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List of Provinces in Great Kurdistan

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki


Kurdistan
کوردستان
Type of subdivision of (the) former country
Life span?
Location of Kurdistan
Location of Kurdistan
History
 •  Established Enter start date
 •  Disestablished Enter end date
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Kurdish history and Kurdish culture

This page contains the provinces of Greater Kurdistan.[3][4] Greater Kurdistan is divided into four countries, They are: Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria.[5][6] Kurdistan is a roughly defined geo-cultural territory in Western Asia wherein the Kurds form a prominent majority population[7] and the Kurdish culture, languages, and national identity have historically been based.[8] Geographically, Kurdistan roughly encompasses the northwestern Zagros and the eastern Taurus mountain ranges.[9]

Kurdistan of Turkey[edit]

Greater Kurdistan Provinces
Province Kurdish or/and Zaza name Ref. Population (2021)[10]
Şanlıurfa Province
  • Parêzgeha Rihayê
  • Wîlayetî Rıha
 [11] 2,143,020
Gaziantep Province Parêzgeha Entabê 2,130,432
Diyarbakır Province
  • Parêzgeha Amedê
  • Wîlayetî Diyarbekır
 [12] 1,791,373
Van Province Parezgêha Wanê 1,141,015
Mardin Province Parêzgeha Mêrdîn [13] 862,757
Malatya Province Parezgêha Meletîyê [14] 808,692
Tunceli Province Parêzgeha Dêrsim [15]
Ardahan Province Parêzgeha Erdêxanê [16]
Kahramanmaraş Province Parêzgeha Mereş [17]
Siirt Province Parêzgeha Sêrtê [18]
Şırnak Province Parêzgeha Şirnex [19]
Sivas Province Parezgêha Sêwas
Adıyaman Province Parêzgeha Semsûr [20]
Elazığ Province Parêzgeha Xarpêtê [21]
Batman Province Parêzgeha Êlihê [22]
Bitlis Province Parêzgeha Bidlîsê [23]
Bingöl Province Parêzgeha Çewlîg [24]
Ağrı Province Parêzgeha Agiriyê [25]
Erzincan Province Parezgêha Erzînganê [26]
Erzurum Province Parezgêha Erzirum [27]
Iğdır Province Parêzgeha Îdirê [28]
Muş Province Parêzgeha Mûşê [29]
Kilis Province Parêzgeha Kilîs
Kars Province Parêzgeha Qersê [30]
Hakkâri Province Parêzgeha Colemêrg [31]

Northern Kurdistan.refers to the southeastern part of Turkey[32] where Kurds form the predominant ethnic group. The Kurdish Institute of Paris estimates that there are 20 million Kurds living in Turkey, the majority of them in the southeast.[33]

Southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan) is considered to be one of the four parts of Kurdistan, which also includes parts of northern Syria (Western Kurdistan), northern Iraq (Southern Kurdistan) and northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan).[34][6]

The term Turkish Kurdistan is often used in the context of Kurdish nationalism, which makes it a controversial term among proponents of Turkish nationalism. The term has different meaning depending on context.

Kurdistan of Iran[edit]

Greater Kurdistan Provinces
Province Ku.language Ref.
Kermanshah Province Parêzgeha Kirmaşan [35][36]
Kurdistan province Parêzgayî Kurdistan [37][38]
West Azerbaijan Province Parêzgeha Urmiyê [39][40]
Ilam Province Parêzgeha Îlamê [41][42]
Lorestan Province Parêzgeha Luristan
Hamadan Province Parêzgeha Hemedan [43]
Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province Parêzgeha Kûgîluyî û Buwêr Ehmed
Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province Parêzgeha Çarmihal û Bextiyarî
Khuzestan Province Parêzgeha Xûzestan

Kurdistan of Iran is an unofficial name for the parts of northwestern Iran with either a majority or sizable population of Kurds. Geographically, it includes the West Azerbaijan Province, Kurdistan Province, Kermanshah Province, Ilam Province and parts of Hamadan Province and Lorestan Province.[44][45]

In totality, Kurds are about 10% of Iran's total population.[46] According to the last census conducted in 2006, the four main Kurdish-inhabited provinces in Iran – West Azerbaijan, Kermanshah Province, Kurdistan Province and Ilam Province – had a total population of 6,730,000.[47] Kurds generally consider northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan) to be one of the four parts of a Greater Kurdistan, which under that conception are joined by parts of southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), northern Syria (Western Kurdistan), and northern Iraq (Southern Kurdistan).[48][6]

Kurdistan of Syria[edit]

