Kerebera Da Mariyam massacre

Kerebera Da Mariyam massacre
	Part of Tigray War
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Target	Tigrayans
Attack type	Mass killing; Ethnic cleansing;
Deaths	5 civilians
Perpetrators	Ethiopian National Defence Force ; Eritrean Defence Forces

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Coordinates: 13°11′49″N 39°10′38″E / 13.197°N 39.17723°E / 13.197; 39.17723

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The Kerebera Da Mariyam massacre was a mass extrajudicial killing that took place in Kerebera Da Mariyam (Tigrinya: ከረበራ ንዳ ማሪያም, sometimes transliterated as Gergera Da Mariam) in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia during the Tigray War, on 1 February 2021.^[1]^[2] Kerebera is a small village with just one hand pump (installed by the Relief Society of Tigray) servicing all the inhabitants.^[3] Kerebera belongs to tabiya Addi Hibubla - Dekera, woreda Samre, Southeastern zone of Tigray.

Massacre[edit]

The Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) and Eritrean Defence Forces (EDF) killed five civilians in Kerebera Da Mariyam (Southeastern Tigray) on 1 February 2021.^[1]^[2]

They entered the holy room [of the church] with their shoes. They shouted over us saying; ‘You are our enemies because you have comforted and preached to the villagers that this shall pass. You should not have done that’. There were six priests in the room. They shot us all and left the church. My friends died. It is nothing short of a miracle I survived. — A 76-year old priest, quoted by Lucy Kassa, ‘At least’ 78 priests ‘massacred’ in one zone of Tigray, leaked letter claims, The Telegraph^[1]

In line with historical studies of massacres, including those massacres which were committed during the Armenian genocide, ^[4]^[5] a massacre can be defined as a conflict incident in which at least five unarmed civilians were killed on the same day at the same location. Typical massacres committed by Ethiopian and Eritrean soldiers in the Tigray war are (1) revenge when they lose a battle; (2) to terrorise and extract information about whereabouts of TPLF leaders; (3) murder of suspected family members of TDF fighters; and (4) terrorising the Tigray society as a whole such as in case of mass killings in churches.^[6]

Witnesses said that Eritrean and Ethiopian soldiers specifically target religious celebration days to execute members of the church. This is what also happened in Kerebera Da Mariyam.^[1]

Perpetrators[edit]

The Telegraph reported the perpetrators of this massacre as being Ethiopian and Eritrean soldiers.^[1]

Victims[edit]

The Telegraph mentions five victims of this massacre, all of them priests.^[1]

Reactions[edit]

An official letter by the Tigray Orthodox Church, which was addressed on 15 April 2021 to the Synod of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, says that “priests, deacons, choristers, and monks” have been “massacred” over the last five months in Tigray. Kerebera Da Mariyam is quoted among the horrific examples.^[1] The Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation,^[2] that documented this massacre received international media attention, particularly regarding its Annex A, that lists massacres in the Tigray War.^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]

The spokeswoman of the Ethiopian Prime Minister office Billene Seyoum and Eritrea’s information minister, Yemane Gebremeskel did not wish comment when faced with the news of this massacre.^[1]

After months of denial by the Ethiopian authorities that massacres occurred in Tigray, a joint investigation by OHCHR and the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission was announced in March 2021. ^[10] In September 2021, in a preliminary briefing in relation to this investigation, UNHRC Chief Michelle Bachelet mentioned that gross violations of human rights, humanitarian and refugee law have been observed in Tigray.^[11]

While the Ethiopian government promised that Eritrean troops will be pulled out from Tigray, the Eritrean government denies any participation in warfare in Tigray, let alone in massacres.^[12]

