History of visual effects in Indian cinema
Visual effects in Indian cinema dates back to the silent era. Most of the Telugu and Tamil films started the usage of visual effects in the films since a long time.
History[edit]
The time as Hollywood films were experimenting and executing VFX, India had also closely followed and caught on. Dada Saheb Phalke's silent movie Kaliamardhan in the year 1919 is one such example with amazing work. Later came Tollywood (Telugu) films like Pathala Bhairavi (1951) and Mayabazar (1957) took VFX to greater heights in the Indian cinema. With the advent of Computer Graphics in Hollywood in the 1970s Indian films yearned to similar work and in the 1980s India's first Computer graphics facilities came up led by Prasad Video Digital which later gave birth to Prasad EFX who imported the first film scanners and recorders to India and thus pioneered the digital image revolution in India.
Gentleman is the first Indian film to use computer graphics for a scene featuring the heart of a teenager after a bomb blast. The first complete computer graphics film is 1995 Telugu film Ammoru directed by Kodi Ramakrishna .[citation needed] Later films such as Kaadhalan, Jeans, Indian and Mudhalvan had VFX similar to Hollywood movies made in Tamil by the director S. Shankar. Graphic designer Venky noted that Indian was his most difficult project to date (in 1997) with a scene constructed to feature Kamal Haasan's character alongside freedom fighter, Subhas Chandra Bose. Venky had to remove blemishes on the film reel of Bose provided by the Film Division's archive before merging Kamal Haasan on to the shot to make it appear that the pair were marching in tandem.[9] One of the earliest Bollywood films to use heavy VFX shots was Love Story 2050 in 2008, that had around 1200 VFX shots.[1] The Telugu film Magadheera used 1600 VFX shots in 2009.[2] The Tamil film, Enthiran had the highest budget for VFX at that time in 2010. It has 2000 VFX shots including the dual roles of Rajinikanth.[3] Ra.One that became the first Hindi film to raise the bar of VFX techniques, using as many as 2500 VFX shots in the film in 2011. Eventually, Krrish 3 marched ahead, with a record breaking 3500 VFX shots in more than 50 sequences in 2013.[1]
Films like Indian, Enthiran, Magadheera, Baahubali series and Eega took Indian cinema to next level in VFX/CGI technology and fan is the first of its kind VFX that used in Indian Cinema. The action sequence was shot using 120 cameras for employing the time slice photography technique, a visual effect known as "bullet time" and popularised by the American film The Matrix (1999), to achieve the frozen-time effect.[13] Shankar had earlier toyed with the idea of time-slice and tried it while filming the song "Ale Ale" in his Boys. While the time-freeze sequence in Boys was achieved by the linking of 60–62 cameras to attain a 180° rotation, Anniyan employed 120–122 cameras for a 270° rotation.
Impressed with the film's script, V. Srinivas Mohan became the visual effects supervisor in December 2007. He asked Shankar to increase the filming schedules by six months to include pre-production requirements.[4][5] Both Mohan and Shankar visited several visual effects companies, including the New Zealand-based Weta Digital and the United States-based Industrial Light & Magic, Cafe FX and Tippett Studio before partnering with Legacy Effects.[4][6] The original Eros-Ayngaran visual effects budget was ₹700 million, but after Sun Pictures took over production, it was significantly reduced to ₹200 million. As a result, the visual effects team had to omit and alter some sequences, making Chitti wear sunglasses for most of the film to reduce the cost and difficulty of animating his eyes.[7]
The Telugu films Baahubali: The Beginning (2015) and Baahubali 2: The Conclusion (2017) were commercial and critical hit breaking the box office records of Indian cinema and were famous for their VFX shots.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Adivarekar, Priya (August 22, 2014). "The VFX factor". The Indian Express.
- ↑ "Here's How Puli Surpassed Baahubali and Magadheera". Gulte. September 28, 2015.
- ↑ Rangarajan, Malathis (October 30, 2010). "Behind the Robot". The Hindu.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bhavanishankar, Jyothsna (22 October 2010). "Endhiran VFX Supervisor Srinivas Interview". Behindwoods. Archived from the original on 21 January 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2015. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Devi Dundoo, Sangeetha (31 October 2010). "Animatronics maketh the clone". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 21 January 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2015. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Rangarajan, Malathi (13 August 2010). "Science meets cinema". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 21 January 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2015. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Venkadesan, S. (18 October 2012). "Why Enthiran Rajini wore coolers?". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 21 January 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2015. Unknown parameter
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