Miskeen
The Needy (Arabic: ألمسكين, ’al miskīn, [betʃæɹah]; Urdu: مسکین, [mɪskiːn];) from stillness and immobility, and it is called the one who is in need, who has no money but little that does not meet his needs. Al-Nawawi defines it as "the one who owns what is sufficient for his needs and is not sufficient for him", that he needs ten and has seven or eight, and in its meaning is he who is able to earn what is sufficient, and it is not enough, and whether what he owns of money is a nisaab or less or more is not considered in the poor question asked, most of our companions were of the opinion that it is cut short, and some of them relayed from the old.
The difference between the poor and the needy
The poor and the needy share in the fact that both of them have a need for money. Al-Tabari said:
"Al-Maskanah" (residence) is the origin of the "al-Miskīn" (poor). The place is an accommodation for want and need, and it is its reverence and humiliation.[1]
Ibn Manzur said: On the authority of Al-Asma'i, he said:
The needy is better off than the poor, and to him went Ahmed bin Ubayd. Those who are trapped for the sake of Allah cannot strike on the ground. The ignorant count them as rich from chastity.
Ibn Berri said:
And to this statement went the linguist Ali bin Hamzah Al-Asbahani, and he thinks that it is right and everything else is wrong.
On that, Allah Almighty said:
| “ | ﴿أَمَّا ٱلسَّفِينَةُ فَكَانَتْ لِمَسَٰكِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ فِى ٱلْبَحْرِ…﴾
As for the ship, it belonged to poor people working at sea. ... |
” |
So it has been proved that they had a ship to work on in the sea.[3]
The poor and the needy
The poor and the needy are two of the eight categories to whom zakat is paid, and both of them take for their need for their own supplies, and the poor are most in need because Allah Almighty began with them and the Arabs start with the most important and most significant, and because Allah Almighty said:
| “ | ﴿أَمَّا ٱلسَّفِينَةُ فَكَانَتْ لِمَسَٰكِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ فِى ٱلْبَحْرِ…﴾
As for the ship, it belonged to poor people working at sea. ... |
” |
So he told that they had a ship to work And because the Prophet Muhammad – blessings of Allah be upon him and peace – sought refuge from poverty and said:
Oh Allah, give me a poor companion, and my nation is a poor one, and put me in the group of the poor.
Al-Tirmidhi narrated it, and he indicated that the poor are more severe, so the poor is the one who does not have what is sufficient for his earnings nor anyone else, and the needy who has that, and each of them is given what is sufficient.[4]
Ibn Umar said that the Messenger of Allah said,
لَاا تَحِلُّ الصَّدَقَةُ لِغَنِيَ وَلَاا لِذِي مِرَّةٍ سَوِي
The alms should not be given to the wealthy and the physically fit.[5]
Abu Hurayrah narrated that the Messenger of Allah said,
لَيْسَ الْمِسْكِينُ بِهَذَا الطَّوَّافِ الَّذِي يَطُوفُ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَتَرُدُّهُ اللُّقْمَةُ وَاللُّقْمَتَانِ وَالتَّمْرَةُ وَالتَّمْرَتَان
The needy person is not the one who goes round the people and asks them for a mouthful or two (of meals) or a date or two.
They asked,
Then who is the needy person, O Allah's Messenger!
He said,
الَّذِي لَا يَجِدُ غِنًى يُغْنِيهِ وَلَا يُفْطَنُ لَهُ فَيُتَصَدَّقَ عَلَيْهِ وَلَا يَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ شَيْيًا
The one who does not have enough to satisfy his needs and whose condition is not known to others, that others may give him something in charity, and who does not beg of people.[6]
The poor
The poor, who has no money or earnings, falls under the location of his need, so he who does not have sufficient means is like one who needs ten and has only two or three dirhams, so that does not take away from him the name of the poor.
Ibn Kathir said in the interpretation of the saying of Allah Almighty:
| “ | ﴿إِنَّمَا ٱلصَّدَقَٰتُ لِلْفُقَرَآءِ وَٱلْمَسَٰكِينِ...﴾
Zakah expenditures are only for the poor and for the needy... |
” |
Rather, the poor are mentioned here because they are in greater need than the rest of the deserving because of their severity and their need and according to Abu Hanifa that the poor person is worse off than the needy, and it is as Ibn Jarir said: Yakub told me Ibn Aliya told us that Ibn Aoun reported to us on the authority of Muhammad, he said: Umar – may Allah be pleased with him – said:
The poor is not the one who has no money, but the needy one who has more money.
Ibn Aliya said, "The best characters for us".
And the public is otherwise. It was narrated on the authority of Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Al-Hasan Al-Basri and Ibn Zaid, and Ibn Jarir and more than one chose the faqeer, "He is the abstinent who does not ask people anything," and the miskeen, "He is the one who asks, circumambulates and follows people."
Qatada said: The faqeer, "he who has time", and the miskeen, "the correct body". Al-Thawri said, on the authority of Mansour on the authority of Ibrahim, "They are poor immigrants."[7]
See also
- Surah Al-Ma'un
- Islam and poverty
References
- ↑ Tafsir al-Tabari
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "quran.com, al-Kahf (18) : 79, Sahih International".
- ↑ Lisān al-‘Arab by Ibn Manzur
- ↑ al-Kafi in the jurisprudence of Imam Ahmad, Archived 2017-05-02 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Ahmad, Abu Dawood and At-Tirmidhi collected this Hadith.
- ↑ Al-Bukhari and Al-Muslim
- ↑ Tafsir Ibn Kathir. Search this book on
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