References[edit]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 The Telegraph, 10 May 2021: ‘At least’ 78 priests ‘massacred’ in one zone of Tigray, leaked letter claims
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Annys, S., Vanden Bempt, T., Negash, E., De Sloover, L., Ghekiere, R., Haegeman, K., Temmerman, D., Nyssen, J., 2021. Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation, version 2.1. Ghent (Belgium): Ghent University, Department of Geography Archived 2021-10-13 at Archive.today
↑ Charity Water: Tsa’ida Kerebera
↑ Levene, Mark; Roberts, Penny (January 1, 1999). The Massacre in History. Berghahn Books. p. 90. ISBN 978-1-57181-934-5. Archived from the original on April 11, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2021. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help) Search this book on
↑ Melson, Robert (July 1982). "Theoretical Inquiry into the Armenian Massacres of 1894–1896". Comparative Studies in Society and History. 24 (3): 482–3. doi:10.1017/s0010417500010100.
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 The World radio (2 April 2021): Counting the victims in Tigray Archived 2021-10-15 at Archive.today
↑ EuroNews, 2 April 2021 – See film embedded in the news item: G7 'seriously concerned' about human rights violations in Ethiopia's Tigray region Archived 2021-04-10 at the Wayback Machine
↑ CBC, 2 April 2021: As It Happens: The Friday Edition (from 28:00 to 35:30) Tigray, Ethiopia Massacre Archived 2021-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
↑ The Guardian, 2 April 2021: Ethiopia: 1,900 people killed in massacres in Tigray identified Archived 2021-08-14 at the Wayback Machine
↑ France24, 18 March 2021: UN rights chief agrees to joint Tigray probe Archived 2021-04-22 at the Wayback Machine
↑ Republic World, 15 September 2021: 'Gross Violations' Of Human Rights Reported In Tigray, Atmosphere Of Fear Prevails: UN
↑ DW, 19 March 2021: Fact check: Are other nations involved in the war in Tigray? Archived 2021-09-13 at the Wayback Machine

External links[edit]

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[telegraph20210510-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 The Telegraph, 10 May 2021: ‘At least’ 78 priests ‘massacred’ in one zone of Tigray, leaked letter claims

[atlas21-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Annys, S., Vanden Bempt, T., Negash, E., De Sloover, L., Ghekiere, R., Haegeman, K., Temmerman, D., Nyssen, J., 2021. Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation, version 2.1. Ghent (Belgium): Ghent University, Department of Geography Archived 2021-10-13 at Archive.today

[3] Charity Water: Tsa’ida Kerebera

[4] Levene, Mark; Roberts, Penny (January 1, 1999). The Massacre in History. Berghahn Books. p. 90. ISBN 978-1-57181-934-5. Archived from the original on April 11, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2021. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help) Search this book on

[5] Melson, Robert (July 1982). "Theoretical Inquiry into the Armenian Massacres of 1894–1896". Comparative Studies in Society and History. 24 (3): 482–3. doi:10.1017/s0010417500010100.

[world-6] 6.0 ^6.1 The World radio (2 April 2021): Counting the victims in Tigray Archived 2021-10-15 at Archive.today

[7] EuroNews, 2 April 2021 – See film embedded in the news item: G7 'seriously concerned' about human rights violations in Ethiopia's Tigray region Archived 2021-04-10 at the Wayback Machine

[8] CBC, 2 April 2021: As It Happens: The Friday Edition (from 28:00 to 35:30) Tigray, Ethiopia Massacre Archived 2021-07-16 at the Wayback Machine

[9] The Guardian, 2 April 2021: Ethiopia: 1,900 people killed in massacres in Tigray identified Archived 2021-08-14 at the Wayback Machine

[10] France24, 18 March 2021: UN rights chief agrees to joint Tigray probe Archived 2021-04-22 at the Wayback Machine

[11] Republic World, 15 September 2021: 'Gross Violations' Of Human Rights Reported In Tigray, Atmosphere Of Fear Prevails: UN

[12] DW, 19 March 2021: Fact check: Are other nations involved in the war in Tigray? Archived 2021-09-13 at the Wayback Machine

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Kerebera Da Mariyam massacre

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