Provinces of Greater Kurdistan
Province Ku.language Ref.
Al-Hasakah Governorate Parêzgeha Hesekê
Jazira Region Herêma Cizîrê
Euphrates Region Herêma Firatê
Afrin Canton Kantona Efrînê

Kurdistan of Syria is a region in northern Syria where Kurds form the majority. It is surrounding three noncontiguous enclaves along the Turkish and Iraqi borders: Afrin in the northwest, Kobani in the north, and Jazira in the northeast.[49] Syrian Kurdistan is often called Western Kurdistan or Rojava,[lower-alpha 1] one of the four "Lesser Kurdistans" that comprise "Greater Kurdistan", alongside Iranian Kurdistan,[lower-alpha 2] Turkish Kurdistan,[lower-alpha 3] and Iraqi Kurdistan.[lower-alpha 4][50]

Kurdistan of Iraq[edit]

Provinces of Greater Kurdistan
Province Ku.language Ref.
Erbil Governorate Parêzgeha Hewlêr [51][52]
Duhok Governorate Parêzgeha Dihokê [53][54]
Kirkuk Governorate Parêzgeha Kerkûkê [55][56]
Sulaymaniyah Governorate Parêzgeha Silêmaniyê [57][58]
Diyala Governorate Parêzgeha Diyaleyê
Halabja Governorate Parêzgeha Helebceyê [59][60]

