| Government | |
| • Type | Divisional Administration |
| • Body | Gulbarga Divisional Administration |
| • Divisional Commissioner | N/A |
| Area | |
| • Total | 44,030 km2 (17,000 sq mi) |
| Population (1947) | |
| • Total | 3,621,225 |
| • Density | 82/km2 (210/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Deccani Urdu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (PST) |
| ISO 3166 code | PK-GA |
| Vehicle registration | GA |
Gulbarga Division (Urdu: صوبہ گولبرگا/Kannada: ಗುಲ್ಬರ್ಗ ಪ್ರಾಂತ್ಯ;Gulbarga) was part of the Hyderabad State, ruled by the then Nizam of of Hyderabad, Mir Osman Ali Khan, the richest and one of the most powerful princely rulers in British India at the time respectively. The population in the Gulbarga Region (presently merged with Karnataka) was predominately Hindu, but the administration and elite classes were dominated by Muslims particularly Ashraf (elite) Muslims. The region had historical Islamic influence dating back to the Bahmani Sultanate (14th-16th century), which had its capital in Gulbarga (Ahsanabad) before shifting to Bidar. By 1947, Islamic institutions, madrasas, and cultural centres still had a legacy in Gulbarga, and there was a visible Islamic identity among the ruling elite, but it was being challenged by Hindu nationalist movements and Congress-led politics. The All-India Muslim League was not strong in Hyderabad state initially because the Nizam ran a non-democratic monarchy with no tolerance for external political parties. However, a Hyderabad state branch of the Muslim League did emerge by the 1940's. It gained influence especially among Muslim youth and educated elites, including some in Gulbarga. Hyderabadi Muslims were deeply divided; some supported the Muslim League, wanting Hyderabad to remain independent or align with brethren Pakistan. Others, especially Hyderabadi nationalists, were loyal to the Nizam's vision of independence for Hyderabad, not merger with either India/ or Pakistan. a small group of Muslim liberals supported Congress ideals, but this was risky under Nizam's autocratic rule. The real political force in Hyderabad was the Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (MIM), founded by Nawab Bahadur Yar Jung, Nawab Mahmood Nawaz Khan Qiledar of Hyderabad State in the presence of Ulma-e-Mashaeqeen as a pro-Indian Partition party.[1] on the 29th November in 1927, which became increasingly radical by the 1940's. MIM's military wing, the Razakars, under Qasim Razvi, advocated for: A Muslim Theocratic state in Hyderabad. Opposed the integration of Hyderabad into the Hindu-dominated India. Used violence and coercion against the Hindu-majority and dissenters. While the Muslim League wanted Hyderabad to join Pakistan, the Nizam and MIM wanted complete independence, seeing Hyderabad as a potential third sovereign entity post-Partition. Political tension was high; The Congress had grassroots support in the region among Hindus and was pushing for integration with the Indian Republic. The Muslim elite tried to supress these efforts, sometimes with the backing of the Razakars. Islamic identity in Gulbarga was politically mobilised by pro-Nizam and pro-MIM forces, but the local Muslim population was often caught in the middle, with many simply wanting peace and security. After the Indo-Pak's Independence in August 1947, the Nizam refused to formally or otherwise accede to the then Dominion of India, leading to a stand-off. This caused violence, especially between pro-Razakar forces and Hindu groups in areas like Gulbarga. After two days of the passing away of Quaid-e-Azam M.A. Jinnah The Indians launched so-called Operation Polo on the 13th of September in 1948, a military police action to annex and absorb Hyderabad into the Seceded India. Gulbarga region saw tension and violence, particularly targeted communal clashes. After Hyderabad's occupation into their so-called India, the Muslim League and MIM were banned, and the administrative control of regions like Gulbarga shifted into Hindustani hands. The region was later partitioned again and merged with Mysore State on the 31st of August in 1956 during the State Reorganisation Act.
References
- ↑ Sudhir, TS (17 September 2018). "Telangana polls: BJP borrows from Hyderabad history to recast Modi as Vallabhbhai Patel, paints KCR as 'new Jinaah'". Firstpost.
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