Kim Kardashian effect
The Kim Kardashian effect (which may also be referred to as the Kim effect[1] or more vaguely Kardashian effect) is the trend effect that American reality star and social media personality Kim Kardashian has on the global female population of the 21st century. This ranges from her advocating of the selfie, a surge in buttock augmentations[2] as well as increased sales of pencil skirts,[3] platinum blonde hair dye,[4] nude lipstick[5] and blue shampoo.[6] Kardashian has been in the public eye since the release of her infamous sex tape in February 2007 but is most widely known for her appearances in Keeping Up With the Kardashians since October 2007.[7][8]
Kardashian is viewed as a role model by many teenage girls and young women because of her glamorous, chic fashion sense that is deemed to be edgy and on-trend, thus designating her a fashion icon of 2010s fashion era.[9][10][11] Socially, Kardashian is deemed to be an A-lister and is known for her friendships with celebrities such as Paris Hilton and Riccardo Tisci.[12] This may idolize Kardashian as she appears to live the illustrious Beverly Hills celebrity lifestyle that many teens would like.[13][14]
Kim's fashion choices have had a profound effect on 2010s fashion and on many teenage girls. Various people have immitated Kim's style and have spent thousands of dollars on cosmetic surgery to look like her.[15][16] Likewise, Kardashian's style is one of the most coveted in present day society and many online fashion magazines such as Elle,[17][18] Marie Claire[19] and Grazia[20] have created style articles to decode Kim's style. A prime example of Kardashian's evolution in today's fashion is her love of the pencil skirt.[3] In addition, sales for nude-color lipsticks saw a 62% increase in November 2014 after Kim wore it, as reported by Grazia.[5]
Aside from her fashion, Kardashian's hair seems to be another big focal point of her appearance.[21] In early March 2015, during Paris Fashion Week, she revealed her new platinum blonde hair color which received immediate press attention.[22][23] About a week after Kim's new-blonde hair appearances, Glamour Magazine reported a dramatic 312% increase in sales of violet toning shampoo, leading it to become "2015's hottest hair trend", as quoted by MailOnline.[4][6][24]
In addition, another accomplished celebrity plastic surgeon, Dr. Anthony Youn, has speculated that Kardashian has had rhinoplasty and various chemical peels, in order to keep her youthful appearance.[25] Many people have picked up on Kim's evident obsession with cosmetic surgery and often disagree with her choices, claiming she isn't a good role model to teenagers because of it.[26]
References[edit]
- ↑ https://www.facebook.com/fudgehair/posts/10153202463976060
- ↑ "The Kim Kardashian and Jennifer Lopez Effect: Butt Augmentations Double from 2013 to 2014". StreetInsider.com.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lauren Cochrane. "Pencil skirts: the Kim Kardashian effect". the Guardian.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "The Kim Effect - Girls Worldwide go Platinum - Entertainment Daily". Entertainment Daily.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "The Kim Kardashian Effect: Nude Lipstick Is Now Outselling Classic Red". Grazia_Live.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Kim Kardashian: Blonde hair on the rise with Fudge blonde shampoo (Glamour.com UK)". glamourmagazine.co.uk.
- ↑ ""Keeping Up with the Kardashians" (2007) - Episodes cast". IMDb.
- ↑ "Kardashians". E! Online.
- ↑ "Kim Kardashian Style - Kanye West Fashion Evolution (Glamour.com UK)". glamourmagazine.co.uk.
- ↑ Daniel D’Addario. "Kim Kardashian: Why Instagram Fashion Icon Is a Vogue Outlier". TIME.com.
- ↑ "Is Kim Kardashian A Fashion Icon?". The Huffington Post UK.
- ↑ "Paris Hilton talks how she 'inspired' Kim Kardashian's meteoric rise to fame and reality TV success - Daily Mail Online". Mail Online.
- ↑ "Over Half Of Teenagers Want To Be Famous". The Huffington Post UK.
- ↑ "The Impact Of Reality TV On Our Teens: What Can Parents Do? - The MGH Clay Center for Young Healthy Minds". The MGH Clay Center for Young Healthy Minds.
- ↑ "Woman Spends Over $30,000 to Look Like Kim Kardashian". Celebuzz.
- ↑ "Kim Kardashian fan Jordan James Parke spent $150k on surgery to look like idol - Daily Mail Online". Mail Online.
- ↑ Danielle Prescod. "The 9 Secrets to Nailing Kim Kardashian's Style". ELLE.
- ↑ "Kim Kardashian 2015 Fashion - Here's What Kim Kardashian's 2015 Makeover Looks Like So Far". ELLE.
- ↑ Lauren Valenti. "Kim Kardashian Street Style - Kim Kardashian Best Looks". Marie Claire.
- ↑ "Kim Kardashian Style: Best Dresses and Outfits". Grazia_Live.
- ↑ "Kim Kardashian Goes Platinum Blond After Admitting She Has the Hairiest Forehead You Could Ever Imagine! on Kardashians". E! Online.
- ↑ Neha Prakash (5 March 2015). "Kim Kardashian goes blonde, completing transformation into Harry Potter wizard". Mashable.
- ↑ "Kim Kardashian goes platinum blonde: Click for more!". Closer Online.
- ↑ "What it REALLY takes to achieve Kim Kardashian's blonde look - Daily Mail Online". Mail Online.
- ↑ Leah Beckmann. "A Guide to the Kardashian's Plastic Surgeries". Gawker. Gawker Media.
- ↑ "Does Kim Kardashian deserve to be famous?". debate.org.
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