Kurdistan of Iraq refers to the Kurdish-populated part of northern Iraq. It is considered one of the four parts of "Kurdistan" in Western Asia, which also includes parts of southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), northern Syria (Western Kurdistan), and northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan).[6][61] Much of the geographical and cultural region of Iraqi Kurdistan is part of the Kurdistan Region (KRI), an autonomous region recognized by the Constitution of Iraq.[62] As with the rest of Kurdistan, and unlike most of the rest of Iraq, the region is inland and mountainous.[63]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ "Kurdish lands". Retrieved 6 November 2019.
  2. ↑ "The Kurdish lands". Library of Congress. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
  3. ↑ Turkey demands Google remove Greater Kurdistan map by Rudaw, December 25, 2018
  4. ↑ Kaya, Zeynep (2020). Mapping Kurdistan: Territory, Self-Determination and Nationalism. Cambridge University Press. pp. 2, 137, 177, 197. Search this book on
  5. ↑ Bois, Th; Minorsky, V.; MacKenzie, D. N. (2002). "Kurds, Kurdistān". Encyclopaedia of Islam (2 ed.). BRILL. ISBN 9789004161214. At present, the different provinces of Kurdistān cover around 190,000 km2 in Turkey, 125,000 km2 in Iran, 65,000 km2 in Irāḳ, and 12,000 km2 in Syria. The total area of Kurdistān can then be estimated at approximately 392,000 km2.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Bengio, Ofra (2014). Kurdish Awakening: Nation Building in a Fragmented Homeland. University of Texas Press. p. 2. Hence the terms: rojhalat (east, Iran), bashur (south, Iraq), bakur (north, Turkey), and rojava (west, Syria). Search this book on
  7. ↑ Zaken, Mordechai (2007). Jewish Subjects and Their Tribal Chieftains in Kurdistan: A Study in Survival. Leiden, The Netherlands: BRILL. pp. 1–2. ISBN 9789004161900. Kurdistan was never a sovereign state, though the area with an ethnic and linguistic majority of Kurdish population is defined as Kurdistan. Search this book on
  8. ↑ M. T. O'Shea, Trapped between the map and reality: geography and perceptions of Kurdistan, 258 pp., Routledge, 2004. (see p. 77)
  9. ↑ Kurdistan[permanent dead link], Britannica Concise.
  10. ↑ "TÜİK Kurumsal". data.tuik.gov.tr. Archived from the original on 17 May 2022. Retrieved September 25, 2022.
  11. ↑ "Li Rihayê 15 roj qedexe hat ragihandin" (in kurdî). Rûdaw. 8 October 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  12. ↑ "Odeya Pizîşkên Amedê: 200 kes bi koronayê ketine". Rûpela nû (in kurdî). 8 April 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  13. ↑ Tan, Altan (2018). Turabidin'den Berriye'ye. Aşiretler - Dinler - Diller - Kültürler (in Türkçe). p. 344. ISBN 9789944360944. Search this book on
  14. ↑ "Li Meletî 3 tax û li Êlihê gundek hatin kerentînekirin" (in kurdî). Rûdaw. 31 March 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  15. ↑ "Türkiye Mülki İdare Bölümleri Envanteri". T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı (in Türkçe). Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  16. ↑ "Bakûr di bin berfê de ye! Rêya 1.609 gundan hate girtin" (in kurdî). Sopger. 18 January 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  17. ↑ "Present and future Köppen-Geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution". Nature Scientific Data. DOI:10.1038/sdata.2018.214.
  18. ↑ "Serokê Parêzgeha Sêrtê yê HDPê Çetîn hat girtin" (in kurdî). Anadolu Agency. 23 July 2017. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  19. ↑ "Li Şirnexê qedexeya hatûçûnê hate ragehandin Kaynak: Li Şirnexê qedexeya hatûçûnê hate ragehandin" (in kurdî). Rûpelanu. 11 November 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  20. ↑ "Parêzgeha Semsûrê çûn û hatina bajêr qedexe kir". Peyama Kurd (in kurdî). 2 April 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  21. ↑ "Li Wanê taxek hat kerentînekirin" (in kurdî). Rûdaw. 8 April 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  22. ↑ "Li Êlihê teqîn... kuşti û birîndar heye". Nerina Azad (in kurdî). 4 October 2018. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  23. ↑ "Li Bidlîsê qedexeya derketina derve". Rûadw (in kurdî). 19 March 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  24. ↑ "Li 26 herêmên Çewlîgê "herêmên ewlehiya taybet" hat ragihandin". Rûdaw. 11 November 2018. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  25. ↑ "Li Agirî û Wanê qedexe hat ragihandin" (in kurdî). Rûdaw. 25 November 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  26. ↑ "Li Wan û Erzînganê ji ber berfê rêyên 144 tax û gundan hatin girtin" (in kurdî). Rûdaw. 3 December 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  27. ↑ Gürses, Mehmet (28 February 2019). Anatomy of a Civil War: Sociopolitical Impacts of the Kurdish Conflict in Turkey. University of Michigan Press. p. 56. ISBN 9780472901166. Retrieved 20 November 2022. Search this book on
  28. ↑ "Li Îdirê bi roketê êrîşî binkeya leşkerî ya Tirkiyê kirin" (in kurdî). Rûdaw. 4 January 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  29. ↑ "Li Mûşê heta 15 rojan hemû çalakî hatin qedexekirin" (in kurdî). Rûdaw. 4 November 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  30. ↑ "Li Qersê 12 kes hatin desteserkirin" (in kurdî). Rûdaw. 23 July 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  31. ↑ "Li Colemêrgê boriyên gaza xwezayî hatin danîn" (in kurdî). Rûdaw. 23 July 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  32. ↑ van Bruinessen, Martin (2004), "Kurdistan", in Joel Krieger, The Oxford Companion to Politics of the World (2nd ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780195117394.001.0001, hdl:1721.1/141579, ISBN 9780199891160, The name given to the homeland of the Kurds, a Muslim people numbering approximately 20 to 25 million, Kurdistan comprises most of eastern and southeastern Turkey, northern Iraq, parts of northwestern Iran, and small slices of northeastern and northwestern Syria.
  33. ↑ The Kurdish Population by the Kurdish Institute of Paris, 2017 estimate. "The territory, which the Kurds call Northern Kurdistan (Bakurê Kurdistanê), has 14.2 million inhabitants in 2016. According to several surveys, 86% of them are Kurds... So in 2016, there are about 12.2 million Kurds still living in Kurdistan in Turkey. We know that there are also strong Kurdish communities in the big Turkish metropolises like Istanbul, Izmir, Ankara, Adana, and Mersin. The numerical importance of this "diaspora" is estimated according to sources at 7 to 10 million... Assuming an average estimate of 8 million Kurds in the Turkish part of Turkey, thus arrives at the figure of 20 million Kurds in Turkey."
  34. ↑ Khalil, Fadel (1992). Kurden heute (in Deutsch). Europaverlag. pp. 5, 18–19. ISBN 3-203-51097-9. Search this book on
  35. ↑ "Li Kirmaşan erdhej" (in kurdî). 1 October 2018. Archived from the original on 13 June 2020. Retrieved 18 March 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  36. ↑ "بەرپرسانی ڕێژیم بەڵێنی درۆ و بێ بنەما بە خەڵکی لێقەوماوی پارێزگای کرماشان دەدەن" (in kurdî). Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  37. ↑ "ئەنجوومەنی دادوەری ئێران بەدواداچوون بۆ دۆسیەی گەندەڵی لە پارێزگای کوردستان دەکات". Naskurd (in kurdî). Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  38. ↑ "Parêzgeha Kurdistanê qaremana pêşbirkên werzişên zorxaneyî yên Îranê". Sahar. 16 September 2017. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  39. ↑ "کوردستان میدیا: دۆخی ئاسەوارە مێژووییەکانی پارێزگای ئورمیە بە هۆی دابین نەکردنی بوودجە و کەمتەرخەمی بەرپرسانی رێژیم زۆر نالەبارە و ئەگەری لە ناو چوونیان و فەوتانیان هەیە". Kurdistan Media (in kurdî). Retrieved 21 March 2020.
  40. ↑ "Erdhejê parêzgeha Urmiyê hejand". KurdistanMedia (in kurdî). Retrieved 21 March 2020.
  41. ↑ "کوردستان میدیا: نوێنەری شارەکانی دێهلوڕان، ئابدانان و دەڕەشار لە مەجلیسی رێژیمی ئێران گوتی، هەنووکە لە پارێزگای ئیلام زۆربەی پڕۆژەکان بە نیوەچڵی ماونەتەوە" (in kurdî). Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 18 March 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  42. ↑ "Ji sedî 2ê xelkê Îlamê madeyên hişber bi kar tînin". Rûdaw (in kurdî). 1 September 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  43. ↑ Adka'i, Parviz. "HAMADĀN i. GEOGRAPHY". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Retrieved 12 October 2022.
  44. ↑ Sebastian Mastel (2018). The Kurds: An Encyclopedia of Life, Culture, and Society. p. 236. ISBN 9781440842573. Search this book on
  45. ↑ Fattah, Ismaïl Kamandâr (2000). Les dialectes kurdes méridionaux. Acta Iranica 37. p. 5. Search this book on
  46. ↑ "The Time of the Kurds". CFR. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
  47. ↑ "Iran Provinces". Archived from the original on 2016-10-22. Retrieved 2017-03-07. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  48. ↑ Iranian Kurdistan entry for the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO). “Iranian Kurdistan, also known as eastern Kurdistan.”
  49. ↑ Kajjo 2020, pp. 279, 284; Tejel 2020, pp. 251-252, 259; Lange 2018, pp. 275-276, 285; O'Leary 2018; Phillips 2017, p. 67; Allsopp 2016, p. 29; Gunter 2014, p. 8.
  50. ↑ Kajjo 2020, p. 273; Tejel 2020, p. 261; O'Leary 2018; Bengio 2017, p. 79; Bengio 2014, p. 2: "Hence the terms: rojhalat (east, Iran), bashur (south, Iraq), bakur (north, Turkey), and rojava (west, Syria)."
  51. ↑ "Tekoşerekî kevnar yê PDKÎ li parêzgeha Hewlêr wefat kir". kurdistanmedia.com (in kurdî). Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  52. ↑ "پارێزگای ھەولێر" (in kurdî). Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  53. ↑ "سەربەست تروانشی : لە ھەفتەی داھاتوو ژمارەی کاتژمێرەکانی پێدانی کارەبا بە پارێزگای دھۆک زیاد دەکات". Zagros News Agancy (in kurdî). Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  54. ↑ "Serok Barzanî li gel berpirsên parêzgeha Dihokê civiya" (in kurdî). Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  55. ↑ "کۆبوونەوەی ئەنجوومەنی پارێزگای کەرکووک شکستی هێنا" (in kurdî). Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  56. ↑ "Hevpeymanîya Kurdistanî bi 96 namzedan dikeve hilbijartinan". Rûpela nû (in Türkçe). 17 October 2019. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  57. ↑ "Li sînorê parêzgeha Silêmaniyê gule li du binkeyên hikûmetê hatin berdan" (in kurdî). Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  58. ↑ "پارێزگای سلێمانی". slemani.gov.krd (in kurdî). Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  59. ↑ "Iraqê Helebce weke parêzgeh hesab kir". Rûdaw (in kurdî). Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  60. ↑ "وادەی كردنەوەی ژووری بازرگانیی پارێزگای هەڵەبجە ئاشكراكرا" (in kurdî). Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  61. ↑ Khalil, Fadel (1992). Kurden heute (in Deutsch). Europaverlag. pp. 5, 18–19. ISBN 3-203-51097-9. Search this book on
  62. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-11-28. Retrieved 2016-11-15. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
  63. ↑ Jason Dittmer, Jo Sharp. Geopolitics: An Introductory Reader. Search this book on

Notes[edit]

  1. ↑ Kurdish: Rojavayê Kurdistanê‎, lit. 'Kurdistan where the sun sets'
  2. ↑ Kurdish: Rojhilatê Kurdistanê‎, lit. 'Kurdistan where the sun rises'
  3. ↑ Kurdish: Bakurê Kurdistanê‎, lit. 'Northern Kurdistan'
  4. ↑ Kurdish: Başûrê Kurdistanê‎, lit. 'Southern Kurdistan'


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